{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:34:37Z","timestamp":1791488077803,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]],"date-time":"2017-12-12T08:17:37Z","timestamp":1513066657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Immunization with Live Attenuated Leishmania donovani Centrin\u2212\/\u2212 Parasites Is Efficacious in Asymptomatic Infection"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Nevien","family":"Ismail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Kaul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parna","family":"Bhattacharya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sreenivas","family":"Gannavaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira L.","family":"Nakhasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35671","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035671","article-title":"Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence","volume":"7","author":"Alvar","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(95)90070-5","article-title":"A prospective sero-epidemiological study of visceral leishmaniasis in Baringo District, Rift Valley Province, Kenya","volume":"89","author":"Schaefer","year":"1995","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/166.5.1124","article-title":"Epidemiology of visceral leishmaniasis in northeast Brazil","volume":"166","author":"Evans","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.06.015","article-title":"T cell subset and cytokine profiles in human visceral leishmaniasis during active and asymptomatic or sub-clinical infection with Leishmania donovani","volume":"117","author":"Hailu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1284","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001284","article-title":"Incidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic Leishmania donovani infections in high-endemic foci in India and Nepal: a prospective study","volume":"5","author":"Ostyn","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0345","article-title":"Asymptomatic infection with visceral leishmaniasis in a disease-endemic area in Bihar, India","volume":"83","author":"Topno","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2011.08.005","article-title":"Asymptomatic infection of visceral leishmaniasis in hyperendemic areas of Vaishali district, Bihar, India: a challenge to kala-azar elimination programmes","volume":"105","author":"Das","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2017.02.005","article-title":"Minimally invasive microbiopsies: a novel sampling method for identifying asymptomatic, potentially infectious carriers of Leishmania donovani","volume":"47","author":"Kirstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu102","article-title":"Asymptomatic Leishmania infection: a new challenge for Leishmania control","volume":"58","author":"Singh","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1405","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001405","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis in the Indian subcontinent: modelling epidemiology and control","volume":"5","author":"Stauch","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transci.2017.06.001","article-title":"Asymptomatic human blood donors carriers of Leishmania infantum: potential reservoirs for visceral leishmaniasis in northwestern Iran","volume":"56","author":"Asfaram","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transfus Apher Sci"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/tru146","article-title":"Asymptomatic Leishmania infections in northern India: a threat for the elimination programme?","volume":"108","author":"Das","year":"2014","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.7555\/JBR.27.20120064","article-title":"Development of Leishmania vaccines: predicting the future from past and present experience","volume":"27","author":"Mutiso","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biomed Res"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00241","article-title":"Biomarkers of safety and immune protection for genetically modified live attenuated Leishmania vaccines against visceral leishmaniasis \u2013 discovery and implications","volume":"5","author":"Gannavaram","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900276","article-title":"Intracellular replication-deficient Leishmania donovani induces long lasting protective immunity against visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"183","author":"Selvapandiyan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25703","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M402794200","article-title":"Centrin gene disruption impairs stage-specific basal body duplication and cell cycle progression in Leishmania","volume":"279","author":"Selvapandiyan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2707","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002707","article-title":"Deletion of ubiquitin fold modifier protein Ufm1 processing peptidase Ufsp in L. donovani abolishes Ufm1 processing and alters pathogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Gannavaram","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2138","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202801","article-title":"Live attenuated Leishmania donovani p27 gene knockout parasites are nonpathogenic and elicit long-term protective immunity in BALB\/c mice","volume":"190","author":"Dey","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2014.11.039","article-title":"Vaccination using live attenuated Leishmania donovani centrin deleted parasites induces protection in dogs against Leishmania infantum","volume":"33","author":"Fiuza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0004322","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004322","article-title":"Intradermal immunization of Leishmania donovani centrin knock-out parasites in combination with salivary protein LJM19 from sand fly vector induces a durable protective immune response in hamsters","volume":"10","author":"Fiuza","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33059","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33059","article-title":"Gene deleted live attenuated Leishmania vaccine candidates against visceral leishmaniasis elicit pro-inflammatory cytokines response in human PBMCs","volume":"6","author":"Avishek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.07.007","article-title":"Naive CD4(+) T cell frequency varies for different epitopes and predicts repertoire diversity and response magnitude","volume":"27","author":"Moon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201242715","article-title":"Tracking antigen-specific CD4+ T cells throughout the course of chronic Leishmania major infection in resistant mice","volume":"43","author":"Pagan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.12.022","article-title":"T cell receptor cross-reactivity between similar foreign and self peptides influences naive cell population size and autoimmunity","volume":"42","author":"Nelson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.9","article-title":"Tracking epitope-specific T cells","volume":"4","author":"Moon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Protoc"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2013.05.003","article-title":"The prevention of canine leishmaniasis and its impact on public health","volume":"29","author":"Otranto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00143-12","article-title":"Reassessment of immune correlates in human visceral leishmaniasis as defined by cytokine release in whole blood","volume":"19","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1179\/000349809X12554106963555","article-title":"Visceral leishmaniasis in Aba-Roba, south-western Ethiopia: prevalence and incidence of active and subclinical infections","volume":"103","author":"Hailu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Trop Med Parasitol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5559","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.67.11.5559-5566.1999","article-title":"Control of Leishmania infantum infection is associated with CD8(+) and gamma interferon- and interleukin-5-producing CD4(+) antigen-specific T cells","volume":"67","author":"Mary","year":"1999","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2379","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI38813","article-title":"IL-17 and IL-22 are associated with protection against human kala azar caused by Leishmania donovani","volume":"119","author":"Pitta","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2017.00200","article-title":"IFN-gamma, IL-2, IP-10, and MIG as biomarkers of exposure to Leishmania spp., and of cure in human visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"7","author":"Ibarra-Meneses","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1093\/trstmh\/trw027","article-title":"Detection of Leishmania donovani in peripheral blood of asymptomatic individuals in contact with patients with visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"110","author":"Banu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10125","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802331105","article-title":"Quantification of the infectious dose of Leishmania major transmitted to the skin by single sand flies","volume":"105","author":"Kimblin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.065","article-title":"Leishmanization revisited: immunization with a naturally attenuated cutaneous Leishmania donovani isolate from Sri Lanka protects against visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"31","author":"Mccall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad0483","article-title":"Most microbe-specific naive CD4(+) T cells produce memory cells during infection","volume":"351","author":"Tubo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000483","article-title":"The early generation of a heterogeneous CD4+ T cell response to Leishmania major","volume":"185","author":"Colpitts","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202ra121","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006406","article-title":"Vaccination with Leishmania hemoglobin receptor-encoding DNA protects against visceral leishmaniasis","volume":"5","author":"Guha","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00251-16","article-title":"Optimizing immunization strategies for the induction of antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell responses for protection against intracellular parasites","volume":"23","author":"Hofmeyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35","DOI":"10.1038\/cti.2015.6","article-title":"From mouse to man: safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of a candidate leishmaniasis vaccine LEISH-F3+GLA-SE","volume":"4","author":"Coler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Transl Immunology"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01788\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T05:09:26Z","timestamp":1603516166000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01788\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01788"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01788","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,12]]},"article-number":"1788"}}