{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T09:29:49Z","timestamp":1792315789115,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":151,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81671460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81671460"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81871167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81871167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T00:47:08Z","timestamp":1571359628000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":423,"title":["Dynamic Function and Composition Changes of Immune Cells During Normal and Pathological Pregnancy at the Maternal-Fetal Interface"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Fenglian","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingliang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liping","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00125","article-title":"Innate and adaptive immune interactions at the fetal-maternal interface in healthy human pregnancy and pre-eclampsia","volume":"5","author":"Hsu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12817","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12817","article-title":"Uterine natural killer cell progenitor populations predict successful implantation in women with endometriosis-associated infertility","volume":"79","author":"Glover","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8010961","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8010961","article-title":"Maternal adaptive immune cells in decidua parietalis display a more activated and coinhibitory phenotype compared to decidua basalis","volume":"2017","author":"Solders","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.11690.1","article-title":"Up-and-down immunity of pregnancy in humans","volume":"6","author":"Le Bouteiller","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800058","article-title":"Immune cells at the fetomaternal interface: how the microenvironment modulates immune cells to foster fetal development","volume":"2012","author":"Schumacher","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2017.03.001","article-title":"Uterine NK cells and macrophages in pregnancy","volume":"56","author":"Faas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.08.032","article-title":"Altered decidual DC-SIGN+ antigen-presenting cells and impaired regulatory T-cell induction in preeclampsia","volume":"1816","author":"Hsu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.082763jb","article-title":"Immune cells in the placental bed","author":"Bulmer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2015.09.001","article-title":"Menstrual cycle distribution of uterine natural killer cells is altered in heavy menstrual bleeding","volume":"112","author":"Biswas Shivhare","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.099465","article-title":"Maternal decidual macrophages inhibit NK cell killing of invasive cytotrophoblasts during human pregnancy","volume":"886","author":"Co","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-08-105965","article-title":"Recruitment of circulating NK cells through decidual tissues: a possible mechanism controlling NK cell accumulation in the uterus during early pregnancy","volume":"1116","author":"Carlino","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.3.1869","article-title":"Endometrial NK cells are special immature cells that await pregnancy","volume":"1813","author":"Manaster","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2402","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016257108","article-title":"CD34+ hematopoietic precursors are present in human decidua and differentiate into natural killer cells upon interaction with stromal cells","volume":"1086","author":"Vacca","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1038\/mi.2016.50","article-title":"Composition and dynamics of the uterine NK cell KIR repertoire in menstrual blood","volume":"102","author":"Ivarsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mucosal Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(89)90060-8","article-title":"Immunocytochemical characterization of the unusual large granular lymphocytes in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle","volume":"243","author":"King","year":"1989","journal-title":"Human Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0904192","article-title":"Fluctuation of peripheral blood T, B, and NK cells during a menstrual cycle of normal healthy women","volume":"1851","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0385-3","article-title":"The dynamic changes in the number of uterine natural killer cells are specific to the eutopic but not to the ectopic endometrium in women and in a baboon model of endometriosis","volume":"161","author":"Drury","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1519","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev098","article-title":"First do no harm: uterine natural killer (NK) cells in assisted reproduction","volume":"307","author":"Moffett","year":"2015","journal-title":"Human Reprod"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00467","article-title":"Uterine natural killer cells: functional distinctions and influence on pregnancy in humans and mice","volume":"8","author":"Gaynor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2911","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20171070","article-title":"Natural killer cells and T lymphocytes in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia","volume":"13124","author":"Taylor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1038\/nri886","article-title":"Natural killer cells and pregnancy","volume":"29","author":"Moffett-King","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2009.08.001","article-title":"Decidual leucocyte populations in early to late gestation normal human pregnancy","volume":"821","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1452","article-title":"Decidual NK cells regulate key developmental processes at the human fetal-maternal interface","volume":"12","author":"Hanna","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0406250","article-title":"Expression of angiogenic growth factors by uterine natural killer cells during early pregnancy","volume":"803","author":"Lash","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(98)90055-8","article-title":"Decidual spiral artery remodelling begins before cellular interaction with cytotrophoblasts","volume":"194","author":"Craven","year":"1998","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.2.259","article-title":"Interferon gamma contributes to initiation of uterine vascular modification, decidual integrity, and uterine natural killer cell maturation during normal murine pregnancy","volume":"1922","author":"Ashkar","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/5.5.559","article-title":"Cytokine production by CD16-CD56bright natural killer cells in the human early pregnancy decidua","volume":"55","author":"Saito","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2007.04.008","article-title":"GM-CSF regulation of embryo development and pregnancy","author":"Robertson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dms015","article-title":"Extravillous trophoblast and decidual natural killer cells: a remodelling partnership","volume":"184","author":"Wallace","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.03019.x","article-title":"Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) expression of primary trophoblast cells and placental cell lines, determined using single antigen beads to characterize allotype specificities of anti-HLA antibodies","volume":"1271","author":"Apps","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3026","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1501229","article-title":"Tissue-specific education of decidual NK cells","volume":"1957","author":"Sharkey","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3370","article-title":"Variable NK cell receptors and their MHC class I ligands in immunity, reproduction and human evolution","volume":"132","author":"Parham","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S81","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.1999.0520","article-title":"Recognition of trophoblast HLA class I molecules by decidual NK cell receptors\u2014a review","volume":"21","author":"King","year":"2000","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0698-6","article-title":"Single-cell reconstruction of the early maternal-fetal interface in humans","volume":"5637731","author":"Vento-Tormo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2007.03.009","article-title":"NK cells and pre-eclampsia","author":"Sargent","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20041214","article-title":"Combinations of maternal KIR and fetal HLA-C genes influence the risk of preeclampsia and reproductive success","volume":"2008","author":"Hiby","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20072525","article-title":"CD94-NKG2A recognition of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E bound to an HLA class I leader sequence","volume":"2053","author":"Petrie","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2007.10.006","article-title":"The unique properties of human NK cells in the uterine mucosa","volume":"29","author":"Manaster","year":"2008","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.1999.tb01396.x","article-title":"The functionality of HLA-G is emerging","volume":"167","author":"Le Bouteiller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.11.018","article-title":"Natural killer cells promote fetal development through the secretion of growth-promoting factors","volume":"476","author":"Fu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2003.11.007","article-title":"Comparison of decidual leukocytes following spontaneous vaginal delivery and elective cesarean section in uncomplicated human term pregnancy","author":"Sindram-Trujillo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032414-112220","article-title":"Macrophages: development and tissue specialization","volume":"33","author":"Varol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12224","article-title":"Tissue macrophage identity and self-renewal","volume":"2621","author":"Gentek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1209796","article-title":"Invasion of the leukocytes into the fetal-maternal interface during pregnancy","volume":"884","author":"Gomez-Lopez","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2017.10.045","article-title":"The role of decidual immune cells on human pregnancy","volume":"124","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0191040","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0191040","article-title":"VEGF may contribute to macrophage recruitment and M2 polarization in the decidua","volume":"131","author":"Wheeler","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2013.11.004","article-title":"Macrophage polarization and function with emphasis on the evolving roles of coordinated regulation of cellular signaling pathways","volume":"262","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Signal"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-018-0008-0","article-title":"Three macrophage subsets are identified in the uterus during early human pregnancy","volume":"15","author":"Jiang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12477","article-title":"The Role of Decidual Macrophages During Normal and Pathological Pregnancy","volume":"753","author":"Ning","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0712327","article-title":"The importance of the macrophage within the human endometrium","volume":"932","author":"Thiruchelvam","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2008.02.004","article-title":"Comparison of macrophage phenotype between decidua basalis and decidua parietalis by flow cytometry","volume":"295","author":"Repnik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2018.04.012","article-title":"Innate immune cells in the placental bed in healthy pregnancy and preeclampsia","author":"Faas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12185","article-title":"Quantification of the predominant immune cell populations in decidua throughout human pregnancy","volume":"712","author":"Bartmann","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080995","article-title":"Evidence for immune cell involvement in decidual spiral arteriole remodeling in early human pregnancy","volume":"1745","author":"Smith","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(88)80015-9","article-title":"Nitric oxide: a cytotoxic activated macrophage effector molecule","volume":"1571","author":"Hibbs","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2008.00657.x","article-title":"Characterization of cytokine production by human term placenta macrophages in vitro","volume":"606","author":"Pavlov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e42507","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0042507","article-title":"Classical macrophage activation up-regulates several matrix metalloproteinases through mitogen activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-kappaB","volume":"78","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.46","article-title":"Immune cells in term and preterm labor","volume":"116","author":"Gomez-Lopez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(93)90301-X","article-title":"Gestational changes in L-arginine-induced relaxation of pregnant rat and human myometrial smooth muscle","volume":"1695","author":"Izumi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod61.4.879","article-title":"Macrophage trafficking in the uterus and cervix precedes parturition in the mouse","volume":"614","author":"Mackler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019481","article-title":"Differential regulation of nitric oxide in the rat uterus and cervix during pregnancy and labour","volume":"118","author":"Buhimschi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.1070249","article-title":"Nitric oxide synthase isoforms in the rat uterus: differential regulation during pregnancy and labour","volume":"1072","author":"Dong","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"B63","first-page":"105","article-title":"Decidual macrophages and their roles at the maternal-fetal interface","volume":"851","author":"Houser","year":"2012","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2013.08.001","article-title":"Human decidual macrophages suppress IFN-gamma production by T cells through costimulatory B7-H1:PD-1 signaling in early pregnancy","volume":"1002","author":"Sayama","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00156.x","article-title":"Macrophages and apoptotic cell clearance during pregnancy","volume":"514","author":"Abrahams","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1387\/ijdb.140054ae","article-title":"T cell behavior at the maternal-fetal interface","author":"Nancy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Dev Biol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12074","article-title":"Evidence for a role for the adaptive immune response in human term parturition","volume":"693","author":"Gomez-Lopez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.4.2367","article-title":"Human trophoblasts recruited T lymphocytes and monocytes into decidua by secretion of chemokine CXCL16 and interaction with CXCR6 in the first-trimester pregnancy","volume":"1804","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00573","article-title":"New paradigm in the role of regulatory T cells during pregnancy","volume":"10","author":"Tsuda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1738","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2015.112","article-title":"PD-1 and Tim-3 pathways are associated with regulatory CD8+ T-cell function in decidua and maintenance of normal pregnancy","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4470","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903597","article-title":"Human decidual tissue contains differentiated CD8+ effector-memory T cells with unique properties","volume":"1857","author":"Tilburgs","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101212","article-title":"Differentiation of effector CD4 T cell populations (*)","volume":"28","author":"Zhu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700114","article-title":"Decidual T cells exhibit a highly differentiated phenotype and demonstrate potential fetal specificity and a strong transcriptional response to IFN","volume":"19910","author":"Powell","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxw006","article-title":"CD4+ T-cell subsets in inflammatory diseases: beyond the Th1\/Th2 paradigm","volume":"284","author":"Hirahara","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2009.03.004","article-title":"Effect of TLR3 and TLR7 activation in uterine NK cells from non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice","volume":"821","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1999.1532","article-title":"Maternal Th1- and Th2-type reactivity to placental antigens in normal human pregnancy and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions","volume":"1962","author":"Raghupathy","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2013.67","article-title":"Decidual stromal cells recruit Th17 cells into decidua to promote proliferation and invasion of human trophoblast cells by secreting IL-17","volume":"113","author":"Wu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2014.02.004","article-title":"Potentiating maternal immune tolerance in pregnancy: a new challenging role for regulatory T cells","volume":"354","author":"Alijotas-Reig","year":"2014","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2014.06.013","article-title":"The immunology of pregnancy: regulatory T cells control maternal immune tolerance toward the fetus","volume":"1621","author":"La Rocca","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.05.031","article-title":"Extrathymic generation of regulatory T cells in placental mammals mitigates maternal-fetal conflict","volume":"1501","author":"Samstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2916","article-title":"Phenotypical and functional specialization of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells","volume":"112","author":"Campbell","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7282","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.12.7282","article-title":"A role for TGF-beta in the generation and expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells from human peripheral blood","volume":"16612","author":"Yamagiwa","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4183","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.8.4183","article-title":"Generation ex vivo of TGF-\u03b2-producing regulatory T cells from CD4+CD25\u2013 precursors","volume":"1698","author":"Zheng","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2013.04.002","article-title":"Regulation of the expression of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells by IL-27 in patients with unexplained early recurrent miscarriage","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3433","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0904028","article-title":"Expression of Helios, an Ikaros transcription factor family member, differentiates thymic-derived from peripherally induced Foxp3+ T regulatory cells","volume":"1847","author":"Thornton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1517\/14712598.2012.711310","article-title":"Helios expression in FoxP3(+) T regulatory cells","volume":"1211","author":"Elkord","year":"2012","journal-title":"Exp Opin Biol Ther"},{"key":"B87","first-page":"116","article-title":"Advances in distinguishing natural from induced Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells","volume":"62","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.081208","article-title":"FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and T helper 1, T helper 2, and T helper 17 cells in human early pregnancy decidua","volume":"824","author":"Mjosberg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5737","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.8.5737","article-title":"Evidence for a selective migration of fetus-specific CD4+CD25bright regulatory T cells from the peripheral blood to the decidua in human pregnancy","volume":"1808","author":"Tilburgs","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2004.01869.x","article-title":"Normal human pregnancy is associated with an elevation in the immune suppressive CD25+ CD4+ regulatory T-cell subset","volume":"1121","author":"Somerset","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gah044","article-title":"Decidual and peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in early pregnancy subjects and spontaneous abortion cases","volume":"105","author":"Sasaki","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2009.08.009","article-title":"The CD4+CD25 bright regulatory T cells and CTLA-4 expression in peripheral and decidual lymphocytes are down-regulated in human miscarriage","volume":"1333","author":"Jin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.11.007","article-title":"Decidual CD4+CD25+CD127dim\/- regulatory T cells in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous miscarriage","volume":"1551","author":"Bao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12786","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12786","article-title":"The role of indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase in normal and pathological pregnancies","volume":"794","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gah246","article-title":"IDO expression on decidual and peripheral blood dendritic cells and monocytes\/macrophages after treatment with CTLA-4 or interferon-gamma increase in normal pregnancy but decrease in spontaneous abortion","volume":"1112","author":"Miwa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1271","article-title":"The Tim-3 ligand galectin-9 negatively regulates T helper type 1 immunity","volume":"612","author":"Zhu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2005.01.004","article-title":"CD4(+)CD25high regulatory T cells in human pregnancy","volume":"652","author":"Saito","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2002.01104.x","article-title":"T-cell cytokines in pregnancy","volume":"475","author":"Piccinni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.107.060632","article-title":"Dendritic cells: key to fetal tolerance?","volume":"774","author":"Blois","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1586\/eci.11.52","article-title":"Dendritic cell function at the maternal\u2013fetal interface","volume":"75","author":"Tagliani","year":"2011","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.103.017574","article-title":"Dendritic cells in the human decidua","volume":"694","author":"Gardner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1102566","article-title":"Predominance of Th2-promoting dendritic cells in early human pregnancy decidua","volume":"744","author":"Miyazaki","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsgi.2004.05.007","article-title":"Antigen-presenting cells in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle compared to early pregnancy","volume":"117","author":"Rieger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Soc Gynecol Investig"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63884-9","article-title":"Unique appearance of proliferating antigen-presenting cells expressing DC-SIGN (CD209) in the decidua of early human pregnancy","volume":"1623","author":"Kammerer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12836","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12836","article-title":"IL-33\/ST2 axis affects the polarization and efferocytosis of decidual macrophages in early pregnancy","volume":"796","author":"Sheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1080\/08820130802191334","article-title":"Role of dendritic cells in the regulation of maternal immune responses to the fetus during mammalian gestation","volume":"375","author":"Kammerer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunol Investig"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-008-0342-2","article-title":"Interaction between dendritic cells and natural killer cells during pregnancy in mice","volume":"867","author":"Blois","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2014.36","article-title":"Liaison between natural killer cells and dendritic cells in human gestation","volume":"115","author":"Leno-Duran","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-016-0587-8","article-title":"Tolerogenic dendritic cells","volume":"392","author":"Takenaka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sem Immunopathol"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6037","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.11.6037","article-title":"BDCA-2, BDCA-3, and BDCA-4: three markers for distinct subsets of dendritic cells in human peripheral blood","volume":"16511","author":"Dzionek","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2006.00436.x","article-title":"Stranger in a strange land","volume":"213","author":"Hunt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12643","article-title":"Definitive class I human leukocyte antigen expression in gestational placentation: HLA-F, HLA-E, HLA-C, and HLA-G in extravillous trophoblast invasion on placentation, pregnancy, and parturition","author":"Hackmon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.01.009","article-title":"HLA-G: at the interface of maternal-fetal tolerance","volume":"384","author":"Ferreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.17.1.875","article-title":"Regulation of immune responses through inhibitory receptors","volume":"17","author":"Long","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.02.004","article-title":"Interaction between HLA-G and monocyte\/macrophages in human pregnancy","volume":"851","author":"Shakhawat","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00128","article-title":"HLA-G orchestrates the early interaction of human trophoblasts with the maternal niche","volume":"6","author":"Gregori","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.102.010058","article-title":"B7 family molecules are favorably positioned at the human maternal-fetal interface","volume":"685","author":"Petroff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12216","article-title":"Expression of interferon-\u03b3 in decidual natural killer cells from women with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy","volume":"403","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2016.09.002","article-title":"The role of decidual NK cells in pregnancies with impaired vascular remodelling","volume":"119","author":"Cartwright","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-09-0007","article-title":"Altered decidual leucocyte populations in the placental bed in pre-eclampsia and foetal growth restriction: a comparison with late normal pregnancy","volume":"1381","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-005-0107-z","article-title":"Serious foetal growth restriction is associated with reduced proportions of natural killer cells in decidua basalis","volume":"4483","author":"Eide","year":"2006","journal-title":"Virchows Arch Int J Pathol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-7-132","article-title":"Specific subsets of immune cells in human decidua differ between normal pregnancy and preeclampsia\u2013a prospective observational study","volume":"7","author":"Rieger","year":"2009","journal-title":"Reprod Biol Endocrinol"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmr.IJMR_776_15","article-title":"Number of decidual natural killer cells & macrophages in pre-eclampsia","volume":"1446","author":"Milosevic-Stevanovic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s004280050329","article-title":"Aberrant positioning of trophoblast and lymphocytes in the feto-maternal interface with pre-eclampsia","volume":"4343","author":"Stallmach","year":"1999","journal-title":"Virchows Arch Int J Pathol"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2010.10.011","article-title":"Differential distribution and phenotype of decidual macrophages in preeclamptic versus control pregnancies","volume":"1782","author":"Schonkeren","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2017.03.011","article-title":"M1 macrophages decrease in the deciduae from normal pregnancies but not from spontaneous abortions or unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortions","volume":"1173","author":"Tsao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.1998.0373","article-title":"The distribution of macrophages in spiral arteries of the placental bed in pre-eclampsia differs from that in healthy patients","volume":"202","author":"Reister","year":"1999","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/10641955.2019.1575393","article-title":"T lymphocytes in the third trimester decidua in preeclampsia","volume":"381","author":"Milosevic-Stevanovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hypertens Pregnancy"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2016.1105740","article-title":"Regulatory T-cells and preeclampsia: an overview of literature","volume":"122","author":"Rahimzadeh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.11.015","article-title":"The role of Th17 cells in the pathophysiology of pregnancy and perinatal mood and anxiety disorders","volume":"76","author":"Osborne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2008.00619.x","article-title":"Distribution and maturity of dendritic cells in diseases of insufficient placentation","volume":"603","author":"Scholz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(03)00182-6","article-title":"CD83(+)dendritic cells in the decidua of women with recurrent miscarriage and normal pregnancy","author":"Askelund","year":"2004","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B133","first-page":"72","article-title":"[Changes in the subsets of dendritic cells and T cells in peripheral blood of patients with preeclampsia]","volume":"291","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin J Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2018.12.015","article-title":"TGFb1 suppresses the activation of distinct dNK subpopulations in preeclampsia","volume":"39","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.038000","article-title":"Activated macrophages inhibit human cytotrophoblast invasiveness in vitro","volume":"732","author":"Renaud","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2257","article-title":"Pre-eclampsia is associated with dendritic cell recruitment into the uterine decidua","volume":"2143","author":"Huang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4057","article-title":"Impaired decidual natural killer cell regulation of vascular remodelling in early human pregnancies with high uterine artery resistance","volume":"2283","author":"Fraser","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dep349","article-title":"Detailed analysis of peripheral blood natural killer (NK) cells in women with recurrent miscarriage","volume":"251","author":"King","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmt056","article-title":"Natural killer cells in female infertility and recurrent miscarriage: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"203","author":"Seshadri","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4027","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.10.4027","article-title":"Endometrial T, B, and NK cells in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion. Altered profile and pregnancy outcome","volume":"15610","author":"Lachapelle","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R91","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-14-0271","article-title":"Uterine natural killer cells: supervisors of vasculature construction in early decidua basalis","volume":"1492","author":"Ratsep","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1272\/jnms.80.97","article-title":"Macrophages: are they involved in endometriosis, abortion and preeclampsia and how?","volume":"802","author":"Hutter","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Nippon Med Sch"},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9069","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms13079069","article-title":"Decidual macrophages are significantly increased in spontaneous miscarriages and over-express FasL: a potential role for macrophages in trophoblast apoptosis","volume":"137","author":"Guenther","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2011.08.004","article-title":"Dysregulation of macrophage activation by decidual regulatory T cells in unexplained recurrent miscarriage patients","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"512732","DOI":"10.5402\/2012\/512732","article-title":"A high dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for women with four or more recurrent spontaneous abortions","volume":"2012","author":"Yamada","year":"2012","journal-title":"ISRN Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2016.08.025","article-title":"The effect of intravenous immunoglobulin passive immunotherapy on unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion: a meta-analysis","volume":"336","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2009.00763.x","article-title":"Imbalance of T-cell transcription factors contributes to the Th1 type immunity predominant in pre-eclampsia","volume":"631","author":"Jianjun","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1900","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2012.09.020","article-title":"Regulatory T cells in preeclampsia: some answers, more questions?","volume":"1816","author":"Cerdeira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-014-0076-2","article-title":"An immunohistochemical study of CD83- and CD1a-positive dendritic cells in the decidua of women with recurrent spontaneous abortion","volume":"20","author":"Qian","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2010.09.008","article-title":"Reduced proportion of decidual DC-SIGN+ cells in human spontaneous abortion","volume":"3111","author":"Tirado-Gonzalez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7023","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901154","article-title":"Systemic increase in the ratio between Foxp3+ and IL-17-producing CD4+ T cells in healthy pregnancy but not in preeclampsia","volume":"183","author":"Santner-Nanan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02317\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T16:42:48Z","timestamp":1695314568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02317\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"references-count":151,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02317"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02317","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"article-number":"2317"}}