{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T19:11:02Z","timestamp":1790363462137,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02725","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T08:31:56Z","timestamp":1575016316000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Low-Density Granulocytes Are a Novel Immunopathological Feature in Both Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Lennard","family":"Ostendorf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronja","family":"Mothes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofie","family":"van Koppen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall L.","family":"Lindquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Bellmann-Strobl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susanna","family":"Asseyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klemens","family":"Ruprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Alexander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raluca A.","family":"Niesner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja E.","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedemann","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helena","family":"Radbruch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780291105","article-title":"Low density neutrophils in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute rheumatic fever","volume":"29","author":"Hacbarth","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2014.08.024","article-title":"Neutrophil-like low-density granulocytes are elevated in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma","volume":"113","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0153567","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153567","article-title":"Low-density granulocytes are elevated in mycobacterial infection and associated with the severity of tuberculosis","volume":"11","author":"Deng","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100123","article-title":"Mast cells and neutrophils release IL-17 through extracellular trap formation in psoriasis","volume":"187","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-013-0375-7","article-title":"Low-density granulocytes: a distinct class of neutrophils in systemic autoimmunity","volume":"35","author":"Carmona-Rivera","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3284","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902199","article-title":"A distinct subset of proinflammatory neutrophils isolated from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus induces vascular damage and synthesizes type I IFNs","volume":"184","author":"Denny","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf151","article-title":"A role for humoral mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Devic's neuromyelitis optica","volume":"125","author":"Lucchinetti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515586084","article-title":"Distinct functionality of neutrophils in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica","volume":"22","author":"Hertwig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria","volume":"69","author":"Polman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001729","article-title":"International consensus diagnostic criteria for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders","volume":"85","author":"Wingerchuk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400928","article-title":"Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"40","author":"Hochberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201646632","article-title":"Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies","volume":"47","author":"Cossarizza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1497-x","article-title":"Tracking CNS and systemic sources of oxidative stress during the course of chronic neuroinflammation","volume":"130","author":"Mossakowski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-9-14","article-title":"Contrasting disease patterns in seropositive and seronegative neuromyelitis optica: a multicentre study of 175 patients","volume":"9","author":"Jarius","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Neuroinflammation."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3309","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1801512","article-title":"Genomic identification of low-density granulocytes and analysis of their role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"202","author":"Kegerreis","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/668160v1","article-title":"Low-density granulocytes are a novel immunopathological feature in both Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder","author":"Ostendorf","year":"","journal-title":"bioRxiv"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02725\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]],"date-time":"2019-11-29T08:31:58Z","timestamp":1575016318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02725\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"references-count":16,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02725"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02725","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/668160","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,29]]},"article-number":"2725"}}