{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T18:21:15Z","timestamp":1777486875207,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T12:34:16Z","timestamp":1564749256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Mass Cytometry Discovers Two Discrete Subsets of CD39\u2212Treg Which Discriminate MGUS From Multiple Myeloma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Felix","family":"Marsh-Wakefield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Annabel","family":"Kruzins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen M.","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shihong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Fazekas de St. Groth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najah","family":"Nassif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott N.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Derek","family":"McCulloch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgina","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas","family":"Joshua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phoebe Joy","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slavica","family":"Vuckovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2599","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-09-692954","article-title":"MGUS to myeloma: a mysterious gammopathy of underexplored significance","volume":"128","author":"Dhodapkar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e25619","DOI":"10.4161\/onci.25619","article-title":"Contribution of regulatory T cells to immunosuppression and disease progression in multiple myeloma patients","volume":"2","author":"Raja","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2008.00634.x","article-title":"CD4+ T-regulatory cells: toward therapy for human diseases","volume":"223","author":"Allan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2785","article-title":"FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in the human immune system","volume":"10","author":"Sakaguchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.019","article-title":"Functional delineation and differentiation dynamics of human CD4+ T cells expressing the FoxP3 transcription factor","volume":"30","author":"Miyara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-150524","article-title":"CD49d provides access to \u201cuntouched\u201d human Foxp3+ Treg free of contaminating effector cells","volume":"113","author":"Kleinewietfeld","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.23940","article-title":"ICOS signal facilitates Foxp3 transcription to favor suppressive function of regulatory T cells","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4430","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-11-392324","article-title":"Functionally distinct subsets of human FOXP3+ Treg cells that phenotypically mirror effector Th cells","volume":"119","author":"Duhen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-12-064527","article-title":"Expression of ectonucleotidase CD39 by Foxp3+ Treg cells: hydrolysis of extracellular ATP and immune suppression","volume":"110","author":"Borsellino","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00305","article-title":"Roles and modalities of ectonucleotidases in remodeling the multiple myeloma niche","volume":"8","author":"Chillemi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1198704","article-title":"Single-cell mass cytometry of differential immune and drug responses across a human hematopoietic continuum","volume":"332","author":"Bendall","year":"2011","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500703","article-title":"Phenotypic complexity of the human regulatory T cell compartment revealed by mass cytometry","volume":"195","author":"Mason","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI88169","article-title":"Blocking IFNAR1 inhibits multiple myeloma-driven Treg expansion and immunosuppression","volume":"128","author":"Kawano","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e35981","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0035981","article-title":"Tumour cell generation of inducible regulatory T-cells in multiple myeloma is contact-dependent and antigen-presenting cell-independent","volume":"7","author":"Feyler","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.3273252","article-title":"Cytometry analysis pipeline for large and complex datasets v2.5. GitHub repository","author":"Ashhurst","year":"2018"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22625","article-title":"FlowSOM: using self-organizing maps for visualization and interpretation of cytometry data","volume":"87","author":"Van Gassen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"B17","first-page":"2579","article-title":"Visualizing data using t-SNE","volume":"9","author":"van der Maaten","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3613","article-title":"Immunity, inflammation and cancer: a leading role for adenosine","volume":"13","author":"Antonioli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2010.03291.x","article-title":"Expression of CD39 by human peripheral blood CD4+ CD25+ T cells denotes a regulatory memory phenotype","volume":"10","author":"Dwyer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-018-0582-8","article-title":"Next generation of immune checkpoint therapy in cancer: new developments and challenges","volume":"11","author":"Marin-Acevedo","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Hematol Oncol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20102101","article-title":"Chemokine receptor CXCR3 facilitates CD8(+) T cell differentiation into short-lived effector cells leading to memory degeneration","volume":"208","author":"Kurachi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1742","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081742","article-title":"Markers of T cell senescence in humans","volume":"18","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.08.003","article-title":"CD8(+) T cell differentiation: choosing a path through T-bet","volume":"27","author":"Hamilton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701025","article-title":"Identity and diversity of human peripheral Th and T regulatory cells defined by single-cell mass cytometry","volume":"200","author":"Kunicki","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.21746","article-title":"Characterization of bone marrow T cells in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, multiple myeloma, and plasma cell leukemia demonstrates increased infiltration by cytotoxic\/Th1 T cells demonstrating a squed TCR-Vbeta repertoire","volume":"106","author":"P\u00e9rez-Andres","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.199","article-title":"Intraclonal heterogeneity is a critical early event in the development of myeloma and precedes the development of clinical symptoms","volume":"28","author":"Walker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-018-0206-x","article-title":"Subclonal evolution in disease progression from MGUS\/SMM to multiple myeloma is characterised by clonal stability","volume":"33","author":"Dutta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3363","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-05058-y","article-title":"Genomic patterns of progression in smoldering multiple myeloma","volume":"9","author":"Bolli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4345","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-0472","article-title":"A unique subset of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ T cells secreting interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta1 mediates suppression in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"13","author":"Strauss","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.08.014","article-title":"Granzyme B and perforin are important for regulatory T cell-mediated suppression of tumor clearance","volume":"27","author":"Cao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2012.00113","article-title":"An emerging role for adenosine and its receptors in bone homeostasis","volume":"3","author":"Ham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1743","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.269","article-title":"ENTPD1\/CD39 is a promising therapeutic target in oncology","volume":"32","author":"Bastid","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2877","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-07-2505","article-title":"CCR6 expression defines regulatory effector\/memory-like cells within the CD25(+)CD4+ T-cell subset","volume":"105","author":"Kleinewietfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7602","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901881","article-title":"CD39+Foxp3+ regulatory T Cells suppress pathogenic Th17 cells and are impaired in multiple sclerosis","volume":"183","author":"Fletcher","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI98888","article-title":"Bone marrow transplantation generates T cell-dependent control of myeloma in mice","volume":"129","author":"Vuckovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5385","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-10-246660","article-title":"Elevated IL-17 produced by TH17 cells promotes myeloma cell growth and inhibits immune function in multiple myeloma","volume":"115","author":"Prabhala","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1506348","article-title":"Targeting CD38 with daratumumab monotherapy in multiple myeloma","volume":"373","author":"Lokhorst","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/imcb.1003","article-title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy: a focus on T-regulatory cells","volume":"96","author":"Sasidharan Nair","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunol Cell Biol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10160","article-title":"In vivo imaging of Treg cells providing immune privilege to the haematopoietic stem-cell niche","volume":"474","author":"Fujisaki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.01.067","article-title":"T regulatory cells support plasma cell populations in the bone marrow","volume":"18","author":"Glatman Zaretsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01596\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]],"date-time":"2019-08-02T12:34:20Z","timestamp":1564749260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01596\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]]},"references-count":40,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01596"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01596","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,2]]},"article-number":"1596"}}