{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:58:42Z","timestamp":1790657922209,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Endocrinol."],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The current study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave \u201cNear-Total Ablation\u201d in the treatment of refractory hyperthyroidism, with a particular focus on the postoperative drug-free euthyroidism rate and the incidence of hypothyroidism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 60 patients with refractory hyperthyroidism who met the clinical diagnostic criteria for refractory hyperthyroidism were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent ultrasound-guided microwave \u201cNear-Total Ablation\u201d targeting the bilateral thyroid lobes and isthmus.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 60 enrolled patients, 57 were included in the postoperative follow-up, while 3 were excluded. The postoperative follow-up duration ranged from 6 to 36 months, with a mean of 10.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.6 months. During follow-up, 35 patients achieved hyperthyroidism remission (remission group), with a remission rate of 61.4%, while 22 patients had unrelieved hyperthyroidism (non-remission group), with a non-remission rate of 38.6%. In the remission group, 4 patients with decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and 8 patients with recurrent hyperthyroidism received one session of supplementary ablation. In the non-remission group, 18 patients received one session of supplementary ablation, 3 patients received two sessions, and 1 patient received three sessions. At the final follow-up, the remission rate of hyperthyroidism was 98.2% (56\/57), with a non-remission rate of 1.8% (1\/57). The rate of drug-free euthyroidism was 68.4% (39\/57), and the incidence of hypothyroidism was 29.8% (17\/57). The recurrence rate of hyperthyroidism was 17.5%, and the incidence of major complications was 3.5% (2\/57).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Microwave \u201cNear-Total Ablation\u201d is a safe and effective method for the treatment of refractory hyperthyroidism, with a high postoperative euthyroidism rate and a low incidence of hypothyroidism. This technique is expected to become an alternative to surgical thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2026.1935967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T04:38:30Z","timestamp":1790656710000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided microwave \u201cNear-Total Ablation\u201d for refractory hyperthyroidism: a retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Fenglin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shicong","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyu","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suting","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenwei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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