{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T01:44:45Z","timestamp":1772502285576,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Genet."],"abstract":"<jats:p>In a recently published genome-wide association study (GWAS) chronic back pain was associated with three loci; <jats:italic>SOX5, CCDC26\/GSDMC<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>DCC<\/jats:italic>. This GWAS was based on a heterogeneous sample of back pain disorders, and it is unknown whether these loci are of clinical relevance for low back pain (LBP) with persistent radiculopathy. Thus, we examine if LBP with radiculopathy 12\u00a0months after an acute episode of LBP with radiculopathy is associated with the selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); <jats:italic>SOX5<\/jats:italic> rs34616559, <jats:italic>CCDC26\/GSDMC<\/jats:italic> rs7833174 and <jats:italic>DCC<\/jats:italic> rs4384683. In this prospective cohort study, subjects admitted to a secondary health care institution due to an acute episode of LBP with radiculopathy, reported back pain, leg pain, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), were genotyped and followed up at 12\u00a0months (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 338). Kruskal-Wallis H test showed no association between the SNPs and back pain, leg pain or ODI. In conclusion, LBP with radiculopathy 12\u00a0months after an acute episode of LBP with radiculopathy, is not associated with the selected SNPs; <jats:italic>SOX5<\/jats:italic> rs34616559, <jats:italic>CCDC26\/GSDMC<\/jats:italic> rs7833174 and <jats:italic>DCC<\/jats:italic> rs4384683. This absent or weak association suggests that the SNPs previously associated with chronic back pain are not useful as prognostic biomarkers for LBP with persistent radiculopathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.757632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T06:27:29Z","timestamp":1643005649000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Low Back Pain With Persistent Radiculopathy; the Clinical Role of Genetic Variants in the Genes SOX5, CCDC26\/GSDMC and DCC"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Marie Udnesseter","family":"Lie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda Margareth","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingrid","family":"Heuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bendik","family":"Winsvold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Gjerstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eivind","family":"Hasvik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ystein Petter","family":"Nygaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margreth","family":"Grotle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dagfinn","family":"Matre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John-Anker","family":"Zwart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristian Bernhard","family":"Nilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-016-1356-5","article-title":"Genes Associated with Persistent Lumbar Radicular Pain; a Systematic Review","volume":"17","author":"Bjorland","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14265","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14265","article-title":"Sequence Variant at 8q24.21 Associates with Sciatica Caused by Lumbar Disc Herniation","volume":"8","author":"Bjornsdottir","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-1229","article-title":"The Individual and Societal burden of Chronic Pain in Europe: the Case for Strategic Prioritisation and Action to Improve Knowledge and Availability of Appropriate Care","volume":"13","author":"Breivik","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2074","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31825d4ebc","article-title":"Increased Expression of Netrin-1 and its Deleted in Colorectal Cancer Receptor in Human Diseased Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Compared with Autopsy Control","volume":"37","author":"Bu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Spine."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46704","DOI":"10.1038\/srep46704","article-title":"MiR-146b Is Down-Regulated during the Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Derived Skeletal Stem Cells and Up-Regulated in Osteoarthritis","volume":"7","author":"Budd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B6","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sicences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E272","DOI":"10.1097\/brs.0000000000001773","article-title":"Prognostic Factors for Persistent Leg-Pain in Patients Hospitalized with Acute Sciatica","volume":"42","author":"Fjeld","year":"2017","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 Diseases and Injuries in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2019: a Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"Global Burden of Disease Study","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1159\/000124980","article-title":"SOX Gene Expression in Human Osteoarthritic Cartilage","volume":"75","author":"Haag","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pathobiology."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2009.12.005","article-title":"What Is the Prognosis of Back Pain?","volume":"24","author":"Hayden","year":"2010","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2020.118931","article-title":"Long Noncoding RNA CCDC26 as a Modulator of Transcriptional Switching Between Fetal and Embryonic Globins","volume":"1868","author":"Hirano","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta (Bba) - Mol. Cell Res."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj259","article-title":"Implications of Small Effect Sizes of Individual Genetic Variants on the Design and Interpretation of Genetic Association Studies of Complex Diseases","volume":"164","author":"Ioannidis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21069","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-78249-7","article-title":"Two GWAS-Identified Variants Are Associated with Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Gasdermin-C Expression in Chinese Population","volume":"10","author":"Jiang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318183a4a2","article-title":"Sciatica","volume":"33","author":"Konstantinou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0163877","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163877","article-title":"Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Sciatica in Finnish Population","volume":"11","author":"Lemmel\u00e4","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-021-00829-7","article-title":"Polygenic Risk Scores in the Clinic: New Perspectives Needed on Familiar Ethical Issues","volume":"13","author":"Lewis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8183","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv688","article-title":"The Transcription Factors SOX9 and SOX5\/SOX6 Cooperate Genome-wide through Super-Enhancers to Drive Chondrogenesis","volume":"43","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2016.10.004","article-title":"Transcriptional Control of Chondrocyte Specification and Differentiation","volume":"62","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Developmental Biol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-3959(99)00187-6","article-title":"The Economic burden of Back Pain in the UK","volume":"84","author":"Maniadakis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-018-5742-6","article-title":"Cost of Low Back Pain: Results from a National Register Study in Sweden","volume":"27","author":"Olafsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00331","article-title":"Sox5 and Sox6 Are Required for Notochord Extracellular Matrix Sheath Formation, Notochord Cell Survival and Development of the Nucleus Pulposus of Intervertebral Discs","volume":"130","author":"Smits","year":"2003","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/s1534-5807(01)00003-x","article-title":"The Transcription Factors L-Sox5 and Sox6 Are Essential for Cartilage Formation","volume":"1","author":"Smits","year":"2001","journal-title":"Developmental Cell."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem238","article-title":"Sciatica: a Review of History, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and the Role of Epidural Steroid Injection in Management","volume":"99","author":"Stafford","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1007601","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1007601","article-title":"Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of 158,000 Individuals of European Ancestry Identifies Three Loci Associated with Chronic Back Pain","volume":"14","author":"Suri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Plos Genet."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-019-0127-1","article-title":"Benefits and Limitations of Genome-wide Association Studies","volume":"20","author":"Tam","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-018-0418-5","article-title":"The Illusion of Polygenic Disease Risk Prediction","volume":"21","author":"Wald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genet. Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2147\/ijgm.s12270","article-title":"Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation: Evidence-Based Practice","volume":"3","author":"Weiner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201551","article-title":"Novel Genetic Variants Associated with Lumbar Disc Degeneration in Northern Europeans: a Meta-Analysis of 4600 Subjects","volume":"72","author":"Williams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5640","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-015-9482-x","article-title":"Netrin-1 Contributes to Myelinated Afferent Fiber Sprouting and Neuropathic Pain","volume":"53","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1111\/iji.12488","article-title":"Association of GSDMC Polymorphisms with Lumbar Disc Herniation Among Chinese Han Population","volume":"47","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Immunogenet."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e31861","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031861","article-title":"MiR-194 Regulates Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells by Targeting Sox5","volume":"7","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2015.12.013","article-title":"Genome-wide DNA Methylation Profile Implicates Potential Cartilage Regeneration at the Late Stage of Knee Osteoarthritis","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis and Cartilage"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34460","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34460","article-title":"Identification of DNA Methylation Changes Associated with Disease Progression in Subchondral Bone with Site-Matched Cartilage in Knee Osteoarthritis","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmaa016","article-title":"Gasdermins: Pore-Forming Activities and Beyond","volume":"52","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin (Shanghai)."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Genetics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fgene.2021.757632\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]],"date-time":"2022-01-24T06:27:33Z","timestamp":1643005653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fgene.2021.757632\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fgene.2021.757632"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2021.757632","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-8021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-8021","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,24]]},"article-number":"757632"}}