{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:24:32Z","timestamp":1786944272761,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This research explored the laboratory indicators and derived indicators of patients with asteroid hyalosis (AH) in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR), calculated the TyG index and systemic immune-inflammatory (SII) index, so as to identify the systemic pathogenic factors of AH in DR patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data were gained from patients who underwent vitrectomy for proliferative DR (PDR) in Hebei Eye Hospital. Depending on the presence or absence of AH, these participants were classified into the AH group (n = 45; 27 males, 18 females) and the non-AH group (n = 90; 48 males, 42 females). The laboratory indicators, TyG index, and SII index were compared between the two groups. A statistical analysis was implemented on their age, gender, laboratory indicators, TyG index, and SII index.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The patients in the AH group exhibited remarkably higher cholesterol (4.85\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 4.09 mmol\/L), low-density lipoprotein (2.67\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 2.23 mmol\/L), triglyceride (1.75\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 1.31 mmol\/L), TyG index (9.14\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 8.77), and fasting blood glucose (6.95\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 5.82 mmol\/L) levels than the patients of the non-AH group (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.05); also, the SII index (524.62\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 413.66), neutrophils (4.03\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 3.45 \u00d7 10^9\/L), and platelets (256.00\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 222.00 \u00d7 10 ^ 9\/L) significantly differed between groups (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.05). However, the two groups displayed no statistically significant difference in other indicators, including white blood cells, monocytes, and glycosylated hemoglobin (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The abnormal lipid metabolism, inflammatory activation, and poor glycemic control in patients with AH are more pronounced than in DR patients without AH. Cerebral infarction and AH share overlapping systemic pathological mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1804058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T04:33:54Z","timestamp":1786941234000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Combined TyG index and systemic inflammation indices as predictors for asteroid hyalosis: a hospital-based cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Hanying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Ophthalmology Key Lab, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai","place":["Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Ophthalmology Key Lab, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai","place":["Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peipei","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Ophthalmology Key Lab, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai","place":["Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengfei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Ophthalmology Key Lab, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai","place":["Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Ophthalmology Key Lab, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai","place":["Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaolu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hebei Ophthalmology Key Lab, Hebei Eye Hospital, No. 399, Quanbei East Street, Xingtai","place":["Hebei, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2018.1551497","article-title":"Role of OCT angiography in the detection of retinal vascular and macular abnormalities in subjects with asteroid hyalosis","volume":"34","author":"Rani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1255656","article-title":"Interaction between triglyceride-glucose index and thyroid hormones on coronary artery disease risk in patient with euthyroid","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1245199","article-title":"Association between systemic immune-inflammation index and diabetes: a population-based study from the NHANES","volume":"14","author":"Nie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-022-02214-z","article-title":"Prevalence of asteroid hyalosis and systemic risk factors in United States adults","volume":"37","author":"Duong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/opth.s389111","article-title":"Asteroid hyalosis: an update on prevalence, risk factors, emerging clinical impact and management strategies","volume":"17","author":"Duong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02586-6","article-title":"Prevalence and associations of asteroid hyalosis: the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9394(14)72311-6","article-title":"Prevalence and association of asteroid hyalosis with systemic diseases","volume":"111","author":"Bergren","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/Archoft.123.4.486","article-title":"Asteroid hyalosis in an autopsy population: The University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) experience","volume":"123","author":"Fawzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.21","article-title":"Adult vitreous structure and postnatal changes","volume":"22","author":"Le Goff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9010007","article-title":"Vitreous antioxidants, degeneration, and vitreo-retinopathy: exploring the links","author":"Ankamah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.35","article-title":"Asteroid hyalosis: pathogenesis and prospects for prevention","volume":"22","author":"Kador","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1350-9462(99)00016-6","article-title":"Structural macromolecules and supramolecular organisation of the vitreous gel","volume":"19","author":"Bishop","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"B13","article-title":"Structure of asteroid bodies in the vitreous of galactose-fed dogs","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13030495","article-title":"The U-shape relationship between triglyceride-glucose index and the risk of diabetic retinopathy among the US population","volume":"13","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Personalized Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2024.08.026","article-title":"Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index: a promising biomarker for diagnosis and treatment of different diseases","volume":"131","author":"Sun","year":"2025","journal-title":"Eur J Internal Med"},{"key":"B16","article-title":"Correlation between vitreous advanced glycation end products, and D-dimer with blood HbA1c levels in proliferative diabetic retinopathy","volume":"50","author":"Loho","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Med Indones"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13065-021-00763-0","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid-lipid binding","volume":"15","author":"Ewurum","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Chem"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688609015113","article-title":"Fatty acid composition and arachidonic acid metabolism in vitreous lipids from canine and human eyes","volume":"5","author":"Reddy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Curr Eye Res"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-1901-7_8","article-title":"Degenerative conditions of the vitreous","author":"Weiter","year":"1987","journal-title":"Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5348\/100033z17ta2022ci","article-title":"Acute vision loss related to asteroid hyalosis","volume":"5","author":"Andersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Case Rep Images Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/iae.0b013e318185ea3c","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for asteroid hyalosis in Seoul, Korea","volume":"28","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126859","article-title":"Increased expression of angiogenic and inflammatory proteins in the vitreous of patients with ischemic central retinal vein occlusion","volume":"10","author":"Ehlken","year":"2015","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.02.008","article-title":"Intraocular oxygen and antioxidant status: new insights on the effect of vitrectomy and glaucoma pathogenesis","volume":"203","author":"Siegfried","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-024-02129-x","article-title":"Prognostic implications of systemic immune-inflammation index in myocardial infarction patients with and without diabetes: insights from the NOAFCAMI-SH registry","volume":"23","author":"Luo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"B25","article-title":"Asteroid hyalosis","volume-title":"Statpearls","author":"Mishra","year":"2026"},{"key":"B26","article-title":"Light damage induces inflammatory factors in mouse retina and vitreous humor","volume":"29","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol Vis"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox14070841","article-title":"Oxidative stress and complement activation in aqueous cells and vitreous from patient with vitreoretinal diseases: comparison between diabetic ERM and PDR","volume":"14","author":"Dinice","year":"2025","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"B28","article-title":"The significance of complement in proliferative vitreoretinopathy","volume":"32","author":"Grisanti","year":"1991","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/strokeaha.113.001741","article-title":"Microvascular structure and network in the retina of patients with ischemic stroke","volume":"44","author":"Ong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-022-02586-6","article-title":"Prevalence and associations of asteroid hyalosis: the Beijing Eye Study","volume":"22","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1804058\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T04:34:01Z","timestamp":1786941241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1804058\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2026.1804058"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1804058","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"article-number":"1804058"}}