{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T02:43:23Z","timestamp":1783997003219,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]],"date-time":"2019-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1553558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18ek0410030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18ek0410030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18ek0410045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18ek0410045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18gm1210003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18gm1210003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP18gm6110005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP18gm6110005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,27]],"date-time":"2019-03-27T18:31:14Z","timestamp":1553711474000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Immune Cell-Epithelial\/Mesenchymal Interaction Contributing to Allergic Airway Inflammation Associated Pathology"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Hirahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenta","family":"Shinoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Kiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ami","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kota","family":"Kokubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshinori","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"351","article-title":"Effects of microbial stimulation on the number, size and activity of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) structures in the pig","volume":"73","author":"Delventhal","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000028109","article-title":"Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is not present in the normal adult lung but in different diseases","volume":"68","author":"Tschernig","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pathobiology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.08.022","article-title":"Persistence and responsiveness of immunologic memory in the absence of secondary lymphoid organs","volume":"25","author":"Moyron-Quiroz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091472","article-title":"Induced bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue serves as a general priming site for T cells and is maintained by dendritic cells","volume":"206","author":"Halle","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.4.1685","article-title":"Lymphotoxin-alpha-deficient mice. Effects on secondary lymphoid organ development and humoral immune responsiveness","volume":"155","author":"Banks","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8171322","article-title":"Abnormal development of peripheral lymphoid organs in mice deficient in lymphotoxin","volume":"264","author":"De Togni","year":"1994","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1054","article-title":"Organogenesis of lymphoid tissues","volume":"3","author":"Mebius","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.189.2.403","article-title":"Lymphotoxin alpha\/beta and tumor necrosis factor are required for stromal cell expression of homing chemokines in B and T cell areas of the spleen","volume":"189","author":"Ngo","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10577","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700591104","article-title":"Pulmonary expression of CXC chemokine ligand 13, CC chemokine ligand 19, and CC chemokine ligand 21 is essential for local immunity to influenza","volume":"104","author":"Rangel-Moreno","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1022","article-title":"An essential function for the nuclear receptor RORgamma(t) in the generation of fetal lymphoid tissue inducer cells","volume":"5","author":"Eberl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2053","article-title":"The development of inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue depends on IL-17","volume":"12","author":"Rangel-Moreno","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2369","DOI":"10.1126\/science.288.5475.2369","article-title":"Requirement for RORgamma in thymocyte survival and lymphoid organ development","volume":"288","author":"Sun","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1038\/17812","article-title":"Development of peripheral lymphoid organs and natural killer cells depends on the helix-loop-helix inhibitor Id2","volume":"397","author":"Yokota","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091436","article-title":"Id2-, RORgammat-, and LTbetaR-independent initiation of lymphoid organogenesis in ocular immunity","volume":"206","author":"Nagatake","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.014","article-title":"Omental milky spots develop in the absence of lymphoid tissue-inducer cells and support B and T cell responses to peritoneal antigens","volume":"30","author":"Rangel-Moreno","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20090410","article-title":"Dendritic cells are crucial for maintenance of tertiary lymphoid structures in the lung of influenza virus-infected mice","volume":"206","author":"GeurtsvanKessel","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20061424","article-title":"Regulatory T cells interfere with the development of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue","volume":"204","author":"Kocks","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131737","article-title":"IL-17-induced CXCL12 recruits B cells and induces follicle formation in BALT in the absence of differentiated FDCs","volume":"211","author":"Fleige","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2007.12.004","article-title":"Ectopic lymphoid tissues and local immunity","volume":"20","author":"Carragher","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6861","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0801826","article-title":"Chemokine receptor CCR7 contributes to a rapid and efficient clearance of lytic murine gamma-herpes virus 68 from the lung, whereas bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue harbors virus during latency","volume":"182","author":"Kocks","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3183","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI28756","article-title":"Inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) in patients with pulmonary complications of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"116","author":"Rangel-Moreno","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.63.81","article-title":"The presence of specialized epithelial cells on the bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in the mouse","volume":"63","author":"Tango","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Histol Cytol"},{"key":"B23","first-page":"119","article-title":"Structure and function of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)","volume":"9","author":"Sminia","year":"1989","journal-title":"Crit Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B24","first-page":"471","article-title":"The response of rat bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue to local antigenic challenge","volume":"60","author":"Gregson","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Exp Pathol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smim.2008.03.001","article-title":"Homeostatic chemokines in development, plasticity, and functional organization of the intestinal immune system","volume":"20","author":"Forster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Immunol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20010685","article-title":"Lymphocyte homing to bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) is mediated by L-selectin\/PNAd, alpha4beta1 integrin\/VCAM-1, and LFA-1 adhesion pathways","volume":"197","author":"Xu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/1465-9921-10-97","article-title":"Expression of endothelia and lymphocyte adhesion molecules in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) in adult human lung","volume":"10","author":"Kawamata","year":"2009","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1240","article-title":"Chemokine receptor CCR7 guides T cell exit from peripheral tissues and entry into afferent lymphatics","volume":"6","author":"Bromley","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI19188","article-title":"Differential regulation of CCL21 in lymphoid\/nonlymphoid tissues for effectively attracting T cells to peripheral tissues","volume":"112","author":"Lo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2842","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1512600113","article-title":"Thy1+IL-7+ lymphatic endothelial cells in iBALT provide a survival niche for memory T-helper cells in allergic airway inflammation","volume":"113","author":"Shinoda","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1091","article-title":"Role of inducible bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) in respiratory immunity","volume":"10","author":"Moyron-Quiroz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1843.2000.00241.x","article-title":"Antigen uptake and subsequent cell kinetics in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue","volume":"5","author":"Toyoshima","year":"2000","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200504-594OC","article-title":"Cigarette smoke-induced emphysema: A role for the B cell?","volume":"173","author":"van der Strate","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200308-1167OC","article-title":"Aggregations of lymphoid cells in the airways of nonsmokers, smokers, and subjects with asthma","volume":"169","author":"Elliot","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3771","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502676","article-title":"Blomia tropicalis-specific TCR transgenic Th2 cells induce inducible BALT and severe asthma in mice by an IL-4\/IL-13-dependent mechanism","volume":"197","author":"Chua","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-051116-052350","article-title":"Th2 cells in health and disease","volume":"35","author":"Nakayama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-018-2936-5","article-title":"Isolated aggregates of lymphoid cells in the inner bronchial wall in asthma patients","volume":"374","author":"Tschernig","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.12.2143","article-title":"Interleukin-5 expression in the lung epithelium of transgenic mice leads to pulmonary changes pathognomonic of asthma","volume":"185","author":"Lee","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.184.6.2353","article-title":"Germinal center formation and local immunoglobulin E (IgE) production in the lung after an airway antigenic challenge","volume":"184","author":"Chvatchko","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(92)90479-L","article-title":"Localization of IgE to lung germinal lymphoid follicles in a patient with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis","volume":"90","author":"Slavin","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.11.004","article-title":"Interleukin-2-dependent allergen-specific tissue-resident memory cells drive asthma","volume":"44","author":"Hondowicz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90941-9","article-title":"Aetiology of asthma: lessons from lung transplantation","volume":"341","author":"Corris","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00140409","article-title":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cells in pulmonary lymphoid follicles of patients with COPD","volume":"36","author":"Van Pottelberge","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e7637","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007637","article-title":"Visualization and identification of IL-7 producing cells in reporter mice","volume":"4","author":"Mazzucchelli","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5510","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102243","article-title":"Cutting edge: tissue-retentive lung memory CD4 T cells mediate optimal protection to respiratory virus infection","volume":"187","author":"Teijaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2014.01.021","article-title":"Preferential lymphatic growth in bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue in sustained lung inflammation","volume":"184","author":"Baluk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.01.016","article-title":"The interleukin-33-p38 kinase axis confers memory T helper 2 cell pathogenicity in the airway","volume":"42","author":"Endo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alit.2017.03.005","article-title":"Maintenance of pathogenic Th2 cells in allergic disorders","volume":"66","author":"Shinoda","year":"2017","journal-title":"Allergol Int."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2006.05.031","article-title":"Nasal IL-5 levels determine the response to anti-IL-5 treatment in patients with nasal polyps","volume":"118","author":"Gevaert","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.08.007","article-title":"Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase defines a proeosinophilic pathogenic effector human T(H)2 cell subpopulation with enhanced function","author":"Mitson-Salazar","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaam9171","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aam9171","article-title":"A phenotypically and functionally distinct human TH2 cell subpopulation is associated with allergic disorders","volume":"9","author":"Wambre","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2015.01.020","article-title":"Emerging functions of amphiregulin in orchestrating immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair","volume":"42","author":"Zaiss","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1746","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133715","article-title":"Amphiregulin, a TH2 cytokine enhancing resistance to nematodes","volume":"314","author":"Zaiss","year":"2006","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.04.023","article-title":"Amphiregulin-producing pathogenic memory T helper 2 cells instruct eosinophils to secrete osteopontin and facilitate airway fibrosis","author":"Morimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2004.10.004","article-title":"FcepsilonRI-mediated amphiregulin production by human mast cells increases mucin gene expression in epithelial cells","volume":"115","author":"Okumura","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.04.047","article-title":"Remodeling in asthma","volume":"128","author":"Al-Muhsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2019.01.008","article-title":"A macrophage-pericyte axis directs tissue restoration via amphiregulin-induced transforming growth factor beta activation","volume":"50","author":"Minutti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.11.006","article-title":"Amphiregulin: an early trigger of liver regeneration in mice","volume":"128","author":"Berasain","year":"2005","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4326","article-title":"A heart-brain-kidney network controls adaptation to cardiac stress through tissue macrophage activation","volume":"23","author":"Fujiu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0824-5","article-title":"Brain regulatory T cells suppress astrogliosis and potentiate neurological recovery","volume":"565","author":"Ito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00570\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T22:50:42Z","timestamp":1694731842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00570\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"references-count":60,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00570","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,26]]},"article-number":"570"}}