{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:53:48Z","timestamp":1776401628440,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and clinically important arrhythmia in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). Thyroid dysfunction influences atrial electrophysiology and remodeling; however, its association with AF in HOCM remains poorly defined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively analyzed 755 consecutive patients with HOCM (mean age 48.65 \u00b1 14.12 years; 60.0% male) from three tertiary centers (2019\u20132024). Patients were categorized by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels as &amp;lt;0.55, 0.55\u20132.49 (reference), 2.50\u20139.99, and \u226510.00 mIU\/L. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline analyses were performed. Supplementary Cox proportional hazards regression was performed as a sensitivity analysis using exact event timing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>During 12-month follow-up, 107 patients developed incident AF (cumulative incidence, 14.2%). After multivariable adjustment, elevated TSH was independently associated with AF (TSH 2.50\u20139.99 mIU\/L: OR 1.981, 95% CI 1.126\u20133.512; TSH \u226510.00 mIU\/L: OR 4.306, 95% CI 1.061\u201317.485). Supplementary Cox regression yielded consistent results (TSH 2.50\u20139.99 mIU\/L: HR 1.824, 95% CI 1.087\u20133.061; TSH \u226510.00 mIU\/L: HR 3.685, 95% CI 1.018\u201313.337). Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a U-shaped association between TSH and AF risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this multicenter retrospective cohort of patients with HOCM, both subclinical and overt hypothyroidism were associated with a higher risk of incident AF. Our findings indicate that thyroid function status may be associated with AF risk and could potentially contribute to risk stratification; prospective interventional studies are warranted to determine whether thyroid optimization can reduce AF risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1801303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:13:00Z","timestamp":1776399180000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Thyroid dysfunction and risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a multicenter cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Weijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital","place":["Zhengzhou, Henan, 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Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","place":["Hong Kong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Graduate School of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zongyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Graduate School of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Honghou","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Graduate School of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhuchang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University; Graduate School of Hebei Medical University","place":["Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengsong","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiaonan","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, National Key Clinical Construction Specialty, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Arrhythmia, Cardiac and Vascular Center, The University of Hong Kong\u2013Shenzhen Hospital","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, National Key Clinical Construction Specialty, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University","place":["Luzhou, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College","place":["Beijing, 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