{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:54:56Z","timestamp":1792533296422,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In order to investigate the incidence rate of post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) patients and identify the risk factors, we conducted a systematic review of studies published after 2014.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, as well as Web of Science were comprehensively retrieved until June 24, 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Selection of studies<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extracted data via EndNote reference management software and evaluated the risk of bias through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data extraction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Statistical analyses were enabled by STATA 15. Heterogeneity was evaluated through the Q test \u3001the I\u00b2 statistic sensitivity and subgroup analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data summary<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>26 studies from 15 countries involving 8, 727 participants were encompassed. The overall incidence of PTDM was 20%. Meta-analysis revealed that advanced age (&amp;gt;50), hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, polycystic kidney disease, high body mass index (BMI), high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), hypertriglyceridemia, as well as hypercholesterolemia were significantly related to elevated risk of PTDM (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Meta-analysis of case-control studies further confirmed that advanced age (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.07, 95% CI: 1.04-1.09), high BMI (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.23, 95% CI: 1.08-1.39), and hypertriglyceridemia (OR\u00a0=\u00a01.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02) were significant risk factors. Cohort studies additionally identified advanced age, high BMI, high FPG, family history of diabetes, hypertriglyceridemia, and HCV infection as significant risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of PTDM after kidney transplantation is approximately 20%. Advanced age, high BMI, family history of diabetes, high FPG, hypertriglyceridemia, and HCV infection are significant risk factors. Among these, BMI, glucose, lipid abnormalities, and HCV infection are modifiable.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/prospero\/<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD42024585070.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1838424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T06:06:10Z","timestamp":1779689170000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Incidence and risk factors of post-transplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ni","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuli","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Management Center, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuhong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Veterans\u2019 Ward, The First Veterans Hospital Of Sichuan Province","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, The Third People\u2019s Hospital of Chengdu","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.MESOT2023.P25","article-title":"Frequency of complications after kidney transplant in the early postoperative period","volume":"22","author":"Khadjibaev","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2234971","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.34971","article-title":"Survival benefit of first single-organ deceased donor kidney transplantation compared with long-term dialysis across ages in transplant-eligible patients with kidney failure","volume":"5","author":"Strohmaier","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"B3","article-title":"Surgical complications of renal transplantation","volume-title":"Understanding the complexities of kidney transplantation","author":"Cassini","year":"2011"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"iii203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2014.05.057","article-title":"Early histopathological changes in new onset diabetes after kidney transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Borda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nephrol Dialysis Transplant"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2014.0090","article-title":"Effect of pretransplant hepatitis C virus on the development of new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplant in Egyptian living-donor renal allotransplant recipients at mansoura urology and nephrology center","volume":"13","author":"Abbas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.13317","article-title":"Risk factors for new\u2010onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"12","author":"Xia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Diabetes Invest"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2015-1084","article-title":"Post-transplant diabetes mellitus: Causes, treatment, and impact on outcomes","volume":"37","author":"Larsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34067\/kid.0000862021","article-title":"Post-transplant diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients: A multicenter study","volume":"2","author":"Malik","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney360"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcdhc.2024.1336896","article-title":"Post-transplant diabetes mellitus: Risk factors and outcomes in a 5-year follow-up","volume":"5","author":"Rossi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Clin Diabetes Healthcare"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.239641","article-title":"New-onset diabetes after transplantation among renal transplant recipients at a new transplant center; King Fahad Specialist Hospital-Dammam, Saudi Arabia","volume":"29","author":"Abdulrahman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplantation: Off Publ Saudi Center For Organ Transplantation Saudi Arabia"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1007\/s13300-020-00790-5","article-title":"Post-transplantation diabetes mellitus","volume":"11","author":"Ahmed","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Ther"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.MESOT2021.P56","article-title":"New-onset diabetes as a complication after kidney:transplant_ incidence and outcomes.pdf>","volume":"20","author":"Ouni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transpl"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.tond-tdtd2019.o8","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors for posttransplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: Single-center experience","volume":"18","author":"Kirnap","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-024-03770-y","article-title":"Effect of post-transplant diabetes mellitus on cardiovascular events and mortality: a single\u2010center retrospective cohort study","volume":"85","author":"\u00dcnl\u00fct\u00fcrk","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/aot.943282","article-title":"Does antibiotic use increase the risk of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus? A retrospective study of renal transplant patients","volume":"29","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5195\/jmla.2018.345","article-title":"The impact of patient, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) as a search strategy tool on literature search quality: a systematic review","volume":"106","author":"Eriksen","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Library Assoc"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12850","article-title":"Proceedings from an international consensus meeting on posttransplantation diabetes mellitus: Recommendations and future directions","volume":"14","author":"Sharif","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.tp.0000440950.22133.a1","article-title":"Relation between pretransplant magnesemia and the risk of new onset diabetes after transplantation within the first year of kidney transplantation","volume":"97","author":"Augusto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2013.07.076","article-title":"Hyperparathyroidism and new onset diabetes after renal transplantation","volume":"46","author":"Ivarsson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/AOT.892067","article-title":"Waist circumference as an independent risk factor for NODAT","volume":"20","author":"Dedinsk\u00e1","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1319-2442.194603","article-title":"New-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation: Incidence, risk factors, and outcomes","volume":"27","author":"Aleid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplantation: Off Publ Saudi Center For Organ Transplantation Saudi Arabia"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2015.0230","article-title":"Predictability and risk factors for development of new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus after transplant in the Saudi population","volume":"14","author":"Alshamsi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B24","article-title":"The incidence and risk factors for new-onset diabetes after transplantation in kidney allograft recipients","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Med"},{"key":"B25","article-title":"Correlation between CMV infection and post-transplantation new-onset diabetes mellitus","volume":"7","author":"Dedinsk\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Organ Transplant Med"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2016.09.041","article-title":"Incidence of diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation in Slovakia: Multicentric, prospective analysis","volume":"48","author":"Dedinsk\u00e1","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B27","article-title":"Incidences of-and risk factor for new onset diabetes after transplantation in live donor kidney transplantation: A prospective single centre study","volume":"8","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1177\/1526924816633949","article-title":"New-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation and pretransplant hypomagnesemia","volume":"26","author":"Sinangil","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prog Transplant (Aliso Viejo Calif)"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijot.ijot_2_18","article-title":"Incidence and associated risk factors of new-onset diabetes mellitus after transplantation in renal transplant recipients: A retrospective single-center study in Nepal","volume":"12","author":"Agrawal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Transplant"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijem.ijem_121_18","article-title":"An observational prospective study to evaluate the preoperative risk factors of new-onset diabetes mellitus after renal transplantation in a tertiary care centre in Eastern India","volume":"22","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2019.03.007","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in the context of new-onset diabetes after renal transplant: A single-center experience","volume":"51","author":"Bir\u00f3","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.2147\/tcrm.s190185","article-title":"Pretransplant metabolic syndrome and its components predict post-transplantation diabetes mellitus in Chinese patients receiving a first renal transplant","volume":"15","author":"Cai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2019.10.14","article-title":"OGTT 2-hour serum C-peptide index as a predictor of post-transplant diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"7","author":"Lai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Trans Med"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2019.02.054","article-title":"Incidence of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus within 1 year after kidney transplantation and related factors in Korean cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Paek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-019-02112-6","article-title":"Risk factors and long-term consequences of new-onset diabetes after renal transplantation","volume":"189","author":"Tomkins","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ir J Med Sci"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2020.05.014","article-title":"Evaluation of tacrolimus trough level in patients who developed post-transplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: A retrospective single-center study in Saudi Arabia","volume":"52","author":"Ajabnoor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfz145","article-title":"Serum magnesium, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1\u03b2 genotype and post-transplant diabetes mellitus: a prospective study","volume":"35","author":"van der Burgh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-93898\/v1","article-title":"Association between preoperative lipid profiles and new-onset diabetes after transplantation in Chinese kidney transplant recipients: A retrospective cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Ye","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2022.05.013","article-title":"Analysis of risk factors and establishment of a risk prediction model for post-transplant diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03374-y","article-title":"Postoperative fasting plasma glucose and family history diabetes mellitus can predict post-transplantation diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.15204","article-title":"Pancreatic steatosis is an independent risk factor for post-transplant diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant patients","volume":"38","author":"Hasbal","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B42","article-title":"New onset of diabetes mellitus in Indian renal transplant recipient-a retrospective study","volume":"7","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.v1191735","article-title":"Explained and unexplained ischemic heart disease risk after renal transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Bertram","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2013.11.141","article-title":"Association between use of FK506 and prevalence of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant patients","volume":"46","author":"Weng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2015.0295","article-title":"Consequences of recipient obesity on postoperative outcomes in a renal transplant a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Sood","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-015-0340-5","article-title":"Body mass index and outcome in renal transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Lafranca","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2022.10.058","article-title":"Pretransplant BMI should be <25 in Japanese kidney transplant recipients: A single-center experience","volume":"55","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2013.11.002","article-title":"Body mass index and the development of new-onset diabetes mellitus or the worsening of pre-existing diabetes mellitus in adult kidney transplant patients","volume":"24","author":"Cullen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Renal Nutr"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54817\/ic.v64n4a03","article-title":"Influencing factors of post-transplantation diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant recipients and establishment of a risk prediction model","volume":"64","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Investigacion Clinica (Venezuela)"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1600-6143.2003.00372.x","article-title":"New onset diabetes mellitus in patients receiving calcineurin inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Heisel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci200525102","article-title":"Inflammation, stress, and diabetes","volume":"115","author":"Wellen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.3.327","article-title":"C-reactive protein, interleukin 6, and risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"286","author":"Pradhan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Jama"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2005.03.085","article-title":"Is there a simple way to identify insulin-resistant individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular disease","volume":"96","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00592-024-02253-w","article-title":"Prevalence of new-onset diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"61","author":"Du","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Diabetologica"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v9.i7.132","article-title":"New-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation: incidence and associated factors","volume":"9","author":"Gomes","year":"2018","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57030250","article-title":"New-onset diabetes after kidney transplantation","volume":"57","author":"Ponticelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med (Kaunas)"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.15575","article-title":"An update review of post-transplant diabetes mellitus: concept, risk factors, clinical implications and management","volume":"26","author":"Kanbay","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21613","article-title":"Extrahepatic hepatitis C virus after transplantation: diabetes and renal dysfunction","volume":"14","author":"Sabharwal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver Transplant"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52-8","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v5.i1.52","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection and insulin resistance","volume":"5","author":"Bose","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Diabetes"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.4.940","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection and human pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction","volume":"28","author":"Masini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1-8","DOI":"10.1097\/txd.0000000000000989","article-title":"Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is a risk factor for posttransplantation diabetes mellitus: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Culliford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transplant Direct"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.01749.x","article-title":"Results of an international, randomized trial comparing glucose metabolism disorders and outcome with cyclosporine versus tacrolimus","volume":"7","author":"Vincenti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.546","article-title":"Calcineurin inhibitors: pharmacologic mechanisms impacting both insulin resistance and insulin secretion leading to glucose dysregulation and diabetes mellitus","volume":"101","author":"Chakkera","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/pgpm.s337947","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms affecting tacrolimus metabolism and the relationship to post-transplant outcomes in kidney transplant recipients","volume":"14","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pharmgenomics Pers Med"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0137-7","article-title":"Post-transplant diabetes mellitus in patients with solid organ transplants","volume":"15","author":"Jenssen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-022-00683-6","article-title":"Fresh insights into glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus and new therapeutic directions","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1838424\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T06:06:13Z","timestamp":1779689173000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1838424\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2026.1838424"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1838424","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"article-number":"1838424"}}