{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:52:57Z","timestamp":1753890777504,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Genet."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives:<\/jats:bold> The aim of the present study was to describe the computed tomography (CT) characteristics of primary liver carcinosarcoma (PLCS) and to explore the pathological basis for the diagnosis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma sarcoma.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Three male patients with PLCS were included in the present retrospective research, and the age was ranged from 52 to 63 years. The plain CT scan and third-stage enhancement scan were performed on patients. The pathological characteristics were analyzed. Stomachache was the main clinical symptoms of the three patients. Cirrhosis background was confirmed in one patients, and chronic Hepatitis B background was confirmed in other two patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> According to the results of CT, the inner diameter of the tumors ranged from 8.6 to 27.0 cm. The fibrous pseudocapsule around the tumor tissues was observed in two patients. Tumor tissues from all three patients were composed of sarcomatous and carcinomatous components. For carcinomatous components, hepatocellular carcinoma was observed in one patient and cholangiocarcinoma was observed in the other two patients. For sarcomatous components, angiosarcoma was observed in two patients and malignant fibrous histiocytoma was observed in another one patient. The tumor tissues were visualized as heterogeneous low density with large sheets of necrotic cystic lesions or thick-walled areas of multilocular cystic lesions using the plain CT scan. Edge-to-center filling and strengthening lesions, mild to moderate enhanced parenchyma at the arterial phase, and isodensity between the tumor parenchyma and the surrounding liver parenchyma at the portal vein phase or delayed phase were observed using the third-stage enhancement scan.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> CT characteristics observed in the present study were of great benefit for the diagnosis of PLCS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.638636","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T10:27:13Z","timestamp":1623925633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case Report: Review of CT Findings and Histopathological Characteristics of Primary Liver Carcinosarcoma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lu","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijian","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S1499-3872(11)60015-5","article-title":"Primary hepatic carcinosarcoma","volume":"10","author":"Celikbilek","year":"2011","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreat. Dis. Int."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2015.09.007","article-title":"Hepatic carcinosarcoma: evidence of polyclonal origin based on microsatellite analysis","volume":"211","author":"Gu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"B3","first-page":"372","article-title":"An unusual case of hepatic carcinosarcoma","volume":"32","author":"Lai","year":"2011","journal-title":"G. Chir."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213431.07116.e0","article-title":"Primary carcinosarcoma of the liver: clinicopathologic features of 5 cases and a review of the literature","volume":"31","author":"Lao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mric.2010.08.010","article-title":"Tumors of the liver and intrahepatic bile ducts: radiologic-pathologic correlation","volume":"18","author":"Lewis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging Clin. N. A."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e383","DOI":"10.1097\/RLU.0000000000001232","article-title":"Primary liver carcinosarcoma and 18F-FDG PET\/CT","volume":"41","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Nuclear Med."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s40644-018-0141-0","article-title":"Primary carcinosarcoma of the liver: imaging features and clinical findings in six cases and a review of the literature","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Cancer Imaging Off. Publ. Int. Cancer Imaging Soci."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.21147\/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.03.08","article-title":"Clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes of four rare subtypes of primary liver carcinoma","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"","journal-title":"Chinese J. Cancer Res."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/S1665-2681(19)31015-4","article-title":"Hepatic carcinosarcoma: clinicopathologic features and a review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Hepatol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i11.1273","article-title":"Tumors with macroscopic bile duct thrombi in non-HCC patients: dynamic multi-phase MSCT findings","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.336125104","article-title":"Hepatocellular carcinoma: illustrated guide to systematic radiologic diagnosis and staging according to guidelines of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"33","author":"McEvoy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(11)80220-7","article-title":"WHO international histological classification of tumours. tentative histological classification of salivary gland tumours","volume":"186","author":"Seifert","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pathol. Res. Pract."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.5732\/cjc.009.10473","article-title":"A case of primary liver carcinosarcoma: CT findings","volume":"29","author":"Shu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chin. J. Cancer"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7335","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i23.7335","article-title":"Primary combined hepatocellular-cholangiocellular sarcoma: an unusual case","volume":"21","author":"Xiang","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-013-0612-7","article-title":"Carcinosarcoma of the liver: report of a case","volume":"44","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Surgery Today"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.2013-0011","article-title":"MR imaging of carcinosarcoma of the liver using Gd-EOB-DTPA","volume":"13","author":"Yasutake","year":"2014","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med."},{"key":"B17","first-page":"1899","article-title":"Primary liver cancer sarcoma: a case report","volume":"31","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Clin. Hepatobiliary Dis."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Genetics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fgene.2021.638636\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T10:27:17Z","timestamp":1623925637000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fgene.2021.638636\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fgene.2021.638636"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2021.638636","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-8021"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1664-8021"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"article-number":"638636"}}