{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:32:07Z","timestamp":1786422727266,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluated the therapeutic effects of arginine (Arg) on hyperglycemia, pancreatic \u03b1\/\u03b2 cells integrity, oxidative stress biomarkers, C-telopeptide (CTx), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in a rat model of alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. A total of 36 male Wistar rats, weighing 126.14 \u00b1 3.25\u00a0g and aged 75.47 \u00b1 2.25 days (means \u00b1 SD), were randomly allocated into three equal group: control group (CG), diabetic control group (DCG), and arginine-supplemented diabetic group (Arg-DCG). Arg was administered orally at 400 mg\/kg body weight daily for 28 days following diabetic confirmed. The DCG developed sustained hyperglycemia throughout the study period compared to the CG and Arg-DCG. Regarding oxidative stress, the Arg-DCG showed significant improvements in the antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) compared to the DCG. Conversely, malondialdehyde (MDA) a marker of lipid peroxidation, was significantly higher in the DCG relative to the CG, with only partial attenuation observed in the Arg-DCG. Western blot analysis showed a significant increase in relative CTx band intensity and a significant decrease in relative OPG band intensity in the Arg-DCG compared to DCG. Furthermore, qPCR analysis revealed that OPG gene expression (2^-\u0394\u0394 Ct) was significantly higher in the Arg-DCG compared to the CG (2.03 vs 1.00), but remained lower than that of the DCG (2.03 vs 2.46). Histopathological analysis revealed significant improvements in pancreatic \u03b1\/\u03b2 cell repair in the Arg-DCG compared to the DCG, showcasing better-defined islets, reduced degeneration, and intact acinar tissue, suggesting partial protection from alloxan-induced damage. In conclusion, arginine therapy may effectively alleviate hyperglycemia, preserve pancreatic \u03b1\/\u03b2 cell integrity, and enhance antioxidant defense mechanisms in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1908992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:21:04Z","timestamp":1786422064000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The therapeutic effects of arginine on hyperglycemia, pancreatic \u03b1\/\u03b2 cells, oxidative stress, and bone turnover markers (CTx and OPG) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fatimah A.","family":"Al-Saeed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University","place":["Abha, Saudi 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