{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T00:06:52Z","timestamp":1779235612949,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]],"date-time":"2018-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525651200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R21AR067012-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R21AR067012-01A1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00996","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]],"date-time":"2018-05-07T07:24:40Z","timestamp":1525677880000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Lineage-Specific Functionality of an Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Lupus Risk Haplotype: Lack of B Cell Intrinsic Effects"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Justine","family":"Calise","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Marquez Renteria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter K.","family":"Gregersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Betty","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1086\/428480","article-title":"Polymorphisms in the tyrosine kinase 2 and interferon regulatory factor 5 genes are associated with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"76","author":"Sigurdsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1782","article-title":"A common haplotype of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) regulates splicing and expression and is associated with increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"38","author":"Graham","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1990","article-title":"IRF5 promotes inflammatory macrophage polarization and TH1-TH17\u2009responses","volume":"12","author":"Krausgruber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21078","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M500543200","article-title":"Two discrete promoters regulate the alternatively spliced human interferon regulatory factor-5 isoforms. Multiple isoforms with distinct cell type-specific expression, localization, regulation, and function","volume":"280","author":"Mancl","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4421","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-01-263020","article-title":"IRF5 is required for late-phase TNF secretion by human dendritic cells","volume":"115","author":"Krausgruber","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23382","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M101216200","article-title":"Virus-specific activation of a novel interferon regulatory factor, IRF-5, results in the induction of distinct interferon alpha genes","volume":"276","author":"Barnes","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B7","first-page":"6424","article-title":"Interferon regulatory factor 5, a novel mediator of cell cycle arrest and cell death","volume":"63","author":"Barnes","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.07.060","article-title":"IRF5 and IRF5 disease-risk variants increase glycolysis and human M1 macrophage polarization by regulating proximal signaling and Akt2 activation","volume":"16","author":"Hedl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3958","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20798","article-title":"Coordinate overexpression of interferon-alpha-induced genes in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"50","author":"Kirou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22044","article-title":"Association of increased interferon-inducible gene expression with disease activity and lupus nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"54","author":"Feng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0337679100","article-title":"Interferon-inducible gene expression signature in peripheral blood cells of patients with severe lupus","volume":"100","author":"Baechler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021553","article-title":"Interferon and granulopoiesis signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus blood","volume":"197","author":"Bennett","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27223","article-title":"Genetic variants and disease-associated factors contribute to enhanced interferon regulatory factor 5 expression in blood cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"62","author":"Feng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5348","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103319","article-title":"IRF5 risk polymorphisms contribute to interindividual variance in pattern recognition receptor-mediated cytokine secretion in human monocyte-derived cells","volume":"188","author":"Hedl","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4664","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0911193107","article-title":"Critical role of IRF-5 in regulation of B-cell differentiation","volume":"107","author":"Lien","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e103478","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0103478","article-title":"Interferon regulatory factor-5 deficiency ameliorates disease severity in the MRL\/lpr mouse model of lupus in the absence of a mutation in DOCK2","volume":"9","author":"Yasuda","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxs114","article-title":"Phenotype and function of B cells and dendritic cells from interferon regulatory factor 5-deficient mice with and without a mutation in DOCK2","volume":"25","author":"Yasuda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10154","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1005599107","article-title":"Contribution of IRF5 in B cells to the development of murine SLE-like disease through its transcriptional control of the IgG2a locus","volume":"107","author":"Savitsky","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30183","article-title":"Interferon regulatory factor 5 is critical for the development of lupus in MRL\/lpr mice","volume":"63","author":"Tada","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102311","article-title":"Distinct regulation of murine lupus susceptibility genes by the IRF5\/Blimp-1 axis","volume":"188","author":"Panchanathan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200940184","article-title":"FcgammaRIIB regulation of BCR\/TLR-dependent autoreactive B-cell responses","volume":"40","author":"Avalos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.275","article-title":"IgG Fc receptors","volume":"19","author":"Ravetch","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60019-X","article-title":"Inhibitory pathways triggered by ITIM-containing receptors","volume":"72","author":"Bolland","year":"1999","journal-title":"Adv Immunol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2008.06.001","article-title":"Interferon-inducible Ifi200-family genes in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"119","author":"Choubey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2014.06.001","article-title":"IRF5-mediated signaling and implications for SLE","volume":"153","author":"Lazzari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00360","article-title":"Four promoters of IRF5 respond distinctly to stimuli and are affected by autoimmune-risk polymorphisms","volume":"4","author":"Clark","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R80","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3343","article-title":"Cis-regulation of IRF5 expression is unable to fully account for systemic lupus erythematosus association: analysis of multiple experiments with lymphoblastoid cell lines","volume":"13","author":"Alonso-Perez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2012.0105","article-title":"Molecular effects of autoimmune-risk promoter polymorphisms on expression, exon choice, and translational efficiency of interferon regulatory factor 5","volume":"34","author":"Clark","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Interferon Cytokine Res"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22497","article-title":"Structural insertion\/deletion variation in IRF5 is associated with a risk haplotype and defines the precise IRF5 isoforms expressed in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"56","author":"Kozyrev","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6758","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701266104","article-title":"Three functional variants of IFN regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) define risk and protective haplotypes for human lupus","volume":"104","author":"Graham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl469","article-title":"Association of IRF5 in UK SLE families identifies a variant involved in polyadenylation","volume":"16","author":"Cunninghame Graham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"872","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm359","article-title":"Comprehensive evaluation of the genetic variants of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) reveals a novel 5 bp length polymorphism as strong risk factor for systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"17","author":"Sigurdsson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594056","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/594056","article-title":"Effects of IRF5 lupus risk haplotype on pathways predicted to influence B cell functions","volume":"2012","author":"Guthridge","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biomed Biotechnol"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06006.x","article-title":"In vivo expression of human immunoglobulin germ-line mRNA in normal and in immunodeficient individuals","volume":"95","author":"Islam","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02588.x","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies capable of discriminating the human inhibitory Fcgamma-receptor IIB (CD32B) from the activating Fcgamma-receptor IIA (CD32A): biochemical, biological and functional characterization","volume":"121","author":"Veri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15393","article-title":"A global reference for human genetic variation","volume":"526","author":"Genomes Project","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2008.09.001","article-title":"B-cell tolerance checkpoints in health and autoimmunity","volume":"20","author":"Meffre","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7403","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0583","article-title":"Signaling through IFN regulatory factor-5 sensitizes p53-deficient tumors to DNA damage-induced apoptosis and cell death","volume":"65","author":"Hu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1994.tb06005.x","article-title":"Germ-line transcripts and class switching","volume":"95","author":"Farrant","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051503","article-title":"Selective dysregulation of the FcgammaIIB receptor on memory B cells in SLE","volume":"203","author":"Mackay","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000086","article-title":"Advances in lupus genetics and epigenetics","volume":"26","author":"Deng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2016.07.002","article-title":"DNA-reactive B cells in lupus","volume":"43","author":"Suurmond","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00996\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]],"date-time":"2018-05-07T07:24:45Z","timestamp":1525677885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journal.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00996\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00996"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00996","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,7]]},"article-number":"996"}}