{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T03:36:23Z","timestamp":1784172983998,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000738","name":"U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012051","name":"Lupus Research Alliance","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012051","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T04:40:16Z","timestamp":1554180016000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Lysosomal pH Is Regulated in a Sex Dependent Manner in Immune Cells Expressing CXorf21"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Valerie M.","family":"Harris","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isaac T. W.","family":"Harley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Biji T.","family":"Kurien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kristi A.","family":"Koelsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert Hal","family":"Scofield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(21)00731-6","article-title":"Anti-Ro in Sjogren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"18","author":"Harley","year":"1992","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2815","article-title":"The X chromosome in immune functions: when a chromosome makes the difference","volume":"10","author":"Libert","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2792","article-title":"Variants at multiple loci implicated in both innate and adaptive immune responses are associated with Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"45","author":"Lessard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.81","article-title":"Genome-wide association scan in women with systemic lupus erythematosus identifies susceptibility variants in ITGAM, PXK, KIAA1542 and other loci","volume":"40","author":"Harley","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707865","article-title":"Association of systemic lupus erythematosus with C8orf13-BLK and ITGAM-ITGAX","volume":"358","author":"Hom","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3603","article-title":"Genome-wide association meta-analysis in Chinese and European individuals identifies ten new loci associated with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"48","author":"Morris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2009.20","article-title":"Peripheral blood gene expression profiling in Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Emamian","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021553","article-title":"Interferon and granulopoiesis signatures in systemic lupus erythematosus blood","volume":"197","author":"Bennett","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.08.010","article-title":"Type I interferon in systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune diseases","volume":"25","author":"Banchereau","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2018.64.10.7","article-title":"Meta-analysis of gene expression profiles of peripheral blood cells in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"64","author":"Bae","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01957","article-title":"Up-regulation of TLR7-mediated IFN-alpha production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"9","author":"Sakata","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12383","article-title":"Endosomal Toll-like receptors in clinically overt and silent autoimmunity","volume":"269","author":"Clancy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-013-9887-0","article-title":"Distinct autoantibody profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus patients are selectively associated with TLR7 and TLR9 upregulation","volume":"33","author":"Chauhan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2801","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646573","article-title":"The transcriptional repressor Gfi1 prevents lupus autoimmunity by restraining TLR7 signaling","volume":"46","author":"Desnues","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Immunol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0156302","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156302","article-title":"BANK1 regulates IgG production in a lupus model by controlling TLR7-dependent STAT1 activation","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24477","DOI":"10.1038\/srep24477","article-title":"Plasmacytoid dendritic cells orchestrate TLR7-mediated innate and adaptive immunity for the initiation of autoimmune inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Takagi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747287","article-title":"Altered toll-like receptor responsiveness underlies a dominant heritable defect in B cell tolerance in autoimmune","volume":"48","author":"Clark","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Zeal Black Mice."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3434","article-title":"Genetic association analyses implicate aberrant regulation of innate and adaptive immunity genes in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"47","author":"Bentham","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.06.043","article-title":"The bioplex network: a systematic exploration of the human interactome","volume":"162","author":"Huttlin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.08.011","article-title":"The histidine transporter SLC15A4 coordinates mTOR-dependent inflammatory responses and pathogenic antibody production","volume":"41","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23818","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.033670","article-title":"pH-dependent internalization of muramyl peptides from early endosomes enables Nod1 and Nod2 signaling","volume":"284","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24265","article-title":"Landscape of X chromosome inactivation across human tissues","volume":"550","author":"Tukiainen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2511","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23701","article-title":"Klinefelter's syndrome (47,XXY) in male systemic lupus erythematosus patients: support for the notion of a gene-dose effect from the X chromosome","volume":"58","author":"Scofield","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2016.04.002","article-title":"Klinefelter's syndrome (47,XXY) is in excess among men with Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"168","author":"Harris","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39560","article-title":"X chromosome dose and sex bias in autoimmune diseases: increased prevalence of 47,XXX in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"68","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq302","article-title":"The lupus family registry and repository","volume":"50","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Rheumatology."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3741","article-title":"A genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies a restricted set of HIV host dependency factors","volume":"49","author":"Park","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.90","article-title":"Sex differences in immune responses","volume":"16","author":"Klein","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2009.12.008","article-title":"The geoepidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"9","author":"Borchers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.080957","article-title":"Clinical features and prognosis of late-onset systemic lupus erythematosus: results from the 1000 faces of lupus study","volume":"37","author":"Lalani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B31","first-page":"228","article-title":"Sex hormones in male patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a comparison with other disease groups","volume":"6","author":"Mackworth-Young","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur J Rheumatol Inflamm."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1007\/s100670050075","article-title":"Hormonal profiles and immunological studies of male lupus in Taiwan","volume":"18","author":"Chang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1423.010","article-title":"X monosomy in female systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"1110","author":"Invernizzi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939709003851","article-title":"X-chromosome inactivation in monozygotic twins with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"26","author":"Huang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Autoimmunity."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40207","article-title":"Rare X chromosome abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"69","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2009.37","article-title":"46,X,del(X)(q13) Turner's syndrome women with systemic lupus erythematosus in a pedigree multiplex for SLE","volume":"10","author":"Cooney","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genes Immun"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03479","article-title":"X-inactivation profile reveals extensive variability in X-linked gene expression in females","volume":"434","author":"Carrel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aap8855","article-title":"TLR7 escapes X chromosome inactivation in immune cells","volume":"3","author":"Souyris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.186","article-title":"New insights into the immunopathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"12","author":"Tsokos","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00057-x","article-title":"Endosomal NOX2 oxidase exacerbates virus pathogenicity and is a target for antiviral therapy","volume":"8","author":"To","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3403","article-title":"Combating oxidative stress in vascular disease: NADPH oxidases as therapeutic targets","volume":"10","author":"Drummond","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1552","article-title":"Rab27a regulates phagosomal pH and NADPH oxidase recruitment to dendritic cell phagosomes","volume":"9","author":"Jancic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.05.035","article-title":"NOX2 controls phagosomal pH to regulate antigen processing during crosspresentation by dendritic cells","volume":"126","author":"Savina","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199101173240303","article-title":"A randomized study of the effect of withdrawing hydroxychloroquine sulfate in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"324","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1191\/096120301678646137","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in lupus pregnancy: double-blind and placebo-controlled study","volume":"10","author":"Levy","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339600500313","article-title":"Controlled trial with chloroquine diphosphate in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"5","author":"Meinao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203302lu203ra","article-title":"Protective effect of hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus. Prospective long-term study of an Israeli cohort","volume":"11","author":"Molad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21039","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: XVI. Association of hydroxychloroquine use with reduced risk of damage accrual","volume":"52","author":"Fessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120572","article-title":"The early protective effect of hydroxychloroquine on the risk of cumulative damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"40","author":"Akhavan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e167-80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2014.03.007","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine: a multifaceted treatment in lupus","volume":"43","author":"Costedoat-Chalumeau","year":"2014","journal-title":"Presse Med."},{"key":"B51","first-page":"55","article-title":"Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine equally affect tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, and interferon-gamma production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"24","author":"van den Borne","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R155","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3895","article-title":"Hydroxychloroquine is associated with impaired interferon-alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by plasmacytoid dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"14","author":"Sacre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-3623(97)00269-3","article-title":"Antimalarial drugs inhibit phospholipase A2 activation and induction of interleukin 1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha in macrophages: implications for their mode of action in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"30","author":"Bondeson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gen Pharmacol."},{"key":"B54","first-page":"803","article-title":"Selective regulation of cytokine secretion by hydroxychloroquine: inhibition of interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1-alpha) and IL-6 in human monocytes and T cells","volume":"20","author":"Sperber","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00578\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,15]],"date-time":"2022-09-15T00:46:01Z","timestamp":1663202761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00578\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00578"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00578","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]]},"article-number":"578"}}