{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:05:11Z","timestamp":1788548711009,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become a global epidemic with an unclear etiology and no effective therapeutic options. Disruption of the gut\u2013liver axis driven by intestinal dysbiosis is closely implicated in MAFLD pathogenesis, making gut microbiota-targeted probiotic interventions promising preventive strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      B6, a probiotic strain isolated from homemade Bulgarian fermented milk, synthesizes immunomodulatory macromolecules and regulates the intestinal flora. In the present study, we comprehensively investigated the colonization ability and MAFLD-alleviating effects of\n                      <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      B6 in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced murine MAFLD model using an integrated approach encompassing metagenomics, untargeted metabolomics, serum biochemical assays, and liver histopathological analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Supplementation with\n                      <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      B6 markedly decreased the relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Cupriavidus<\/jats:italic>\n                      , Desulfovibrionaceae, and Enterobacteriacea, and inhibited the predicted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis pathway, thereby suppressing the inflammatory response. Furthermore,\n                      <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      B6 intervention elevated unsaturated fatty acid levels by modulating lipid metabolic pathways, specifically mitochondrial \u03b2-oxidation of long-chain saturated fatty acids, \u03b1-linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and sphingolipid metabolism, while downregulating predicted myo-inositol degradation pathways, collectively contributing to MAFLD alleviation.\n                      <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      , the metabolites of\n                      <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      B6 exerted potent inhibitory activity against LPS-producing bacteria (e.g.,\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica<\/jats:italic>\n                      ).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      These findings demonstrate that\n                      <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      B6 is a promising probiotic for MAFLD alleviation via dual mechanisms of attenuating inflammation and regulating lipid metabolism. This study provides compelling evidence for the specific protective effects of\n                      <jats:italic>L. rhamnosus<\/jats:italic>\n                      B6 against MAFLD and offers a novel probiotic-based therapeutic strategy for MAFLD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1755982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T05:18:38Z","timestamp":1771219118000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus B6 alleviates metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease by suppressing intestinal LPS synthesis and regulating lipid metabolism"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Danqi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunping","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengjun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.03.039","article-title":"A new definition for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: An international expert consensus statement","volume":"73","author":"Eslam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.11.312","article-title":"International consensus panel. 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