{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:05:34Z","timestamp":1789664734886,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Genet."],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to explore the potential causal association between waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genetic variation data pertaining to WHR served as instrumental variables, while genome-wide association study data for NAFLD constituted the outcome event. Primarily, the random-effects inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was utilized, supplemented by MR Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses. Sensitivity analysis entailed the \u201cleave-one-out\u201d approach, with the IVW results forming the foundational basis for this study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This analysis included a total of 28 valid single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). IVW analysis indicated an increased risk of NAFLD associated with WHR (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.08\u20132.41; P = 0.02). Furthermore, MR-Egger regression analysis revealed the absence of horizontal pleiotropy among the included SNPs, albeit with some sample heterogeneity. Lastly, the \u201cleave-one-out\u201d sensitivity analysis demonstrated that no individual SNP significantly influenced the estimated causal association.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study furnishes indicative evidence of a causal link between waist-to-hip ratio and the risk of NAFLD occurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2024.1414835","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]],"date-time":"2024-11-19T06:15:38Z","timestamp":1731996938000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Causal effect of waist-to-hip ratio on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Shihao","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sijie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2050312117745223","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312117745223","article-title":"Association between smoking and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Akhavan Rezayat","year":"2018","journal-title":"SAGE Open Med."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E909","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.221650","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"195","author":"Bebawi","year":"2023","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1346","article-title":"Meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization: a review","volume":"10","author":"Bowden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Res. 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