{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:13:11Z","timestamp":1787026391981,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":162,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>During the first months following diagnosis and treatment of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma, a substantial proportion of patients experience rapid and marked weight gain. This frequently progresses to severe hypothalamic obesity, which results from hypothalamic injury caused either by the tumor itself or by therapeutic interventions. Hypothalamic obesity should be regarded as one manifestation within the broader clinical spectrum of hypothalamic syndrome. Given the pivotal role of hypothalamic nuclei in maintaining physiological homeostasis, hypothalamic syndrome encompasses a wide range of disturbances, including hypothalamic\u2013pituitary hormone deficiencies, disruption of circadian rhythms, impaired regulation of hunger, satiety, and thirst, as well as thermoregulatory dysfunction and cognitive, sleep-related, and psychosocial impairments. Consequently, affected individuals often develop persistent obesity, chronic fatigue, excessive daytime sleepiness, and mood disturbances, which may contribute to social withdrawal, academic challenges, reduced participation in daily activities, and impaired quality of life. Over time, these patients are at increased risk for metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, sustained reductions in quality of life, and premature mortality. Historically, the management of hypothalamic syndrome has been challenging for both patients and clinicians, as conventional obesity treatments, including lifestyle modification, dietary interventions, and physical activity, have shown limited long-term efficacy. Pharmacological approaches have likewise been unsatisfactory, either due to insufficient effectiveness or unacceptable adverse effects leading to their withdrawal from clinical use. The therapeutic impact of central nervous system stimulants and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in acquired hypothalamic obesity remains inconsistent and subject to ongoing debate. Recent findings from a randomized controlled trial provide, for the first time, encouraging evidence that setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, may substantially improve outcomes in patients with hypothalamic dysfunction associated with hypothalamic obesity. The emergence of a safe and effective pharmacological therapy that addresses not only metabolic abnormalities but also key psychosocial features, such as hyperphagia and overall quality of life, may represent a significant advancement in the management of this complex condition and offers the potential to meaningfully improve outcomes in this highly burdened and underserved patient population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1768254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T04:39:37Z","timestamp":1780634377000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quality of life, morbidity, mortality, and long-term prognosis after craniopharyngioma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hermann L.","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology\/Oncology, University Children\u2019s Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky Universit\u00e4t, Klinikum Oldenburg A\u00f6R","place":["Oldenburg, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.35.s4.1","article-title":"Craniopharyngioma","volume":"35","author":"Muller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B2","article-title":"Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma","volume-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board Central nervous system tumours. WHO classification of tumours series. 5th Edition ed","author":"Santagata","year":"2021"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2016.217","article-title":"New outlook on the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"13","author":"Muller","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4274\/jcrpe.galenos.2025.2025-12-12","article-title":"Current approaches and therapeutic strategies for hypothalamic syndrome in patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","author":"Muller","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-025-04987-1","article-title":"Long-term quality of life and hypothalamic dysfunction after craniopharyngioma","volume":"173","author":"Muller","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2025.101999","article-title":"Metabolic complications and their mechanisms in patients with craniopharyngioma","volume":"39","author":"Erfurth","year":"2025","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13051016","article-title":"Management of acquired hypothalamic obesity after childhood-onset craniopharyngioma-a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Muller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02196.x","article-title":"High prevalence of long-term cardiovascular, neurological and psychosocial morbidity after treatment for craniopharyngioma","volume":"62","author":"Pereira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-16855","article-title":"Obesity after childhood craniopharyngioma--German multicenter study on pre-operative risk factors and quality of life","volume":"213","author":"Muller","year":"2001","journal-title":"Klinische Padiatrie"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-819370","article-title":"Outcome of craniopharyngioma in children: long-term complications and quality of life","volume":"46","author":"Poretti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvad027","article-title":"Outcome after pediatric craniopharyngioma: the role of age at diagnosis and hypothalamic damage","volume":"188","author":"Beckhaus","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1743663","article-title":"Characteristics and outcomes in pediatric versus adult craniopharyngiomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"Pang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvae044","article-title":"Long-term weight gain in children with craniopharyngioma","volume":"190","author":"Rovani","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.02114","article-title":"Quality of life in treated adult craniopharyngioma patients","volume":"154","author":"Dekkers","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0360-3016(03)01570-0","article-title":"Surgery with or without radiation therapy in the management of craniopharyngiomas in children and young adults","volume":"58","author":"Stripp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780198870197.003.0033","article-title":"Craniopharyngiomas in children and adults: systematic analysis of 121 cases with long-term follow-up","volume":"62","author":"Karavitaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12076","article-title":"Risk factors for mortality caused by hypothalamic obesity in children with hypothalamic tumours","volume":"11","author":"Haliloglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers16061099","article-title":"Vascular morbidity and mortality in craniopharyngioma patients-a scoping review","volume":"16","author":"Beckhaus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2021.698150","article-title":"Cerebral infarction in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma patients: results of KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2007","volume":"11","author":"Boekhoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.41.ep740","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and fatigue in long-term survivors of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"173","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo14080408","article-title":"From hypothalamic obesity to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: physiology meets the clinics via metabolomics","volume":"14","author":"Lonardo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-012-0428-2","article-title":"Mortality and morbidity in adult craniopharyngioma","volume":"16","author":"Erfurth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.41.ep766","article-title":"Hydrocephalus and hypothalamic involvement in pediatric patients with craniopharyngioma or cysts of Rathke's pouch: impact on long-term prognosis","volume":"172","author":"Daubenbuchel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1547724","article-title":"Survival, hypothalamic obesity, and neuropsychological\/psychosocial status after childhood-onset craniopharyngioma: newly reported long-term outcomes","volume":"17","author":"Sterkenburg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413172","article-title":"Examination of self-esteem, body image, eating attitudes and cardiorespiratory performance in adolescents","volume":"18","author":"Petrovics","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2002.97.1.0003","article-title":"Craniopharyngioma in adults and children: a study of 122 surgical cases","volume":"97","author":"Van Effenterre","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-004-1124-y","article-title":"Longitudinal study on quality of life in 102 survivors of childhood craniopharyngioma","volume":"21","author":"Muller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Child's Nervous System ChNS Off J Int Soc For Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-19-0074","article-title":"Posterior hypothalamus-sparing surgery improves outcome after childhood craniopharyngioma","volume":"8","author":"Bogusz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.2019.0321","article-title":"The postoperative quality of life in children and adolescents with craniopharyngioma","volume":"116","author":"Eveslage","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-23-0147","article-title":"Acquired hypothalamic dysfunction in childhood: 'what do patients need?' - an Endo-ERN survey","volume":"12","author":"van Roessel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14866","article-title":"Impact of sleep, neuroendocrine, and executive function on health-related quality of life in young people with craniopharyngioma","volume":"63","author":"Niel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.876770","article-title":"A survey of patient-relevant outcomes in pediatric craniopharyngioma: Focus on hypothalamic obesity","volume":"13","author":"Craven","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19599","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-46532-y","article-title":"Vision-related quality of life in patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"13","author":"Sowithayasakul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1180993","article-title":"Outcome after proton beam therapy versus photon-based radiation therapy in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma patients-results of KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2007","volume":"13","author":"Friedrich","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad488","article-title":"Caregiver burden and its relationship to health-related quality of life in craniopharyngioma survivors","volume":"109","author":"Kayadjanian","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noad112","article-title":"Treatment and outcome of the Dutch Childhood Craniopharyngioma Cohort study: first results after centralization of care","volume":"25","author":"Van Schaik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2022.12.peds22367","article-title":"Comparison of neurocognitive and quality-of-life outcomes in pediatric craniopharyngioma patients treated with partial resection and radiotherapy versus gross-total resection only","volume":"31","author":"Aldave","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Pediatr"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-4292-2023-0001","article-title":"Assessment of quality of life in patients with craniopharyngioma and identification of risk factors for compromised overall wellness","volume":"68","author":"Lin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.25259\/sni_186_2024","article-title":"Quality of life of pediatric patients with craniopharyngioma: a retrospective series from a low-middle-income country with more than 4 years follow-up","volume":"15","author":"Baqai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Surg Neurol Int"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.52621","article-title":"Quality of life and hormonal impairment in pediatric patients with craniopharyngiomas","volume":"16","author":"Pereira Neto","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children11101159","article-title":"Internalizing symptoms and their impact on patient-reported health-related quality of life and fatigue among patients with craniopharyngioma during proton radiation therapy","volume":"11","author":"Mandrell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22541\/au.172207178.84107785\/v1","article-title":"Long-term sequelae and quality of life after childhood-onset craniopharyngioma: results of a Spanish multicenter study","volume":"71","author":"Perez-Torres Lobato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9407","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.99.p329","article-title":"Daytime sleepiness and health-related quality of life in patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"15","author":"Mann-Markutzyk","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-025-05112-y","article-title":"Quality of life in pediatric patients treated with adjuvant proton radiation for craniopharyngiomas","volume":"175","author":"Rose","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1037\/13620-004","article-title":"Thematic analysis","volume-title":"APA handbook of research methods in psychology, vol 2: research designs: quantitative, qualitative, neuropsychological, and biological","author":"Braun","year":"2012"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-025-01564-7","article-title":"Semaglutide treatment in hypothalamic obesity: two-year outcomes on body composition, appetite, and quality of life","volume":"28","author":"Gjersdal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-025-05284-7","article-title":"The Craniopharyngioma Quality of Life (C-QOL) Index: a preliminary disease-specific, patient-centered tool for assessing patient reported outcomes in adult craniopharyngioma patients","volume":"176","author":"Myneni","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aed.2025.03.004","article-title":"Successful treatment of hypothalamic obesity with tirzepatide","volume":"12","author":"Brijmohan","year":"2025","journal-title":"AACE Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-024-04925-7","article-title":"Identification of factors related to functional prognoses in craniopharyngiomas","volume":"172","author":"Umeda","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ando.2026.102507","article-title":"Assessment of hypothalamic syndrome in adult craniopharyngioma patients","volume":"87","author":"Tavares da Silva","year":"2026","journal-title":"Annales d'Endocrinologie"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-45789-3","article-title":"Hyperphagia in craniopharyngioma- a real-world study from the international hypothalamic-pituitary brain tumors patient registry","volume":"16","author":"Kayadjanian","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-025-04497-0","article-title":"The psychological impact of adult-onset craniopharyngioma: a follow-up survey","volume":"91","author":"Daughters","year":"2026","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2026.111927","article-title":"Surgical outcomes and longitudinal quality of life after endoscopic endonasal resection of craniopharyngioma","volume":"147","author":"Banting","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2025.8.jns251041","article-title":"Endoscopic endonasal approach for craniopharyngioma resection in 604 cases: tumor classification, treatment strategies, and surgical outcomes","volume":"144","author":"Cai","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"in press","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(24)00087-1","article-title":"Setmelanotide for the treatment of acquired hypothalamic obesity","volume":"394","author":"Miller","year":"2026","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0360-3016(02)02799-2","article-title":"Craniopharyngioma: the st. Jude children's research hospital experience 1984-2001","volume":"53","author":"Merchant","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-018-2936-z","article-title":"Self- and informant-rated apathy in patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"140","author":"Mehren","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Neuro-Oncol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/jnn.0b013e3181f8a59d","article-title":"Health status in long-term survivors of pediatric craniopharyngiomas","volume":"42","author":"Crom","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci Nurs J Am Assoc Neurosci Nurses"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-010-1301-0","article-title":"Cognitive and social functioning in children and adolescents after the removal of craniopharyngioma","volume":"27","author":"Ondruch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Child's Nervous System ChNS Off J Int Soc For Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/neu.0b013e31821a872d","article-title":"Surgical management of craniopharyngiomas in children: meta-analysis and comparison of transcranial and transsphenoidal approaches","volume":"69","author":"Elliott","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-45499","article-title":"Functional capacity, obesity and hypothalamic involvement: cross-sectional study on 212 patients with childhood craniopharyngioma","volume":"215","author":"Muller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Klinische Padiatrie"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2013.125","article-title":"Paediatrics: surgical strategy and quality of life in craniopharyngioma","volume":"9","author":"Muller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.3171\/ped.2006.104.2.5","article-title":"Phase II trial of conformal radiation therapy for pediatric patients with craniopharyngioma and correlation of surgical factors and radiation dosimetry with change in cognitive function","volume":"104","author":"Merchant","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.12.010","article-title":"Neuropsychological outcome in patients with childhood craniopharyngioma and hypothalamic involvement","volume":"164","author":"Ozyurt","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nlm.2014.03.007","article-title":"Remote effects of hypothalamic lesions in the prefrontal cortex of craniopharygioma patients","volume":"111","author":"Ozyurt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol Learn Mem"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/09084282.2010.523394","article-title":"Brief communication: cognitive rehabilitation of executive functioning in a case of craniopharyngioma","volume":"17","author":"Metzler-Baddeley","year":"2010","journal-title":"Appl Neuropsychol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-99918-6_7","article-title":"Hypopituitarism","volume":"403","author":"Fleseriu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-18-0505","article-title":"Long-term effects of growth hormone replacement therapy in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma: results of the German Craniopharyngioma Registry (HIT-Endo)","volume":"179","author":"Boekhoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/noy059.038","article-title":"Quality of life and growth after childhood craniopharyngioma: results of the multinational trial KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2007","volume":"59","author":"Heinks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ey.19.9.1","article-title":"Safety of growth hormone replacement in survivors of cancer and intracranial and pituitary tumours: a consensus statement","volume":"186","author":"Boguszewski","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2006.02508.x","article-title":"GH replacement does not increase the risk of recurrence in patients with craniopharyngioma","volume":"64","author":"Karavitaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-42722","article-title":"Perioperative dexamethasone treatment in childhood craniopharyngioma--influence on short-term and long-term weight gain","volume":"111","author":"Muller","year":"2003","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes Off Journal German Soc Endocrinol [and] German Diabetes Assoc"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4998","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2019-00539","article-title":"Clinical importance of free thyroxine concentration decline after radiotherapy for pediatric and adolescent brain tumors","volume":"104","author":"van Iersel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1159\/000506639","article-title":"Pregnancies after childhood craniopharyngioma: Results of KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2000\/2007 and review of the literature","volume":"111","author":"Sowithayasakul","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroendocrinology"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2024.01.008","article-title":"Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism","volume":"53","author":"Bangalore Krishna","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clinics North America"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1093\/ejendo\/lvae084","article-title":"Central diabetes insipidus (vasopressin deficiency) after surgery for pituitary tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"191","author":"Fountas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac678","article-title":"Approach to the patient with hypothalamic obesity","volume":"108","author":"Shoemaker","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2026.102080","article-title":"Disorders of water balance (hyponatremia and hypernatremia)","volume":"40","author":"Christ-Crain","year":"2026","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnad010","article-title":"Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis: From pathophysiology to management","volume":"44","author":"Warren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20945\/2359-4292-2025-0259","article-title":"Oxytocin: A neglected hormone in pituitary disease - From function to the diagnosis of a deficiency, resulting clinical relevance, and potential treatment options in endocrinology","volume":"70","author":"Leibnitz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Arch Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf651","article-title":"Arginine vasopressin deficiency and oxytocin deficiency in the endocrine clinic","volume":"111","author":"Atila","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12527","article-title":"Eating behaviour and oxytocin in patients with childhood-onset craniopharyngioma and different grades of hypothalamic involvement","volume":"14","author":"Daubenbuchel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.41.ep740","article-title":"Oxytocin in survivors of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"54","author":"Daubenbuchel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-017-1257-x","article-title":"First experiences with neuropsychological effects of oxytocin administration in childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"56","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.01014","article-title":"Social cognition in patients with hypothalamic-pituitary tumors","volume":"10","author":"Ozyurt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2024.101170","article-title":"The oxytocin system in patients with craniopharyngioma: A systematic review","volume":"76","author":"Mann","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaf008","article-title":"The oxytocin system and implications for oxytocin deficiency in hypothalamic-pituitary disease","volume":"46","author":"Aulinas","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2020.05.009","article-title":"Management of hypothalamic obesity","volume":"49","author":"Muller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clinics North America"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00351-z","article-title":"Hypothalamic syndrome","volume":"8","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaf025","article-title":"Management of acquired hypothalamic dysfunction and the hypothalamic syndrome; it is more than obesity","volume":"46","author":"van Santen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000543544","article-title":"The Central Control of Energy Metabolism: Hypothalamic Obesity Is Not One Disease","volume":"99","author":"van Santen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.13439","article-title":"Hypothalamic obesity: Epidemiology in rare sellar\/suprasellar tumors-a German claims database analysis","volume":"36","author":"Witte","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-005-1166-9","article-title":"Functional capacity and body mass index in patients with sellar masses--cross-sectional study on 403 patients diagnosed during childhood and adolescence","volume":"21","author":"Muller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Child's Nervous System ChNS Off J Int Soc For Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103313","article-title":"The many different clinical faces of acquired hypothalamic dysfunction: A retrospective cohort study in the Netherlands","volume":"85","author":"van Roessel","year":"2025","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.70108","article-title":"Epidemiology of acquired hypothalamic obesity following traumatic brain injury and nonspecific hypothalamic microinjury: A nationwide German claims data analysis","volume":"38","author":"Witte","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1798619","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1798619","article-title":"Expert meeting report: Epidemiology and management of acquired hypothalamic obesity","volume":"17","author":"Muller","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(21)00002-4","article-title":"Endocrine disorders in Prader-Willi syndrome: A model to understand and treat hypothalamic dysfunction","volume":"9","author":"Tauber","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1159\/000515318","article-title":"Hypothalamic-pituitary outcome after treatment for childhood craniopharyngioma","volume":"54","author":"van Schaik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Hormone Res"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2014-1680","article-title":"Diencephalic syndrome in childhood craniopharyngioma-results of German multicenter studies on 485 long-term survivors of childhood craniopharyngioma","volume":"99","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.90.p686","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for the hypothalamic syndrome in childhood","volume":"188","author":"van Santen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.110.ep1084","article-title":"Novel autonomic dysregulation score in children with hypothalamic syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Doelman-Oldenburger","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgad613","article-title":"Childhood-onset craniopharyngioma-a life-long family burden","volume":"109","author":"Beckhaus","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10198-025-01786-3","article-title":"Economics of hypothalamic obesity in patients with craniopharyngioma and other rare sellar\/suprasellar tumors","volume":"26","author":"Witte","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Health Econ"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnad033","article-title":"Appetite- and weight-regulating neuroendocrine circuitry in hypothalamic obesity","volume":"45","author":"Gan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2010.80","article-title":"Appetite-regulating hormone changes in patients with craniopharyngioma","volume":"19","author":"Roth","year":"2011","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1530\/ey.16.11.14","article-title":"Pathophysiology and individualized treatment of hypothalamic obesity following craniopharyngioma and other suprasellar tumors: A systematic review","volume":"40","author":"van Iersel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/noajnl\/vdag050","article-title":"Hypothalamic obesity following craniopharyngioma surgery: What is the role of hypothalamic T2 signal changes in brain MRI","volume":"8","author":"Yurddas","year":"","journal-title":"Neuro-Oncology Adv"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2014-0415","article-title":"Eating behavior, weight problems and eating disorders in 101 long-term survivors of childhood-onset craniopharyngioma","volume":"28","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab JPEM"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.694213","article-title":"Risk factors for hypothalamic obesity in patients with adult-onset craniopharyngioma: A consecutive series of 120 cases","volume":"12","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-24-0126","article-title":"Impact of parental body mass index at diagnosis on obesity in survivors of pediatric craniopharyngioma","volume":"13","author":"Beckhaus","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ25-0408","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for acquired hypothalamic obesity \u2013 International expert guidance document","volume":"73","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnac035","article-title":"Contemporary biological insights and clinical management of craniopharyngioma","volume":"44","author":"Apps","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2025.102039","article-title":"Hypothalamus-sparing surgery in craniopharyngiomas: Oncological and hypothalamic long-term outcomes","volume":"39","author":"Gott","year":"2025","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70725","article-title":"Defining acquired hypothalamic obesity: An expert call for unified diagnosis and therapeutic action","volume":"28","author":"van Santen","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13102356","article-title":"Sleep disorders, dysregulation of circadian rhythms, and fatigue after craniopharyngioma-a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Muller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.817257","article-title":"Sleep disorders in patients with craniopharyngioma: A physiopathological and practical update","volume":"12","author":"Romigi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-974095","article-title":"Secondary narcolepsy may be a causative factor of increased daytime sleepiness in obese childhood craniopharyngioma patients","volume":"19","author":"Muller","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.7982","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of the modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale in children with craniopharyngioma","volume":"15","author":"Crabtree","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcped.2024.100174","article-title":"Fatigue in patients with hypothalamic syndrome; A cross-sectional analysis of the German childhood-onset craniopharyngioma cohort","volume":"4","author":"Beckhaus","year":"2024","journal-title":"EJC Paediatric Oncol"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021797","article-title":"Obesity in patients with craniopharyngioma: Assessment of food intake and movement counts indicating physical activity","volume":"88","author":"Harz","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.87.8.3993","article-title":"Melatonin treatment in obese patients with childhood craniopharyngioma and increased daytime sleepiness","volume":"17","author":"Muller","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control CCC"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.87.8.3993","article-title":"Melatonin secretion and increased daytime sleepiness in childhood craniopharyngioma patients","volume":"87","author":"Muller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2672","article-title":"Reductions in basal metabolic rate and physical activity contribute to hypothalamic obesity","volume":"93","author":"Shaikh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.862817","article-title":"Resting energy expenditure and body composition in children and adolescents with genetic, hypothalamic, medication-induced or multifactorial severe obesity","volume":"13","author":"Abawi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2015-0167","article-title":"Comparison of energy expenditure, body composition, metabolic disorders, and energy intake between obese children with a history of craniopharyngioma and children with multifactorial obesity","volume":"28","author":"Bomer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab JPEM"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-22-0276","article-title":"Resting energy expenditure in children at risk of hypothalamic dysfunction","volume":"11","author":"Van Schaik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.05.028","article-title":"Feasibility, safety, and efficacy of dietary or lifestyle interventions for hypothalamic obesity: A systematic review","volume":"43","author":"Van Roessel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1159\/000495851","article-title":"Treatment of hypothalamic obesity with dextroamphetamine: A case series","volume":"12","author":"Denzer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13910","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study of a fixed-dose combination of phentermine\/topiramate in adolescents with obesity","volume":"22","author":"Hsia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.845937","article-title":"Dextroamphetamine treatment in children with hypothalamic obesity","volume":"13","author":"van Schaik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/417949","article-title":"Hypothalamic obesity following craniopharyngioma surgery: Results of a pilot trial of combined diazoxide and metformin therapy","volume":"2011","author":"Hamilton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1530\/eje-21-0972","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of Tesomet for weight loss in hypothalamic obesity","volume":"186","author":"Huynh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2025.102018","article-title":"The management of hypothalamic obesity in craniopharyngioma","volume":"39","author":"Dimitri","year":"2025","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2206038","article-title":"Tirzepatide once weekly for the treatment of obesity","volume":"387","author":"Jastreboff","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa2032183","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"384","author":"Wilding","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15802","article-title":"Effect of oral semaglutide on energy intake, appetite, control of eating and gastric emptying in adults living with obesity: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Gabe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvae200","article-title":"Treatment of hypothalamic obesity with GLP-1 analogs","volume":"9","author":"Dimitri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Endocr Soc"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.90.p369","article-title":"Impact of exenatide on weight loss and eating behavior in adults with craniopharyngioma-related obesity: the CRANIOEXE randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"190","author":"Gatta-Cherifi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14224","article-title":"A phase 3 randomized clinical trial using a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist in adolescents and young adults with hypothalamic obesity","volume":"23","author":"Roth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70216","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists in craniopharyngioma patients with obesity: A multicentre real-world study","volume":"28","author":"Lambert","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-024-01429-5","article-title":"Semaglutide treatment of hypothalamic obesity - a real-life data study","volume":"27","author":"Svendstrup","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ey.19.11.14","article-title":"Energy balance in hypothalamic obesity in response to treatment with a once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist","volume":"46","author":"Shoemaker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Obes (Lond)"},{"key":"B143","year":"2024","journal-title":"IMCIVREE\u00ae (setmelanotide) [US package insert]"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1730786","article-title":"Setmelanotide-mediated MC4R activation improves hypothalamic obesity via CaMKK2\/AMPK pathways","volume":"16","author":"Peng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(24)00087-1","article-title":"Setmelanotide for the treatment of acquired hypothalamic obesity: a phase 2, open-label, multicentre trial","volume":"12","author":"Roth","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B146","unstructured":"Rhythm Pharmaceuticals announces pivotal phase 3 transcend trial"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.24287","article-title":"Improving the diagnosis of hyperphagia in melanocortin-4 receptor pathway diseases","volume":"33","author":"Abuzzahab","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes (Silver Spring)"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/t54235-000","article-title":"Validation of a new measure of quality of life in obesity trials: Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite Clinical Trials Version","volume":"9","author":"Kolotkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Obes"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-11-0158","article-title":"Post-operative hypothalamic lesions and obesity in childhood craniopharyngioma: results of the multinational prospective trial KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2000 after 3-year follow-up","volume":"165","author":"Muller","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol \/ Eur Fed Endocrine Societies"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/endoabs.32.p885","article-title":"Xanthogranuloma, Rathke's cyst, and childhood craniopharyngioma: results of prospective multinational studies of children and adolescents with rare sellar malformations","volume":"97","author":"Muller","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-026-04308-8","article-title":"Evolution of surgical management and functional outcomes of craniopharyngiomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Valeri","year":"2026","journal-title":"Neurosurgical Rev"},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0035-1547659","article-title":"Childhood craniopharyngioma - changes of treatment strategies in the trials KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2000\/2007","volume":"226","author":"Hoffmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Klinische Padiatrie"},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.05.038","article-title":"Quality of life in craniopharyngioma: a systematic review","volume":"164","author":"Castle-Kirszbaum","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124648","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0046-1819330","article-title":"Surgical approaches to the hypothalamus: a systematic review of anatomical corridors and postoperative outcomes","volume":"205","author":"Al-Juboori","year":"2026","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ec-16-0028","article-title":"Bridging the gap: metabolic and endocrine care of patients during transition","volume":"5","author":"Hokken-Koelega","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Connect"},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357783","article-title":"Patterns of care for craniopharyngioma: survey of members of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons","volume":"49","author":"Hankinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurosurg"},{"key":"B157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2012.11.019","article-title":"A role for centers of excellence in transsphenoidal surgery","volume":"80","author":"Schwartz","year":"2013","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"B158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-017-0838-2","article-title":"Criteria for the definition of pituitary tumor centers of excellence (PTCOE): A pituitary society statement","volume":"20","author":"Casanueva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-018-0883-5","article-title":"Low concordance between surgical and radiological assessment of degree of resection and treatment-related hypothalamic damage: results of KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2007","volume":"21","author":"Muller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nou067","article-title":"Craniopharyngioma - what's next","volume":"28","author":"Muller","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pituitary"},{"key":"B161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-025-02280-z","article-title":"Current and future pharmacological interventions for acquired hypothalamic obesity","volume":"86","author":"Roth","year":"2026","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1307889","article-title":"Could setmelanotide be the game-changer for acquired hypothalamic obesity","volume":"14","author":"van Santen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1768254\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T04:39:49Z","timestamp":1780634389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1768254\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"references-count":162,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2026.1768254"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1768254","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]]},"article-number":"1768254"}}