{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T22:58:58Z","timestamp":1785193138137,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Genet."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Regenerative medicine therapy (RMT) is an emerging field in Malaysia with significant potential for tissue regeneration and disease treatment. Yet awareness of its importance and the benefits of stem cell therapy remains limited, owing to a lack of in-depth knowledge of RMT among Malaysians. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of students at public and private universities in Malaysia regarding regenerative medicine therapy and its clinical implications. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 480 medical and non-medical students from Malaysian public and private universities. Six content experts validated the questionnaire, and the appropriateness of each question was rated using an item content validity index (I-CVI). The survey was divided into distinct sections covering demographics, previous experience with RMT, knowledge of RMT development and therapeutic applications (scored binary as 0 or 1), and attitudes towards RMT research, ethics, and religious views (measured on a 5-point Likert scale). The knowledge section categorised levels as poor (0\u20134), moderate (5\u20138), or high (9\u201312). Findings revealed that fundamental knowledge of RMT is inadequate among university students, with low overall mean knowledge scores of 0.56 \u00b1 0.23 and 0.47 \u00b1 0.22. Since most students recognised basic concepts, 80.6% failed to correctly identify specific stem cell types, such as chondrocytes, or the source of embryonic stem cells. Medical students demonstrated significantly greater knowledge and understanding of RMT than non-medical students (p &amp;lt; 0.05), particularly in identifying RMT as a treatment for cancer and tissue replacement. These results underscore an urgent need for curriculum reform to prevent future professional negligence and ensure robust healthcare risk management. Students showed a generally positive attitude towards stem cells and their therapeutic applications, with mean scores of 3.75 \u00b1 0.53 and 3.65 \u00b1 0.56, respectively, showing no significant difference between females and males (p &amp;gt; 0.05). In conclusion, Malaysian university students have a moderate to positive attitude towards stem cells and their therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine; however, their knowledge is inadequate, suggesting the need to implement a regenerative medicine syllabus in the current curriculum to educate them on required knowledge of stem cells and prepare future healthcare professionals and graduates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2026.1804348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T22:10:20Z","timestamp":1785190220000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Knowledge and attitude of Malaysian university students towards regenerative medicine therapy and their clinical implications: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Narmadaa","family":"Raman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)","place":["Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fazlina","family":"Nordin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (DTERM), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)","place":["Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siti A. M.","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ming Medical Sdn. Bhd.","place":["Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Budi Aslinie","family":"Md Sabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM)","place":["Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deny","family":"Susanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kuliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM)","place":["Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khairul Bariah Ahmad Amin","family":"Noordin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM)","place":["Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharifah Zamiah","family":"Syed Abdul Kadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya (UM)","place":["Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Ramasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)","place":["Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1080\/14636778.2017.1415137","article-title":"Regulating human stem cell research and therapy in low- and middle-income countries: Malaysian perspectives","volume":"37","author":"Abdul Aziz","year":"2018","journal-title":"New Genet. Soc."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12824","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.12824","article-title":"Effectiveness of interactive teaching intervention on medical students\u2019 knowledge and attitudes toward stem cells, their therapeutic uses, and potential research applications","volume":"10","author":"Abdulrazeq","year":"2022","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-72519-4","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19 prevention among Indigenous population in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"14","author":"Abu Bakar","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21926\/obm.transplant.2503257","article-title":"Precision medicine in liver and lung transplantation: integrating immunology, regenerative therapies, and computational","volume":"9","author":"Addissouky","year":"2025","journal-title":"Advances"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19127","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.19127","article-title":"Knowledge and attitude of dental school faculties towards stem cell therapies and their applications","volume":"13","author":"Ajlan","year":"2025","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.48185\/jaai.v5i1.974","article-title":"Integrative approaches for advancing organoid engineering: from mechanobiology to personalized therapeutics","volume":"5","author":"Akhtar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Appl. Artif. Intell."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.2147\/RMHP.S406383","article-title":"Medical professionals\u2019 knowledge, sensitivity, and attitudes towards social and ethical aspects of stem-cell donation, therapy, and research: implications for healthcare risk management","volume":"16","author":"Al-Shammary","year":"2023","journal-title":"Risk Manag. Healthc. Policy"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2018.10.006","article-title":"Assessment of knowledge and attitude toward stem cells and their implications in dentistry among recent graduates of dental schools in Saudi Arabia","volume":"31","author":"Alhadlaq","year":"2019","journal-title":"Saudi Dent. J."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.10661","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes towards stem cells and the significance of their medical application among healthcare sciences students of Jouf University","volume":"9","author":"Almaeen","year":"2021","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"B10","first-page":"3308","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude and practice of doctors and medical students towards stem cell use in the management of diabetes mellitus","volume":"71","author":"Altemani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Egypt. J. Hosp. Med."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.114131","article-title":"Future regenerative medicine developments and their therapeutic applications","volume":"158","author":"Altyar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.21608\/hijnrp.2024.299140.1179","article-title":"Assessment of nursing students\u2019 perception at AL Azhar University regarding stem cells therapy","volume":"3","author":"Atef","year":"2024","journal-title":"Helwan Int. J. Nurs. Res. Pract."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2021187","DOI":"10.23750\/abm.v92i2.9687","article-title":"Platelet-rich plasma use for facial rejuvenation: a clinical trial and review of current literature","volume":"92","author":"Banihashemi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomed."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1670649","article-title":"Mesenchymal stromal cell-laden hydrogels in tissue regeneration: insights from preclinical and clinical research","volume":"16","author":"Barbon","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.48175\/IJARSCT-22230","article-title":"Innovative strategies in regenerative medicine: bridging science and clinical practice","volume":"4","author":"Bhutambare","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. Adv. Res. Sci. Commun. Technol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.35882\/jeemi.v6i1.351","article-title":"Advancements within molecular engineering for regenerative medicine and biomedical applications an investigation analysis towards a computing retrospective","volume":"6","author":"Bin Akhtar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Electron. Electromed. Eng. Med. Inf."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb15080221","article-title":"Exploring platelet-rich plasma therapy for knee osteoarthritis: an In-Depth analysis","volume":"15","author":"Blaga","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Funct. Biomaterials"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.3390\/endocrines5040034","article-title":"Human stem cell therapy for the cure of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D): a hurdle course between lights and shadows","volume":"5","author":"Calafiore","year":"2024","journal-title":"Endocrines"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2015.02.004","article-title":"Advancing biomaterials of human origin for tissue engineering","volume":"176","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiology & Behavior"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.18502\/ijhoscr.v18i4.16761","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes of faculty of health sciences students towards hematopoietic stem cell donation","volume":"18","author":"\u00c7i\u00e7ek","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Hematology-Oncology Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/surgeries6030065","article-title":"The evolving role of stem cells in oral health and regeneration: a systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Dipalma","year":"2025","journal-title":"Surgeries Switz."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.38124\/ijisrt\/25oct674","article-title":"Regenerative medicine; regenerative pharmacology: drug delivery strategies for stem cells, growth factors and tissue engineering","volume":"10","author":"Dixit","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Innov. Sci. Res. Technol."},{"key":"B37","first-page":"368","article-title":"Stem cell therapy in regenerative medicine current progress, challenges, and future prospects","volume":"14","author":"Dutta","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Neonatal Surg. ISSN"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2495848","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/2495848","article-title":"Advances in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering: innovation and transformation of medicine","volume":"2018","author":"Dzobo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010344","article-title":"Applications of genome-editing technologies for type 1 diabetes","volume":"25","author":"El Nahas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.05.109","article-title":"Ovine tendon collagen: extraction, characterisation and fabrication of thin films for tissue engineering applications","volume":"68","author":"Fauzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-04082-8","article-title":"Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells: potential factories of natural and mimetic strategies for congenital malformations","volume":"15","author":"Fonteles","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480304","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/480304","article-title":"A survey of Italian physicians\u2019 opinion about stem cells research: what doctors prefer and what the law requires","volume":"2014","author":"Frati","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e04758","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04758","article-title":"An evaluation of the environmental impact assessment practice in Uganda: challenges and opportunities for achieving sustainable development","volume":"6","author":"George","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-024-03636-0","article-title":"Current status of stem cell therapy for type 1 diabetes: a critique and a prospective consideration","volume":"15","author":"Ghoneim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5770","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26125770","article-title":"Overview of cellular therapeutics clinical trials: advances, challenges, and future directions","volume":"26","author":"Guo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1355609","article-title":"Ethical and legislative advances in xenotransplantation for clinical translation: focusing on cardiac, kidney and islet cell xenotransplantation","volume":"15","author":"Hawthorne","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.33102\/jfatwa.vol28no3.515","article-title":"Human stem cell transplantation: an overview of the islamic perspective\u2019s ethical issues in Malaysia","volume":"28","author":"Hehsan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Fatwa Manag. Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70192","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70192","article-title":"Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: perspectives and challenges","volume":"6","author":"Hoang","year":"2025","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2023.04.002","article-title":"Developments in stem cell-derived islet replacement therapy for treating type 1 diabetes","volume":"30","author":"Hogrebe","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789644","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.789644","article-title":"Regenerative medicine therapy in Malaysia: an update","volume":"10","author":"Imran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2023.1120611","article-title":"Reshaping the curriculum for academy in factory in Malaysia","volume":"14","author":"Jamaludin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649203","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2021.649203","article-title":"Is Malaysia ready for human gene editing: a regulatory, biosafety and biosecurity perspective","volume":"9","author":"Kalidasan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.1005868","article-title":"Mesechymal stem cells applications in regenerative medicine and in biotherapies","author":"Kalodimou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reth.2024.09.015","article-title":"Regulatory insights on advanced CAR-T cell products, AAV-Based gene therapies, and medical care\/practice in cell and gene therapies: report from the 6th Asia partnership conference of regenerative medicine- April 20, 2023","volume":"26","author":"Karasawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Regen. Ther."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdr.IJDR_389_16","article-title":"Knowledge and attitude of Indian dentists regarding dental stem cells: a cross-sectional descriptive survey","volume":"28","author":"Katge","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.63682\/jns.v13i1.9151","article-title":"Breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering: transforming healthcare","volume":"13","author":"Kausar","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Neonatal Surg."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.123298","article-title":"Integrative bioengineering strategies for endometrial regeneration: from biomaterials and stem cells to organoids and organ-on-a-chip technologies","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"B44","first-page":"271","article-title":"The application of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on stem cells therapy to treat various diseases","volume-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther","author":"Kou","year":"2024"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14211660","article-title":"Safety assessment of stem cell-based therapies: current standards and advancing frameworks","volume":"14","author":"Leonov","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.5430\/dcc.v10n3p25","article-title":"Advances in cell therapy research","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discuss. Clin. Cases"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70567","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70567","article-title":"Organ transplantation: current Status, challenges, and future prospects","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"MedComm (2020)."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-020-02092-w","article-title":"Precision regenerative medicine","volume":"12","author":"Lightner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.888956","article-title":"Global trends of stem cell precision medicine research (2018\u20132022): a bibliometric analysis","volume":"9","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Surg."},{"key":"B50","first-page":"23","article-title":"Knowledge and attitude about stem cells and their application in medicine among nursing students in Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia","volume":"22","author":"Lye","year":"2015","journal-title":"Malays. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70602","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70602","article-title":"Applications of multifunctional hydrogel in","author":"Lyu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"B52","first-page":"320","article-title":"Eia legislation in Malaysia: issues and challenges","volume":"4","author":"Mahmud","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Soc. Sci. Res. (IJSSR)"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.9734\/jpri\/2025\/v37i57697","article-title":"Current status of stem cell based therapy","volume":"37","author":"Mannan","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Res. Int."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1126\/SCIENCE.ADD6492","article-title":"Emerging frontiers in regenerative medicine","volume":"380","author":"McKinley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.15406\/ijcam.2020.13.00523","article-title":"Regenerative medicine: what can it do for me","volume":"13","author":"Meiyappan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"B56","volume-title":"Strategic framework of the medical programme, ministry of health 2021-2025, hospital management unit medical development division","year":"2020"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.7324\/japs.2026.248204","article-title":"Cell and gene therapy regulation in Malaysia: current pathways and international comparison","volume":"16","author":"Mohd Halimi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Appl. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.2217\/rme-2016-0111","article-title":"Regenerative medicine: lessons from mother nature","volume":"11","author":"Naranjo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Regen. Med."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1007\/s44337-025-00339-0","article-title":"Opportunities and challenges of dental stem cells in transforming healthcare through regenerative medicine","volume":"2","author":"Omerki\u0107","year":"2025","journal-title":"Discov. Med."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1007\/s13770-024-00627-3","article-title":"Advancements in human embryonic stem cell research: clinical applications and ethical issues","volume":"21","author":"Park","year":"2024","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-016-0863-6","article-title":"Health care professionals\u2019 knowledge, attitudes and practices relating to umbilical cord blood banking and donation: an integrative review","volume":"16","author":"Peberdy","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1007\/s41649-024-00330-4","article-title":"Myths and realities about the private sector stem cell industry in Malaysia","volume":"17","author":"Phang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Asian Bioeth. Rev."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.13714","article-title":"Use of platelet rich plasma for skin rejuvenation","volume":"30","author":"Phoebe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Skin Res. Technol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3084","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26073084","article-title":"The therapeutic use and potential of MSCs: advances in regenerative medicine","volume":"26","author":"P\u00eenzariu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-01987-1","article-title":"Stem cell therapies for neurological disorders: current progress, challenges, and future perspectives","volume":"29","author":"Rahimi Darehbagh","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. Journal Medical Research"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e187421062207130","DOI":"10.2174\/18742106-v16-e2207130","article-title":"Knowledge, awareness and perception of dental stem cell and their applications in regenerative medicine among professional groups","volume":"16","author":"Rahman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Dent. J."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.5958\/0976-5506.2019.00856.8","article-title":"Knowledge, awareness and perception of Malaysian University students on regenerative medicine and willingness to accept and pay for regenerative medicine therapies","volume":"10","author":"Ramachandren","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J. Public Health Res. Dev."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4580","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23094580","article-title":"Mechanotransduction in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation: a review","volume":"23","author":"Raman","year":"","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci. MDPI"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2022.e11624","article-title":"Mechanotransduction of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) during cardiomyocytes differentiation","volume":"8","author":"Raman","year":"","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics17040456","article-title":"Advances in drug delivery integrated with regenerative medicine: innovations, challenges, and future frontiers","volume":"17","author":"Rasekh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmaceut."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0338675","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0338675","article-title":"The people versus behavioral science: alignment between lay and scientific understanding of compliance","volume":"21","author":"Reinders Folmer","year":"2026","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1590832","article-title":"Academic competition-based learning cultivates scientific literacy to promote professional competitiveness in medical undergraduates","volume":"13","author":"Ruan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mog2.66","article-title":"The hidden architects of glioblastoma multiforme: Glioma stem cells","volume":"3","author":"Sahoo","year":"2024","journal-title":"MedComm \u2013 Oncolo"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1161","DOI":"10.1093\/stcltm\/szae045","article-title":"Exploring mesenchymal stem cells homing mechanisms and improvement strategies","volume":"13","author":"Sajjad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl. Med."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmau.2015.05.002","article-title":"Regenerative medicine: historical roots and potential strategies in modern medicine","volume":"3","author":"Sampogna","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Microsc. Ultrastruct."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2024.106761","article-title":"Unveiling the potential of biomaterials and their synergistic fusion in tissue engineering","volume":"196","author":"Sanchez Armengol","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.25300\/MISQ\/2024\/18039","article-title":"Regulating emerging technologies: prospective sensemaking through abstraction and elaboration","volume":"49","author":"Seidel","year":"2025","journal-title":"MIS Q. Manag. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2026.102899","article-title":"Title: from classroom to cleanroom: building a skilled cell and gene therapy workforce","author":"Shokoohmand","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56000","DOI":"10.3389\/conf.fbioe.2016.02.00026","article-title":"Awareness and perception on stem cells treatment among medical professionals in Klang valley","volume":"4","author":"Tan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1002\/hcs2.115","article-title":"Revolutionizing healthcare and medicine: the impact of modern technologies for a healthier future\u2014A comprehensive review","volume":"3","author":"Thacharodi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Care Sci."},{"key":"B81","volume-title":"Stem Cell Research & Stem Cell Therapy Guideline of the Malaysian Medical Council","year":"2009"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.05.004","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cell secretome for regenerative medicine: where do we stand?","volume":"70","author":"Trigo","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2810","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-025-10955-z","article-title":"Challenging reward structures and organizational cultures that propagate","volume":"21","author":"Trinh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Stem Cell Hyperbole"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e35836","article-title":"Advancements and challenges in stem cell transplantation for regenerative medicine","volume":"10","author":"Wei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40779-022-00426-8","article-title":"The role of the immune microenvironment in bone, cartilage, and soft tissue regeneration: from mechanism to therapeutic opportunity","volume":"9","author":"Xiong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mil. Med. Res."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1486812","article-title":"Brief summary of the regulatory frameworks of regenerative medicine therapies","volume":"15","author":"Yoon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s12015-009-9062-4","article-title":"Emerging ethical, legal and social issues associated with stem cell research & and the current role of the moral status of the embryo","volume":"5","author":"Zarzeczny","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rev. Rep."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Genetics"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fgene.2026.1804348\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T22:10:23Z","timestamp":1785190223000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fgene.2026.1804348\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fgene.2026.1804348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fgene.2026.1804348","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-8021"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-8021","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]]},"article-number":"1804348"}}