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Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>The high stability and bioaccumulation potential of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have led to their widespread environmental presence and raised concerns about human health exposure through multiple pathways. In particular, PFAS exposure during assisted reproductive technology (ART) has attracted increasing attention from the scientific community. Current evidence indicates that PFAS may be associated with diminished fertility, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and impaired fetal health, although the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated. Emerging studies suggest that these effects may arise from multi-level disruptions of the reproductive system, including interference with hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis regulation, steroidogenesis, gamete quality, oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling, as well as compromised endometrial receptivity and placental function. This review synthesizes and analyzes existing research to explore the impact of PFAS on reproductive outcomes following ART. It highlights potential risks to reproductive health and offers updated perspectives for researchers and public health policymakers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1808266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T04:28:18Z","timestamp":1778732898000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PFAS exposure and reproductive dysfunction: implications for outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Shu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Immunology, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Jie","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine","place":["Shanghai, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong","place":["Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiang-Feng","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research","place":["Singapore, 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