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Transcriptome data related to BC were initially obtained from TCGA and GEO database. Prognostic genes were identified through differential expression analysis, univariate Cox regression, and LASSO analysis. A risk model was subsequently developed and validated. Additionally, enrichment analysis, immune microenvironment analysis, and the construction of a TFs-mRNA network were conducted. Finally, the expression levels of prognostic genes were examined in both tumor and normal tissue samples, with confirmation through RT-qPCR. Eight prognostic genes (<jats:italic>CETP<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CLEC11A<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CYP2A6<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CYP2A7<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>GZMB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>HGF<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LDHC<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>PLAU<\/jats:italic>) were identified. The risk model demonstrated that low-risk individuals have significantly higher survival rates. GSEA results indicated that seven of the prognostic genes are notably enriched in the \u201ccytokine-cytokine receptor interaction\u201d pathway. Transcription factors, such as ATF3 and RUNX1, were found to regulate these prognostic genes. Furthermore, immune cell profiles revealed significant differences between high-risk and low-risk groups. Bioinformatics and RT-qPCR analyses confirmed that <jats:italic>CETP<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>HGF<\/jats:italic> are upregulated in normal tissues, while <jats:italic>CLEC11A<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>PLAU<\/jats:italic> showed higher expression in BC tissues. This study identified eight Cyt c-related prognostic genes and developed a risk model, offering new insights into personalized treatment and prognosis for BC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2025.1627134","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T04:10:47Z","timestamp":1754885447000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Identification and experimental validation of prognostic genes related to cytochrome c in breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Huimin","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shihong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haobin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-020-6663-4","article-title":"Association of CYP2A6 gene deletion with cancers in Japanese elderly: an autopsy study","volume":"20","author":"Abudushataer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Bmc Cancer"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c07431","article-title":"Novel noninvasive serum biomarkers for prompt diagnosis of breast carcinoma","volume":"9","author":"Afzal","year":"2024","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122823","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2024.122823","article-title":"Role of CETP, PCSK-9, and CYP7-alpha in cholesterol metabolism: potential targets for natural products in managing hypercholesterolemia","volume":"351","author":"Aguchem","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20587384211034089","DOI":"10.1177\/20587384211034089","article-title":"Cytokines in various molecular subtypes of breast cancer","volume":"35","author":"Autenshlyus","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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