{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:25:35Z","timestamp":1787030735468,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to systematically analyze the association of the dietary inflammatory index (DII) with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) status, thus offering evidence-based support for dietary interventions in the management of PCOS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four databases were systematically searched to collect case-control studies on DII and PCOS published up to December 21, 2025. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was utilized to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Using Stata 15.0, we conducted a meta-analysis to compare DII scores in PCOS patients versus those in healthy controls. Subgroup analyses were conducted to identify sources of heterogeneity. An exploratory meta-regression was conducted, but due to the small number of studies, the results could not be interpreted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six case-control studies involving 1,554 participants were ultimately included. Meta-analysis revealed slightly but statistically significantly higher DII scores in the PCOS group than in healthy controls (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.06\u20130.40; P = 0.008). Sensitivity analyses suggested robustness of the results. Egger\u2019s test showed no statistical evidence of publication bias (P = 0.611); however, with only six studies the statistical power was very low, so publication bias cannot be excluded, and this analysis should be regarded as exploratory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pro-inflammatory dietary patterns are modestly associated with PCOS. Although causality inference is impossible due to the design of included studies, existing evidence supports DII as a potential tool for estimating PCOS status associated with diet. The small effect size observed in this study indicates a significant association between DII and PCOS. However, statistical association does not necessarily imply practical clinical relevance, and further studies are warranted to replicate and validate this relationship.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic Review Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/1239576<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier CRD420251239576.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1843644","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:28:50Z","timestamp":1787027330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between dietary inflammatory index and polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis of case-control 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