{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T06:24:24Z","timestamp":1786947864023,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":146,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Fungal Biol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Mycotoxins are increasingly recognised as ecological mediators that act through a bidirectional gut\u2013microbiota axis. Microbial metabolism governs toxin fate by driving detoxification, bioactivation, sequestration and deconjugation, whereas mycotoxin exposure reshapes microbial communities, disrupts epithelial barrier function and amplifies immune signalling. Across aflatoxin B1, ochratoxin A, fumonisin B1, deoxynivalenol and T-2 toxin, the microbiome emerges as both a determinant and a target of toxicity, with strain-level functional diversity influencing susceptibility, detoxification capacity and host outcome. A further consequence of chronic exposure may be selection for pathobionts and antibiotic-resistant populations, raising the possibility that mycotoxins contribute to microbiome instability beyond direct toxic effects. Despite these advances, most evidence remains correlative or model-specific, and causal validation\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    is still limited. Integrating microbiology, metabolomics, epithelial biology and ecological theory is essential to understand these interactions and to better guide microbiome-informed strategies for mycotoxin exposure mitigation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/ffunb.2026.1855881","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:26:22Z","timestamp":1786944382000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mechanistic evidence and assumptions in mycotoxin-gut interaction"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Esther","family":"Garcia-Cela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MycoLab, School of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Hertfordshire","place":["Hatfield, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Marcon Gasperini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin","place":["Belfield, Dublin, Ireland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aninu.2021.11.005","article-title":"Gut microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids are potential mediators in gut inflammation","volume":"8","author":"Akhtar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Anim Nutr."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2025.105577","article-title":"T-2 toxin induces gut and liver injury through triggering gut microbiota dysbiosis","volume":"104","author":"An","year":"2025","journal-title":"Poult Sci."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins12060413","article-title":"Toxicokinetics of hydrolyzed fumonisin B1 after single oral or intravenous bolus to broiler chickens fed a control or a fumonisins-contaminated diet","volume":"12","author":"Antonissen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10061279","article-title":"Mycotoxins affecting animals, foods, humans, and plants: Types, occurrence, toxicities, action mechanisms, prevention, and detoxification strategies\u2014a revisit","volume":"10","author":"Awuchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Foods"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8164","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.2c08076","article-title":"Gut microbiota mediates Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG alleviation of deoxynivalenol-induced anorexia","volume":"71","author":"Bai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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