{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T05:05:22Z","timestamp":1789707922125,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Whether adjunctive recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) improves near-final adult height (NFAH) during gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) therapy for central precocious puberty (CPP) remains uncertain, and predicted adult height (PAH) may reflect treatment selection and prognosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed a single-center retrospective cohort of 235 children with CPP who initiated GnRHa between January 2018 and December 2020. The primary endpoint was chart-recorded NFAH in the female-only maturity-ascertained cohort (n = 91); the criterion-confirmed all-sex set included 94 patients. The primary adjusted model (M2) included treatment, baseline age, body mass index (BMI), IGF-1, BA\u2013CA, and baseline height; baseline bone age was not entered separately because bone age = chronological age + BA\u2013CA. Missing baseline covariates were handled using 20 imputations by chained equations. Height gain and change in height standard deviation score (SDS) from baseline to 24 months were secondary outcomes. Results: Mean NFAH was 160.17\u00a0cm with GnRHa alone and 161.87\u00a0cm with GnRHa + rhGH. The adjusted M2 association was +2.26 cm (95% CI 0.12 to 4.40); the chart-PAH-conditioned M3 estimate was +0.58 cm (\u22121.60 to 2.75) and was treated as diagnostic. At 24 months, M2 estimates were +3.23 cm (2.00 to 4.46) for height gain, +3.24 cm (2.03 to 4.46) in analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of attained height, and +0.46 SDS (0.27 to 0.66). In the criterion-confirmed female bone-age cohort, M2 estimates were +0.00 years (\u22120.27 to 0.27) for bone age at 24 months and \u22120.14 years (\u22120.30 to 0.03) for bone-age progression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adjunctive rhGH was associated with greater growth over 24 months and a positive, imprecisely estimated NFAH difference. Because this was an observational study, ascertainment criteria were heterogeneous, and the NFAH estimate was sensitive to PAH adjustment and criterion restriction, the adult-height finding should be interpreted cautiously.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1885575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T04:33:14Z","timestamp":1789705994000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Near-final adult height after GnRHa plus growth hormone in central precocious puberty: a single-center cohort study and predicted adult height validation audit"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Peili","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duomei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minyan","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs Department, GeneScience Pharmaceuticals","place":["Changchun, Jilin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongwei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiaxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital","place":["Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0800459","article-title":"Clinical practice. 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