{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T16:52:59Z","timestamp":1767891179643,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Genet."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Testicular teratomas and teratocarcinomas are the most common testicular germ cell tumors in early childhood and young men, and they are frequently found unilaterally in the left testis. In 129\/SvJ mice carrying a heterozygous copy of the potent modifier of tumor incidence <jats:italic>Ter<\/jats:italic>, a point mutation in the dead-end homolog one gene (<jats:italic>Dnd1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>Ter\/+<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup>), \u223c70% of the unilateral teratomas arise in the left testis. We previously showed that in mice, left\/right differences in vascular architecture are associated with reduced hemoglobin saturation and increased levels of the hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1\u03b1) in the left compared to the right testis. To test the hypothesis that systemic reduction of oxygen availability in <jats:italic>Dnd1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>Ter\/+<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> mice would lead to an increased incidence of bilateral tumors, we placed pregnant females from 129\/SvJ <jats:italic>Dnd1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>Ter\/+<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> intercross matings in a hypobaric chamber for 12-h intervals. Our results show that in 129\/SvJ <jats:italic>Dnd1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>Ter\/+<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> male gonads, the incidence of bilateral teratoma increased from 3.3% to 64% when fetuses were exposed to acute low oxygen conditions for 12-h between E13.8 and E14.3. The increase in tumor incidence correlated with the maintenance of high expression of pluripotency genes <jats:italic>Oct4<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Sox2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Nanog<\/jats:italic>, elevated activity of the Nodal signaling pathway, and suppression of germ cell mitotic arrest. We propose that the combination of heterozygosity for the <jats:italic>Ter<\/jats:italic> mutation and hypoxia causes a delay in male germ cell differentiation that promotes teratoma initiation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2023.1179256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]],"date-time":"2023-04-26T06:11:06Z","timestamp":1682489466000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Oxygen availability influences the incidence of testicular teratoma in Dnd1Ter\/+ mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ximena M.","family":"Bustamante-Marin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blanche","family":"Capel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.08.001","article-title":"NOTCH-mediated ex vivo expansion of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by culture under hypoxia","volume":"16","author":"Araki","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell. 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