{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T05:14:23Z","timestamp":1778130863949,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To compare the euploidy rate between ovulation suppression protocols using PPOS and GnRH-ant, and to evaluate possible variables associated with euploidy rate such as age, BMI, infertility duration, treatment-related factors, and semen parameters, in a genetically admixed Brazilian population underrepresented in reproductive medicine research.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n \n This was a retrospective non-inferiority case-control study including 268 IVF cycles, conducted between 2021 and 2022. Subjects: A total of 268\n in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n fertilization (IVF) cycles were included, all with indication for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A), of which 64.5% (n = 173) were included in the PPOS group, and 35.5% (n = 95) in the GnRH-ant group. A statistical power of 85% was achieved for the primary outcome.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Exposure<\/jats:title>\n Patients underwent controlled ovarian stimulation using either progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) or GnRH antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocols.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Main outcome measures<\/jats:title>\n The primary outcome was the euploidy rate in PPOS and GnRH-ant groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n No significant differences were observed in euploidy rate between the PPOS and GnRH-ant groups (25.9% vs. 27.5%; p = 0.865; r = 0.01). In the adjusted analysis, stimulation protocol was not significantly associated with euploidy rate (coefficient = 3.38; 95% CI: -14.26 to 16.03), whereas maternal age remained significantly and negatively associated with the outcome (coefficient = -7.83; 95% CI: -11.85 to -3.81). Fertilization rate was higher in the GnRH-ant group (p = 0.004), but this did not affect embryo formation or euploidy outcomes. Paternal age and semen parameters were not significantly associated with euploidy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n According to the prespecified criterion, PPOS met the formal criterion for non-inferiority in relation to GnRH-ant regarding euploidy rate, although with limited margin. These findings support PPOS as a viable option in freeze-all\/PGT-A cycles, but they should be interpreted with caution given the retrospective design and baseline differences between groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1788942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T04:52:40Z","timestamp":1778129560000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of euploidy rates between progestin-primed ovarian stimulation and GnRH antagonist protocols: a single-center study in a mixed-ethnicity population"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Caroline","family":"Ingold","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ideia Fertil, Centro Universit\u00e1rio FMABC","place":["Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna Giovacchini","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ideia Fertil, Centro Universit\u00e1rio FMABC","place":["Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caio Parente","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ideia Fertil, Centro Universit\u00e1rio FMABC","place":["Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renato","family":"De Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Ideia Fertil, Centro Universit\u00e1rio FMABC","place":["Santo Andr\u00e9, SP, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2006.08.002","article-title":"GnRH agonists vs antagonists","volume":"21","author":"Tarlatzis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.01.028","article-title":"Administration of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist during the 3 days before the initiation of the in vitro fertilization\/intracytoplasmic sperm injection treatment cycle: impact on ovarian stimulation. 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