{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T12:42:31Z","timestamp":1790167351967,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1512000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> cytotoxic T cell (CTL) responses are necessary for the lysis of virally infected cells and control of infection. CTLs are activated when their TCRs bind a major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I\/peptide complex on the surface of antigen presenting cells such as macrophages (M\u03a6). It is now apparent that M\u03a6 display remarkable plasticity in response to environmental signals to polarize into classically activated M(LPS\u2009+\u2009IFN-\u03b3) or alternatively activated M(IL-4). However, little is known about how M\u03a6 activation status influences their antigen presentation function to CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cell in models of virus infection. Consequently, we tested how polarization of spleen-derived (Sp)-M\u03a6 impacts direct presentation of viral antigens to influence effector and proliferative CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell responses. We show that M(IL-4) Sp-M\u03a6 retain MHC-I surface expression and the ability to stimulate IFN-\u03b3 production by CTL following peptide stimulation and lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection to levels similar to M0 and M(LPS\u2009+\u2009IFN-\u03b3) M\u03a6. However, memory CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells cultured in the presence of M(IL-4) M\u03a6 underwent significantly reduced proliferation and produced similar IFN-\u03b3 levels as coculturing with M0 or M(LPS\u2009+\u2009IFN-\u03b3) cells. Thus, these results show a novel ability of polarized M\u03a6 to regulate CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T-cell proliferation and effector functions during virus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]],"date-time":"2017-11-30T04:14:20Z","timestamp":1512015260000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["M(IL-4) Tissue Macrophages Support Efficient Interferon-Gamma Production in Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cells with Reduced Proliferative Capacity"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Rylend","family":"Mulder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andra","family":"Banete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Seaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sameh","family":"Basta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3087","article-title":"Studying the mononuclear phagocyte system in the molecular age","volume":"11","author":"Chow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"986","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2705","article-title":"Tissue-resident macrophages","volume":"14","author":"Davies","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00683","article-title":"Ontogeny and polarization of macrophages in inflammation: blood monocytes versus tissue macrophages","volume":"5","author":"Dey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2014.2374","article-title":"The role of macrophage polarization in infectious and inflammatory diseases","volume":"37","author":"Labonte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.8879","article-title":"Macrophage polarization in inflammatory diseases","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0406249","article-title":"Biochemical and functional characterization of three activated macrophage populations","volume":"80","author":"Edwards","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-14-6","article-title":"Characterization of murine macrophages from bone marrow, spleen and peritoneum","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Immunol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2014.05.005","article-title":"Spleen-derived macrophages are readily polarized into classically activated (M1) or alternatively activated (M2) states","volume":"219","author":"Mulder","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1100\/2011\/213962","article-title":"Macrophage polarization in health and disease","volume":"11","author":"Cassetta","year":"2011","journal-title":"ScientificWorldJournal"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-012-8291-9","article-title":"Macrophage polarization and plasticity in health and disease","volume":"53","author":"Biswas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2004.09.015","article-title":"The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization","volume":"25","author":"Mantovani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2014.09.022","article-title":"The activation status of human macrophages presenting antigen determines the efficiency of Th17 responses","volume":"220","author":"Arnold","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3733","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.6.3733","article-title":"Macrophage polarization in bacterial infections","volume":"181","author":"Benoit","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1009673","article-title":"Macrophage polarization and HIV-1 infection","volume":"87","author":"Cassol","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328344b73e","article-title":"Macrophage polarization and bacterial infections","volume":"24","author":"Mege","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.5732\/cjc.012.10046","article-title":"The mechanism of the anticancer function of M1 macrophages and their use in the clinic","volume":"31","author":"Pan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chin J Cancer"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9899.1000311","article-title":"Macrophage polarization in virus-host interactions","volume":"6","author":"Sang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.71.4.597","article-title":"Differential expression of FIZZ1 and Ym1 in alternatively versus classically activated macrophages","volume":"71","author":"Raes","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816460","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/816460","article-title":"Understanding the mysterious M2 macrophage through activation markers and effector mechanisms","volume":"2015","author":"Roszer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmgh.2015.12.005","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus-induced monocyte differentiation into polarized M2 macrophages promotes stellate cell activation via TGF-beta","volume":"2","author":"Saha","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1994.1029","article-title":"Macrophages in mice acutely infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus are primed for nitric oxide synthesis","volume":"16","author":"Butz","year":"1994","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2071","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.4.2071","article-title":"Both dendritic cells and macrophages can stimulate naive CD8 T cells in vivo to proliferate, develop effector function, and differentiate into memory cells","volume":"175","author":"Pozzi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.2009.90","article-title":"Cross, but not direct, presentation of cell-associated virus antigens by spleen macrophages is influenced by their differentiation state","volume":"88","author":"Alatery","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0610357","article-title":"TLR engagement prior to virus infection influences MHC-I antigen presentation in an epitope-dependent manner as a result of nitric oxide release","volume":"89","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13224","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05996-11","article-title":"CD8+ T cell immunodominance in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection is modified in the presence of toll-like receptor agonists","volume":"85","author":"Siddiqui","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2650","DOI":"10.3390\/v4112650","article-title":"Role of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) in understanding viral immunology: past, present and future","volume":"4","author":"Zhou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2012.09.012","article-title":"Anti-viral CD8 T cells and the cytokines that they love","volume":"435","author":"Cox","year":"2013","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3311","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-02-271981","article-title":"Alternatively activated macrophages inhibit T-cell proliferation by Stat6-dependent expression of PD-L2","volume":"116","author":"Huber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1256942","article-title":"Coinfection. Virus-helminth coinfection reveals a microbiota-independent mechanism of immunomodulation","volume":"345","author":"Osborne","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02719.x","article-title":"Immunological decision-making: how does the immune system decide to mount a helper T-cell response?","volume":"123","author":"Kaiko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4066","DOI":"10.1126\/science.285.5425.221","article-title":"Pillars article: the immunological synapse: a molecular machine controlling T cell activation. Science. 1999.285: 221-227","volume":"194","author":"Grakoui","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12513","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01674-15","article-title":"Differential inhibition of macrophage activation by lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus and pichinde virus is mediated by the Z protein N-terminal domain","volume":"89","author":"Xing","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-1635","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of immunomodulatory M2 macrophages prevents type 1 diabetes in NOD mice","volume":"61","author":"Parsa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e264","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00264-13","article-title":"Macrophage M1\/M2 polarization dynamically adapts to changes in cytokine microenvironments in Cryptococcus neoformans infection","volume":"4","author":"Davis","year":"2013","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44243","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M407021200","article-title":"Antibody specific for the peptide.major histocompatibility complex. Is it T cell receptor-like?","volume":"279","author":"Mareeva","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.150.7.2724","article-title":"Endogenous generation and presentation of the ovalbumin peptide\/Kb complex to T cells","volume":"150","author":"Shastri","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.12.120","article-title":"Antigen delivery for cross priming via the emulsion vaccine adjuvants","volume":"30","author":"Shen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1632","article-title":"NFAT proteins: key regulators of T-cell development and function","volume":"5","author":"Macian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5461","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1423356112","article-title":"CD169+ macrophages are sufficient for priming of CTLs with specificities left out by cross-priming dendritic cells","volume":"112","author":"Bernhard","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.3.2124","article-title":"Naive precursor frequencies and MHC binding rather than the degree of epitope diversity shape CD8+ T cell immunodominance","volume":"181","author":"Kotturi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.3.1491","article-title":"Effect of chronic viral infection on epitope selection, cytokine production, and surface phenotype of CD8 T cells and the role of IFN-gamma receptor in immune regulation","volume":"172","author":"Tewari","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2190","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200939973","article-title":"The outcome of cross-priming during virus infection is not directly linked to the ability of the antigen to be cross-presented","volume":"40","author":"Alatery","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5535","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.11.5535-5545.2004","article-title":"Memory CD8 T-cell differentiation during viral infection","volume":"78","author":"Wherry","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI13296","article-title":"Effector differentiation is not prerequisite for generation of memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes","volume":"108","author":"Manjunath","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5338","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.10.5338","article-title":"Differentiation of naive CTL to effector and memory CTL: correlation of effector function with phenotype and cell division","volume":"161","author":"Oehen","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.2.796","article-title":"Cross-presentation of the long-lived lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus nucleoprotein does not require neosynthesis and is enhanced via heat shock proteins","volume":"175","author":"Basta","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3156","article-title":"The role of interleukin-2 during homeostasis and activation of the immune system","volume":"12","author":"Boyman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1711.2004.01211.x","article-title":"Helper T cells, dendritic cells and CTL Immunity","volume":"82","author":"Behrens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2079","article-title":"Autocrine IL-2 is required for secondary population expansion of CD8(+) memory T cells","volume":"12","author":"Feau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2006.051308","article-title":"Pathogenic role for virus-specific CD4 T cells in mice with coronavirus-induced acute encephalitis","volume":"169","author":"Anghelina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2008.07.009","article-title":"An efficient culture method for generating large quantities of mature mouse splenic macrophages","volume":"338","author":"Alatery","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2669","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200009)30:9<2669::AID-IMMU2669>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Alternatively activated macrophages induced by nematode infection inhibit proliferation via cell-to-cell contact","volume":"30","author":"Loke","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6918","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.11.6918","article-title":"F4\/80+ alternatively activated macrophages control CD4+ T cell hyporesponsiveness at sites peripheral to filarial infection","volume":"176","author":"Taylor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9977","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1121231109","article-title":"Alternatively activated dendritic cells regulate CD4+ T-cell polarization in vitro and in vivo","volume":"109","author":"Cook","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731023","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/731023","article-title":"Interferon-regulatory factors determine macrophage phenotype polarization","volume":"2013","author":"Gunthner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.3.1232","article-title":"L-arginine consumption by macrophages modulates the expression of CD3 zeta chain in T lymphocytes","volume":"171","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21123","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110675200","article-title":"Regulation of T cell receptor CD3zeta chain expression by L-arginine","volume":"277","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-06-031856","article-title":"L-arginine availability regulates T-lymphocyte cell-cycle progression","volume":"109","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2000.02415.x","article-title":"Impaired expression of the CD3-zeta chain in peripheral blood T cells of patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia results in an increased susceptibility to apoptosis","volume":"111","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601453","article-title":"IL-2 modulates the TCR signaling threshold for CD8 but not CD4 T cell proliferation on a single-cell level","volume":"198","author":"Au-Yeung","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4889","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.14.7.4889","article-title":"Inactivation of a Cdk2 inhibitor during interleukin 2-induced proliferation of human T lymphocytes","volume":"14","author":"Firpo","year":"1994","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0531-5565(00)00088-7","article-title":"Long-term cultured IL-2-dependent T cell lines demonstrate p16(INK4a) overexpression, normal pRb\/p53, and upregulation of cyclins E or D2","volume":"35","author":"Siwicki","year":"2000","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0159","article-title":"Rescue of tolerant CD8+ T cells during cancer immunotherapy with IL2:antibody complexes","volume":"4","author":"Klevorn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.186.5.757","article-title":"Single cell analysis reveals regulated hierarchical T cell antigen receptor signaling thresholds and intraclonal heterogeneity for individual cytokine responses of CD4+ T cells","volume":"186","author":"Itoh","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.5.2442","article-title":"Distinct thresholds for CD8 T cell activation lead to functional heterogeneity: CD8 T cell priming can occur independently of cell division","volume":"170","author":"Auphan-Anezin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2421","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830241024","article-title":"Presentation of exogenous antigens by macrophages: analysis of major histocompatibility complex class I and II presentation and regulation by cytokines","volume":"24","author":"Kovacsovics-Bankowski","year":"1994","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9899.1000318","article-title":"Immortalized murine macrophage cell line as a model for macrophage polarization into classically activated M(IFNgamma+LPS) or alternatively activated M(IL-4) macrophages","volume":"6","author":"Banete","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-396-7_12","article-title":"Derivation and characterization of murine alternatively activated (M2) macrophages","volume":"531","author":"Ho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/6.3.369","article-title":"LacZ inducible, antigen\/MHC-specific T cell hybrids","volume":"6","author":"Sanderson","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37337","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037337","article-title":"Accelerated and improved quantification of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) titers by flow cytometry","volume":"7","author":"Korns Johnson","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1233307","type":"corrigendum","label":"Corrigendum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000}}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01629\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T16:57:38Z","timestamp":1687971458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01629\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01629"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01629","relation":{"corrigendum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1233307","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,30]]},"article-number":"1629"}}