{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:47:05Z","timestamp":1776919625114,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine if hyperuricemia be a metabolic response to prevent brain injury in high-altitude adaption in Tibet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross-sectional study enrolled 3 ethnics of males (18\u201335 yo) from 3 ascending altitudes (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a01133). Metabolic and brain injury biomarkers were compared among the 3 ethnics, and between the normal (NUA) and high serum uric acid (HUA) groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum UA levels were simultaneously increased with altitudes in the 3 ethnics (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001), higher in the Hans and Minority than in the Tibetans (both:\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001). Exclusively in the Hans, xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) activity was increased (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001) whereas fractional excretion of UA was decreased (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001) with altitudes, meanwhile, HOMA-IR (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001) and HOMA-\u03b2 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.017) were invariably reduced, and GLP-1(1-37a) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.0001) was consistently elevated with the altitudes. Beneficially, arteriosclerosis index was elevated with the altitudes in both the Tibetans and the Minorities rather than in the Hans. The level of pan-axonal marker, PGP 9.5, was elevated with altitudes only in the Hans (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.007), by contrast, the astrocyte marker GFAP were elevated in both the Tibetans (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.0003) and the Minorities (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.038) but not in the Hans (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.13). In comparison of HUA with NUA, while the Hans in shorter stay Lhasa-Yumai showed higher XOR, HOMA-IR, GLP-1(1-37a) and PGP 9.5 levels, PGP9.5 was lower in the Hans in longer stay Lhasa-Tolun; yet both neural biomarkers were elevated in the Tibetans of Lhasa, and tended to decline in Naqu.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hyperuricemia may follow distinctive neuroendocrine mechanism among the 3 ethnics to protect the brain from oxidative stress in Tibet.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1776220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T04:22:08Z","timestamp":1776918128000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hyperuricemia was associated with metabolic response against brain injury instead of metabolism syndrome in Tibet: a cross-sectional analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xue-Wen","family":"Ren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, First Medical Center of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiu-Ying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Outpatient Department of the 54th Cadres\u2019 Recuperation Center","place":["Beijing Military Region, Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Medicine, First Medical Center of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Wei","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Innovation Study, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Xin","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, First Medical Center of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing-Lei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, First Medical Center of Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing-Hong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Innovation Study, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Chinese People\u2019s Liberation Army General Hospital","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1229659","article-title":"Distinctive biochemistry profiles associated with hyperuricemia between Tibetans and Hans in China","volume":"14","author":"Ren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2023.0056","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia among young and middle-aged Tibetan men living at ultrahigh altitudes: A cross-sectional 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