{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T13:17:14Z","timestamp":1783948634993,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is associated with cardiovascular disease risk, but its role in identifying subclinical myocardial dysfunction and predicting heart failure (HF) in asymptomatic adults remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the association between TyG index and left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS), define a threshold for subclinical left ventricular dysfunction (SLVD), and evaluate its link to incident HF hospitalization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective cohort study included, 4,784 asymptomatic adults aged 18\u201386 years from a Taiwan community and health check-up cohort without lipid-lowering therapy were included. SLVD was defined as GLS \u2265\u201318%. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses examined the relationship between TyG index, SLVD, and HF risk with covariates adjustment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A TyG index \u22658.64 optimally discriminated individuals with SLVD, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.70. The prevalence of SLVD was 4.9% (130\/2,656) among those with a normal TyG index and 12.9% (268\/2,067) among those with an elevated TyG index. An elevated TyG index was independently associated with SLVD [odds ratio 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25\u20132.09], with stronger associations in those with stage B HF or cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. The proportion of individuals with an elevated TyG index increased markedly across CKM stages, from 3.5% (23\/665) at stage 0 to 14.9% (148\/991) at stage 1, 62.6% (1,849\/2,955) at stage 2, and 42.0% (47\/112) at stage 3. Over a median follow-up of 7.43 years, 61 participants experienced HF hospitalization. Individuals with both SLVD and a high TyG index had a substantially higher risk of HF hospitalization (hazard ratio 7.26; 95% CI: 3.44\u201315.35) compared with those without either condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TyG index is a simple, accessible marker for early myocardial dysfunction and future HF risk, particularly when combined with SLVD or early-stage HF.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1783741","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T04:29:26Z","timestamp":1778560166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Triglyceride-glucose index and subclinical left ventricular dysfunction across cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages: a 7-year retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kun-Zhe","family":"Tsai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology of Periodontology, Mackay Memorial Hospital","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical University","place":["New Taipei City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gen-Min","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General Hospital","place":["Hualien, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical University","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunho","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Radiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuotzu","family":"Sung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles Jia-Yin","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-I","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical University","place":["New Taipei City, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nguyen Ngoc Khoi","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University","place":["Taipei City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung-Lieh","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital","place":["Taipei, Taiwan"]},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical University","place":["New Taipei City, Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000001184","article-title":"Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association","volume":"148","author":"Ndumele","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nefroe.2024.11.011","article-title":"Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome definition and its role in the prevention, risk staging, and treatment. 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