{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T17:20:56Z","timestamp":1788715256879,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660176000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Genet."],"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> is an isoform of the eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 A (eEF1A) and is vital for fish ovarian development. Spotted scat (<jats:italic>Scatophagus argus<\/jats:italic>) is a popular marine cultured fish species in Southern Asia and China, and its artificial reproduction is complicated, with a relatively low success ratio in practice. In this study, the <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> gene was cloned from spotted scat. Tissue distribution analysis showed that <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> was mainly expressed in the ovary. qRT-PCR showed that <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> expression levels gradually decreased insignificantly in the ovaries from phase II to IV. Western blot analysis showed that <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> was highly expressed in the ovary, while it was almost undetectable in the testis. Immunohistochemistry analysis stained <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> mainly in the cytoplasm of the previtellogenic oocytes in ovaries of normal XX-female and sex-reversed XY-female. Aside from fish and amphibians, <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> was also identified in some reptile species using genomic database searching. Analyses of the transcriptome data from four different fish species (Hainan medaka (<jats:italic>Oryzias curvinotus<\/jats:italic>), silver sillago (<jats:italic>Sillago sihama<\/jats:italic>), Nile tilapia (<jats:italic>Oreochromis niloticus<\/jats:italic>), and Hong Kong catfish (<jats:italic>Clarias fuscus<\/jats:italic>)) revealed ovaries biased expression of <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> in all, similar to spotted scat. While the neighbor genes of <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> did not show ovary biased expression in the fish species analyzed. Bisulfite Sequencing PCR (BSP) results showed that the DNA methylation level of <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> promoter was low in ovaries, testes, and muscles. The luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that <jats:italic>Dmrt4<\/jats:italic> activated <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> expression in the presence of <jats:italic>Sf1<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Foxh1<\/jats:italic>. These results suggest that <jats:italic>42Sp50<\/jats:italic> may be involved in regulating the early phase oocytes development of spotted scat.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.964150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]],"date-time":"2022-08-11T05:29:10Z","timestamp":1660195750000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Expression and regulation of 42Sp50 in spotted scat (Scatophagus argus)"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Zhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Neng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umar Farouk","family":"Mustapha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-Xiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Juan","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang-Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Hua","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2020.106273","article-title":"Gonadal maturatio and spawning induction in female spotted scat (Scatophagus argus)","volume":"8","author":"Barry","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. 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