{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T16:33:22Z","timestamp":1792773202816,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate long-term anthropometric, metabolic, reproductive, and bone mineral density (BMD) outcomes in girls with central precocious puberty (CPP) treated with Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone analogues (GnRHa).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this retrospective cohort with cross-sectional follow-up assessment, 82 of 265 eligible females (30.9%) with central precocious puberty or central hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activation who had received GnRHa participated in long-term evaluation. Anthropometric outcomes, insulin sensitivity indices (HOMA-IR and QUICKI), hormonal profile, BMD, and reproductive outcomes including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) were assessed. Analyses used available cases for each outcome; missing values were not imputed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age at final evaluation was 17.61 \u00b1 4.3 years, and mean GnRHa treatment duration was 3.14 \u00b1 1.9 years. Mean height at final follow-up was 159.85 \u00b1 6.5\u00a0cm; the mean difference from baseline predicted adult height was 1.98\u00a0cm (95% CI, -0.37 to 4.34; P\u00a0=\u00a00.097). The distribution of BMI categories did not change significantly from baseline to final follow-up. Mean HOMA-IR and QUICKI were 3.76 \u00b1 1.82 and 0.319 \u00b1 0.025, respectively; among adults, 14\/28 (50.0%) met each prespecified adult-derived threshold for reduced insulin sensitivity. PCOS was identified in 15\/67 participants (22.4%). Mean lumbar and femoral BMD Z-scores were -0.25 \u00b1 1.23 and -0.55 \u00b1 1.03, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among participants who completed long-term follow-up, attained height was comparable at the group level with predicted adult and mid-parental height, and mean BMD Z-scores were within age- and sex-referenced ranges. PCOS and PCOS-related features were observed, while insulin sensitivity indices were associated with adiposity. Because only 30.9% of eligible patients participated and there was no untreated comparison group, these findings describe the evaluated cohort and should not be interpreted as causal effects of GnRHa treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1911743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T04:31:39Z","timestamp":1791174699000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-term clinical outcomes in females with precocious puberty treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nahla","family":"Khawaja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khalid","family":"Karaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad K.","family":"Ruba\u2019i","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousef","family":"Khader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST)","place":["Irbid, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwa","family":"Kinani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oraib","family":"Farahid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"El-Khateeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman","family":"Abujbara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laith","family":"Hyasat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamel","family":"Ajlouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, The National Center (Institute) for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Genetics, The University of Jordan","place":["Amman, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paed.2007.06.009","article-title":"Precocious 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