{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T05:09:34Z","timestamp":1778821774489,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016096","name":"Shanghai Key Basic Research Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017962","name":"Jiangsu Commission of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017962","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017837","name":"Wuxi Science and Technology Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Preeclampsia (PE) is a significant complication of pregnancy, and its association with\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      fertilization (IVF) remains unclear, especially across different demographic groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study including 61,329 singleton pregnancies from three hospitals in China, with 3,902 conceived via IVF and 57,427 conceived naturally. Multivariate logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier analyzes were used to assess the associations between IVF and preeclampsia, preterm birth, and small for gestational age (SGA), adjusting for maternal age, BMI, parity, and other clinical variables. Subgroup analyzes were performed by age (&amp;lt; 35\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . \u2265 35), BMI (&amp;lt; 24\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . \u2265 24 kg\/m\u00b2), and parity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      IVF was significantly associated with increased risks of preeclampsia (adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a01.34, 95% CI: 1.14\u20131.57,\n                      <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.0004) and preterm birth (adjusted OR\u00a0=\u00a01.68, 95% CI: 1.43\u20131.97,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001), but not with SGA. Subgroup analyzes showed that the association between IVF and preeclampsia was consistent across subgroups defined by age, BMI, and parity, with no significant interactions. For preterm birth, a significant age interaction was observed (\n                      <jats:italic>p =<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.0005), with a stronger association in women under 35 years.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>IVF is independently associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth. Enhanced monitoring and tailored prenatal care are warranted in IVF pregnancies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1755506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T04:27:03Z","timestamp":1778819223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between in vitro fertilization and preeclampsia: a multicenter cohort study with subgroup analysis by maternal age, BMI, and parity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ping","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Reproductive Medicine, Women\u2019s Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Wuxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sha","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi Medical Center","place":["Wuxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China","place":["Chenzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and ChildHealth Care Hospital","place":["Wuxi, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deshen","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University","place":["Wuxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuxi Medical Center, Nanjing Medical University","place":["Wuxi, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Women's Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi Maternity and ChildHealth Care Hospital","place":["Wuxi, Jiangsu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chaoyan","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Key Lab of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Lab of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2025.02.009","article-title":"How many infants have been born with the help of assisted reproductive technology","volume":"124","author":"Adamson","year":"2025","journal-title":"Fertility Sterility"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deab198","article-title":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2014\u2020","volume":"36","author":"Chambers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.15332","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology: Short- and long-term outcomes","volume":"65","author":"Graham","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2020.07.038","article-title":"Does race or ethnicity play a role in the origin, pathophysiology, and outcomes of preeclampsia? 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