{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T05:02:57Z","timestamp":1789448577518,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["406594\/2023-6, 308588\/2025-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["406594\/2023-6, 308588\/2025-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004263","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22\/2551-0000534-9"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22\/2551-0000534-9"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004263","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1911235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T04:26:45Z","timestamp":1789446405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Beauty standards and reproductive health: increasing use of GLP-1 receptor agonists despite limited evidence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Sophia Martins Simon","family":"de Matos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Teratology Information System (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilith Schuler","family":"Faccini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Teratology Information System (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Sales Luiz","family":"Vianna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Teratology Information System (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Rosa","family":"Fraga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Teratology Information System (SIAT), Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]},{"name":"Department of Morphological Science, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)","place":["Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"Obesity: a lesson from the Venus of Willendorf","volume":"1","author":"Greydanus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Child Health Hum Dev"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"Global levels of physical inactivity in adults: off track for 2030\n          \n          \n          Geneva, Switzerland\n          World Health Organization\n          \n          2024"},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2025: addressing high food price inflation for food security and nutrition\n          \n          \n          Rome, Italy\n          Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations\n          \n          2025"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jegh.2017.07.004","article-title":"Assessment of metabolic syndrome in Kashmiri population with type 2 diabetes employing the standard criteria\u2019s given by WHO, NCEPATP III and IDF","volume":"7","author":"Lone","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.191028.001","article-title":"Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes \u2013 global burden of disease and forecasted trends","volume":"10","author":"Khan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Glob Health"},{"key":"B6","article-title":"World Obesity Atlas 2024","year":"2024"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del400","article-title":"Obesity and time to pregnancy","volume":"22","author":"Gesink Law","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.059","article-title":"Association of adolescent obesity and lifetime nulliparity\u2014the Study of Women\u2019s Health Across the Nation (SWAN)","volume":"93","author":"Polotsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertility Sterility"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6743a2","article-title":"Prevalence and changes in preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes among women who had a live birth \u2014 United States, 2012\u20132016","volume":"67","author":"Deputy","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10815-020-01930-3","article-title":"The appraisal of body content (ABC) trial: obesity does not significantly impact gamete production in infertile men and women","volume":"37","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(20)30406-X","article-title":"Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: a 5-year national population-based cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Murphy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69705-5","article-title":"The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes","volume":"368","author":"Drucker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2415550121","article-title":"The discovery and development of GLP-1 based drugs that have revolutionized the treatment of obesity","volume":"121","author":"Friedman","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5817\/CP2021-3-6","article-title":"Social media and eating disorder psychopathology: a systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Pad\u00edn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cyberpsychology"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdi.12466","article-title":"Is GLP-1 a hormone: whether and when","volume":"7","author":"D\u2019Alessio","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Diabetes Invest"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.03.001","article-title":"Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application of glucagon-like peptide-1","volume":"27","author":"Drucker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01931-z","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor: mechanisms and advances in therapy","volume":"9","author":"Zheng","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sig Transduct Target Ther"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00155","article-title":"The discovery and development of liraglutide and semaglutide","volume":"10","author":"Knudsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16172886","article-title":"Subcutaneous semaglutide during breastfeeding: infant safety regarding drug transfer into human milk","volume":"16","author":"Diab","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S391819","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of liraglutide and semaglutide on weight loss in people with obesity or overweight: a systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"CLEP"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"q2440","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.q2440","article-title":"Ozempic babies: are weight loss drugs leading to unintended pregnancies","volume":"388","author":"Nadarajah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br Med J Publishing Group"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12690","article-title":"What is known about the use of weight loss medication in women with overweight\/obesity on fertility and reproductive health outcomes? A scoping review","volume":"14","author":"Maslin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Obes"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13669-023-00350-1","article-title":"Pharmacologic treatment of obesity in reproductive aged women","volume":"12","author":"Nuako","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-022-01746-8","article-title":"Tirzepatide: first approval","volume":"82","author":"Syed","year":"2022","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.japh.2023.10.037","article-title":"The impact of tirzepatide and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on oral hormonal contraception","volume":"64","author":"Skelley","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc (2003)"},{"key":"B26","unstructured":"MOUNJARO (tirzepatide) FDA labeling information\n          \n          \n          \n          2022"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2023.1215356","article-title":"Effects of GLP-1 agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors during pregnancy and lactation on offspring outcomes: a systematic review of the evidence","volume":"14","author":"Muller","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf288","article-title":"Preexisting diabetes and pregnancy: an Endocrine Society and European Society of Endocrinology joint clinical practice guideline","volume":"110","author":"Wyckoff","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjad211","article-title":"Public interest in the off-label use of glucagon-like peptide 1 agonists (Ozempic) for cosmetic weight loss: a Google Trends analysis","volume":"44","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.13841","article-title":"Strategies for minimizing muscle loss during use of incretin-mimetic drugs for treatment of obesity","volume":"26","author":"Mechanick","year":"2025","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"B31","unstructured":"OZEMPIC (semaglutide) FDA labeling information\n          \n          \n          \n          2017"},{"key":"B32","unstructured":"Ozempic (Semaglutide) EMA product information\n          \n          \n          \n          2026"},{"key":"B33","first-page":"147","article-title":"Comparative features of vertebrate embryology","volume-title":"Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology: A Practical Approach","author":"DeSesso","year":"2006"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2025.114836","article-title":"Impact of semaglutide exposure on fetal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women: a systematic review","volume":"317","author":"Mandal","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.16354","article-title":"The safety profile of usage of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in pregnancy: a pharmacovigilance analysis based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System","volume":"91","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2023-083550","article-title":"Use of GLP1 receptor agonists in early pregnancy and reproductive safety: a multicentre, observational, prospective cohort study based on the databases of six Teratology Information Services","volume":"14","author":"Dao","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2023.6663","article-title":"Safety of GLP-1 receptor agonists and other second-line antidiabetics in early pregnancy","volume":"184","author":"Cesta","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm14134789","article-title":"Pregestational diabetes mellitus and adverse perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Gazis","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.15092","article-title":"Semaglutide and pregnancy","volume":"163","author":"Skov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcpt.70021","article-title":"Pregnancy outcomes after semaglutide exposure","volume":"136","author":"Kolding","year":"2025","journal-title":"Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.70699","article-title":"Safety of GLP\u20101 and dual GLP\u20101\/GIP receptor agonists in preconception, pregnancy, and lactation: a systematic review of maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes","volume":"28","author":"Ozbek","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoag015","article-title":"Periconceptional GLP-1 receptor agonist exposure and obstetric outcomes: a Danish nationwide cohort study","volume":"2026","author":"Hviid","year":"2026","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1911235\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T04:26:48Z","timestamp":1789446408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1911235\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fendo.2026.1911235"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2026.1911235","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-2392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-2392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"article-number":"1911235"}}