{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T21:54:51Z","timestamp":1783979691439,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]],"date-time":"2019-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]],"date-time":"2019-08-13T05:17:23Z","timestamp":1565673443000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment of HCV Infection Does Not Resolve the Dysfunction of Circulating CD8+ T-Cells in Advanced Liver Disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Agatha","family":"Vranjkovic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felicia","family":"Deonarine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaima","family":"Kaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan B.","family":"Angel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curtis L.","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela M.","family":"Crawley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2564","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i10.2564","article-title":"Immune dysfunction in cirrhosis","volume":"20","author":"Sipeki","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3623","article-title":"Liver fibrosis and repair: immune regulation of wound healing in a solid organ","volume":"14","author":"Pellicoro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(16)30181-9","article-title":"Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015: a modelling study","volume":"2","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S35","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.36806","article-title":"Natural history of chronic hepatitis C","volume":"36","author":"Seeff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12108","article-title":"Regression of liver fibrosis is progressive after sustained virological response to HCV therapy in patients with hepatitis C and HIV coinfection","volume":"20","author":"Casado","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2012.04249.x","article-title":"Combining semiquantitative measures of fibrosis and qualitative features of parenchymal remodelling to identify fibrosis regression in hepatitis C: a multiple biopsy study","volume":"61","author":"Pattullo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histopathology."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000964","article-title":"Regression of liver fibrosis over a 24-week period after completing direct-acting antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C receiving care within the national hepatitis C elimination program in Georgia: results of hepatology clinic HEPA experience","volume":"29","author":"Dolmazashvili","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2005.03800.x","article-title":"Risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic hepatitis C who achieved a sustained virological response to interferon therapy","volume":"20","author":"Tokita","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit234","article-title":"A risk for hepatocellular carcinoma persists long-term after sustained virologic response in patients with hepatitis C-associated liver cirrhosis","volume":"57","author":"Aleman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.05.010","article-title":"Delisting of liver transplant candidates with chronic hepatitis C after viral eradication: a European study","volume":"65","author":"Belli","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21541","article-title":"Dysfunction and functional restoration of HCV-specific CD8 responses in chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"45","author":"Penna","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5550","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.12.5550-5558.2001","article-title":"Sustained dysfunction of antiviral CD8+ T lymphocytes after infection with hepatitis C virus","volume":"75","author":"Gruener","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979468","article-title":"Chronic infections with hepatotropic viruses: mechanisms of impairment of cellular immune responses","volume":"27","author":"Rehermann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20749","article-title":"Comprehensive analyses of CD8+ T cell responses during longitudinal study of acute human hepatitis C","volume":"42","author":"Cox","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3447","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.6.3447","article-title":"Impaired effector function of hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T cells in chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"169","author":"Wedemeyer","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-010-0626-z","article-title":"Distributional characteristics of CD25 and CD127 on CD4+ T cell subsets in chronic HCV infection","volume":"155","author":"Shen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12158","article-title":"Characteristics of splenic CD8+ T cell exhaustion in patients with hepatitis C","volume":"174","author":"Sumida","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118931","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of the peripheral blood cytotoxic T lymphocyte response in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"98","author":"Rehermann","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e77008","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077008","article-title":"T lymphocytes from chronic HCV-infected patients are primed for activation-induced apoptosis and express unique pro-apoptotic gene signature","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.3.1744","article-title":"Pervasive influence of hepatitis C virus on the phenotype of antiviral CD8+ T cells","volume":"172","author":"Lucas","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0157055","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0157055","article-title":"Generalized liver- and blood-derived CD8+ T-cell impairment in response to cytokines in chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"11","author":"Burke Schinkel","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv391","article-title":"Immunological analysis during interferon-free therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus infection reveals modulation of the natural killer cell compartment","volume":"213","author":"Spaan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646447","article-title":"Nonreversible MAIT cell-dysfunction in chronic hepatitis C virus infection despite successful interferon-free therapy","volume":"46","author":"Hengst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10429","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01094-10","article-title":"Comparison of immune restoration in early versus late alpha interferon therapy against hepatitis C virus","volume":"84","author":"Abdel-Hakeem","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.07.005","article-title":"Signatures of protective memory immune responses during hepatitis C virus reinfection","volume":"147","author":"Abdel-Hakeem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E252","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8030252","article-title":"Hepatitis C direct acting antivirals and ribavirin modify lipid but not glucose parameters","volume":"8","author":"Doyle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cells."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00342-08","article-title":"Optimization and limitations of use of cryopreserved peripheral blood mononuclear cells for functional and phenotypic T-cell characterization","volume":"16","author":"Weinberg","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Vaccine Immunol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4330","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.7.4330","article-title":"Three memory subsets of human CD8+ T cells differently expressing three cytolytic effector molecules","volume":"177","author":"Takata","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12882","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus core protein reduces CD8(+) T-cell proliferation, perforin production and degranulation but increases STAT5 activation","volume":"154","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.200324478","article-title":"Phenotypic classification of human CD8+ T cells reflecting their function: inverse correlation between quantitative expression of CD27 and cytotoxic effector function","volume":"34","author":"Tomiyama","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8578051","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8578051","article-title":"Restoring inflammatory mediator balance after sofosbuvir-induced viral clearance in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"2018","author":"Saraiva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mediat Inflamm."},{"key":"B32","first-page":"79","article-title":"Changes in serum transforming growth factor-beta1 levels in chronic hepatitis C patients under antiviral therapy","volume":"29","author":"Kotsiri","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Gastroenterol."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e07916","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.07916","article-title":"Bystander hyperactivation of preimmune CD8+ T cells in chronic HCV patients","volume":"4","author":"Alanio","year":"2015","journal-title":"Elife."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1074","article-title":"Rapid changes in peripheral lymphocyte concentrations during interferon-free treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"1","author":"Meissner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27202","article-title":"Telaprevir-based treatment effects on hepatitis C virus in liver and blood","volume":"60","author":"Talal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2736","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02736","article-title":"Naive CD8(+) T-cells engage a versatile metabolic program upon activation in humans and differ energetically from memory CD8(+) T-cells","volume":"9","author":"Nicoli","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3400","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.6.3400","article-title":"CD4 T cell depletion is linked directly to immune activation in the pathogenesis of HIV-1 and HIV-2 but only indirectly to the viral load","volume":"169","author":"Sousa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2010.01293.x","article-title":"Stronger hepatitis C virus-specific CD8+ T-cell responses in HIV coinfection","volume":"18","author":"Barrett","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12102","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.05607-11","article-title":"Antigen-dependent and -independent mechanisms of T and B cell hyperactivation during chronic HIV-1 infection","volume":"85","author":"Haas","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2012.10.001","article-title":"Chronic bystander infections and immunity to unrelated antigens","volume":"12","author":"Stelekati","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2010.02.005","article-title":"Features of responding T cells in cancer and chronic infection","volume":"22","author":"Kim","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2018.10.003","article-title":"Bystander T cells: a balancing act of friends and foes","volume":"39","author":"Whiteside","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2035","article-title":"T cell exhaustion","volume":"12","author":"Wherry","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00270","article-title":"Type I interferon elevates co-regulatory receptor expression on CMV- and EBV-specific CD8 T cells in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"6","author":"Owusu Sekyere","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8140","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.17.8140-8150.2000","article-title":"Functional heterogeneity and high frequencies of cytomegalovirus-specific CD8(+) T lymphocytes in healthy seropositive donors","volume":"74","author":"Gillespie","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1998.4638","article-title":"Role of cytomegalovirus in the T cell changes seen in elderly individuals","volume":"90","author":"Looney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2004.02.014","article-title":"CD8(+) T-cell immunity to cytomegalovirus","volume":"65","author":"Moss","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Immunol."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"996","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2691","article-title":"Immune surveillance by the liver","volume":"14","author":"Jenne","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.01.007","article-title":"Hepatic interleukin-7 expression regulates T cell responses","volume":"30","author":"Sawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01443","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01443-17","article-title":"According to Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection stage, interleukin-7 plus 4\u20131BB triggering alone or combined with PD-1 blockade increases TRAF1(low) HCV-specific CD8(+) cell reactivity","volume":"92","author":"Moreno-Cubero","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-300515","article-title":"Lack of full CD8 functional restoration after antiviral treatment for acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"61","author":"Missale","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7860","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.12.7860-7867.2005","article-title":"T cells with a CD4+CD25+ regulatory phenotype suppress in vitro proliferation of virus-specific CD8+ T cells during chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"79","author":"Boettler","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15050","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15050","article-title":"TCF1(+) hepatitis C virus-specific CD8(+) T cells are maintained after cessation of chronic antigen stimulation","volume":"8","author":"Wieland","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01071","article-title":"Past life and future effects-how heterologous infections alter immunity to influenza viruses","volume":"9","author":"Souquette","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S1590-8658(01)80134-1","article-title":"Bacterial infection in patients with advanced cirrhosis: a multicentre prospective study","volume":"33","author":"Borzio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Digest Liver Dis."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.02.031","article-title":"Immune dysfunction and infections in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"9","author":"Bonnel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(03)00194-X","article-title":"Severe influenza infection in a chronic hepatitis C carrier: failure of protective serum HI antibodies after IM vaccination","volume":"29","author":"Greenbaum","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Virol."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.11.064","article-title":"Humoral and cellular immune responses to influenza vaccine in patients with advanced cirrhosis","volume":"24","author":"Cheong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.02.052","article-title":"Impaired hepatitis B vaccine responses during chronic hepatitis C infection: involvement of the PD-1 pathway in regulating CD4(+) T cell responses","volume":"29","author":"Moorman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510310134","article-title":"Decreased immunogenicity of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in chronic hepatitis C","volume":"31","author":"Wiedmann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2000.9873","article-title":"Antibody response to hepatitis B virus vaccination in individuals with hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"32","author":"De Maria","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hepatology."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E423","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10110423","article-title":"TGFbeta imprinting during activation promotes natural killer cell cytokine hypersecretion","volume":"10","author":"Foltz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancers."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030239","article-title":"Memory CD8+ T cells are required for protection from persistent hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"197","author":"Shoukry","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2010.00977.x","article-title":"Prospects for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines against the hepatitis C viruses","volume":"239","author":"Houghton","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13321","article-title":"The impact of direct antiviral agents on the development and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"37","author":"Reig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.06.015","article-title":"Early occurrence and recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV-related cirrhosis treated with direct-acting antivirals","volume":"65","author":"Conti","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2584","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.144878","article-title":"Association between sustained virological response and all-cause mortality among patients with chronic hepatitis C and advanced hepatic fibrosis","volume":"308","author":"van der Meer","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-med-012017-043208","article-title":"CD8 T cell exhaustion in chronic infection and cancer: opportunities for interventions","volume":"69","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med."},{"key":"B69","article-title":"Incidence and pattern of \u201cde novo\u201d hepatocellular carcinoma in HCV patients treated with oral DAAs","volume-title":"Conference 2018.","author":"Romano","year":"2018"},{"key":"B70","first-page":"185","article-title":"The Association of extrahepatic cancers with chronic hepatitis C virus infection","volume":"12","author":"Nyberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aae0491","article-title":"The epigenetic landscape of T cell exhaustion","volume":"354","author":"Sen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01926\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]],"date-time":"2019-08-13T05:17:27Z","timestamp":1565673447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01926\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]]},"references-count":71,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01926"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01926","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]]},"article-number":"1926"}}