{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:38:00Z","timestamp":1782470280260,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Genet."],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to understand the differential and tissue-specific immune responses of three different chicken strains [Vanraja, Kashmir Commercial Layer (KCL), and broiler] by assessing the CXCLi1 chemokine mRNA expression in different tissues (liver, spleen, and cecum) in\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella Typhimurium-<\/jats:italic>\n                    challenged birds. In addition, hematological and biochemical parameters were also assessed.\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium<\/jats:italic>\n                    culture was used for induction of infection. Differential expression of the\n                    <jats:italic>CXCLi1<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene following induced infection was studied on different days post-infection (0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15). An infection dose of 2 \u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n                    CFU\/mL produced the symptoms characteristics of salmonellosis. An immune response gene expression study revealed enhanced expression until the 5th\u20137th day post-infection, followed by a steady decrease until the 15th day post-infection. The overall gene expression was higher in broiler chicks than in KCL and Vanraja chicks. The tissue-specific response showed higher expression in the cecum followed by the spleen and liver. The real-time mRNA gene expression results indicated that commercial broilers are more susceptible than backyard chicks. Differential cellular responses revealed heterophilia and initial lymphopenia followed by lymphocytosis. Pronounced hemato-biochemical alterations were observed as the clinical indicators of\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. These findings imply that the integration of disease-resistant alleles from indigenous or backyard poultry into high-performance exotic germplasm could improve\n                    <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic>\n                    resistance in commercial poultry populations.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2025.1645142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T22:10:13Z","timestamp":1767737413000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-induced alterations in inflammatory chemokine mRNA expressions and hemato-biochemical variations in three different strains of chicken"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shabir","family":"Mir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazir A.","family":"Ganai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Syed M.","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ishraq","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gowhar G.","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nusrat","family":"Nabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan A.","family":"Rudayni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Allam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"The negative acute phase proteins: Acute phase proteins: Molecular biology, biochemistry, and clinical applications","author":"Aldred","year":"1993"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1637\/0005-2086(2002)046[0525:RTVNDV]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Resistance to velogenic Newcastle disease virus in leghorn chickens by use of prophylactic lymphokines","volume":"46","author":"Alfaro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Avian Dis."},{"key":"B3","first-page":"5","volume-title":"Annual report, department of animal husbandry, dairying and fisheries","year":"2015"},{"key":"B4","first-page":"875","article-title":"An immunological basis for the anaemia of acute Salmonella gallinarum infection of chicken-II. 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