{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T10:13:38Z","timestamp":1792404818671,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00532","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]],"date-time":"2020-04-28T04:20:45Z","timestamp":1588047645000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":293,"title":["An Attempt to Polarize Human Neutrophils Toward N1 and N2 Phenotypes in vitro"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mareike","family":"Ohms","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Laskay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00113","article-title":"Neutrophil: a cell with many roles in inflammation or several cell types?","volume":"9","author":"Rosales","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12444","article-title":"Neutrophils in cancer.","volume":"273","author":"Treffers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgs123","article-title":"Tumor-associated neutrophils: friend or foe?","volume":"33","author":"Fridlender","year":"2012","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-12-0529","article-title":"Targeting CXCR2 enhances chemotherapeutic response, inhibits mammary tumor growth, angiogenesis, and lung metastasis.","volume":"12","author":"Sharma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Cancer Ther."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.06.017","article-title":"Polarization of tumor-associated neutrophil phenotype by TGF-beta: \u201cN1\u201d versus \u201cN2\u201d, TAN.","volume":"16","author":"Fridlender","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20030529","article-title":"The role of tumor-associated neutrophils in colorectal cancer.","volume":"20","author":"Mizuno","year":"2019","journal-title":"IJMS."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc.2016.52","article-title":"Neutrophils in cancer: neutral no more.","volume":"16","author":"Coffelt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldy029","article-title":"The role of neutrophils in cancer.","volume":"128","author":"Grecian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br Med Bull."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.28957","article-title":"Delayed apoptosis of tumor associated neutrophils in the absence of endogenous IFN-\u03b2.","volume":"136","author":"Andzinski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Cancer."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2162402X.2016.1232221","article-title":"Tumor-associated neutrophils display a distinct N1 profile following TGF\u03b2 modulation: a transcriptomics analysis of pro- vs. antitumor TANs.","volume":"5","author":"Shaul","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncoimmunology."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E566","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1424927112","article-title":"Invasive breast cancer reprograms early myeloid differentiation in the bone marrow to generate immunosuppressive neutrophils.","volume":"112","author":"Casbon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29945","article-title":"Type IIFNs induce anti-tumor polarization of tumor associated neutrophils in mice and human: TANs in tumorigenesis.","volume":"138","author":"Andzinski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Cancer."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvw024","article-title":"Temporal neutrophil polarization following myocardial infarction.","volume":"110","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780291105","article-title":"Low density neutrophils in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and acute rheumatic fever.","volume":"29","author":"Hacbarth","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00308740","article-title":"The increase of low density subpopulations and CD10 (CALLA) negative neutrophils in severely infected patients.","volume":"22","author":"Morisaki","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surg Today."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100123","article-title":"Mast cells and neutrophils release IL-17 through extracellular trap formation in psoriasis.","volume":"187","author":"Lin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0048939","article-title":"Characterization of a novel population of low-density granulocytes associated with disease severity in HIV-1 infection.","volume":"7","author":"Cloke","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2014.08.024","article-title":"Neutrophil-like low-density granulocytes are elevated in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma.","volume":"113","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39153","article-title":"Neutrophil-related gene expression and low-density granulocytes associated with disease activity and response to treatment in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis.","volume":"67","author":"Grayson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2015.11.055","article-title":"Type I interferon transcriptional signature in neutrophils and low-density granulocytes are associated with tissue damage in malaria.","volume":"13","author":"Rocha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002658","article-title":"IL-17RA signaling reduces inflammation and mortality during trypanosoma cruzi infection by recruiting suppressive IL-10-producing neutrophils.","volume":"8","author":"Tosello Boari","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6748","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900226106","article-title":"Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes induce and are killed by neutrophil extracellular traps.","volume":"106","author":"Guimar\u00e3es-Costa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3966","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00770-13","article-title":"Leishmania amazonensis amastigotes trigger neutrophil activation but resist neutrophil microbicidal mechanisms.","volume":"81","author":"Carlsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.08.003","article-title":"Are neutrophils important host cells for Leishmania parasites?","volume":"25","author":"Ritter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6521","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.11.6521","article-title":"Cutting edge: neutrophil granulocyte serves as a vector for Leishmania entry into macrophages.","volume":"173","author":"van Zandbergen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.16-0722","article-title":"The phenotype of circulating neutrophils during visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"97","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.2.898","article-title":"Inhibition of the spontaneous apoptosis of neutrophil granulocytes by the intracellular parasite Leishmania major.","volume":"169","author":"Aga","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-265X(84)90034-1","article-title":"The role of myeloperoxidase and superoxide anion in the luminol- and lucigenin-dependent chemiluminescence of human neutrophils.","volume":"30","author":"Stevens","year":"1984","journal-title":"Microchem J."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.3.1246","article-title":"Control of Leishmania major infection in BALB\/c mice by inhibition of early lymphocyte entry into peripheral lymph nodes.","volume":"158","author":"Laskay","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.08.014","article-title":"The yin-yang of tumor-associated neutrophils.","volume":"16","author":"Mantovani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07205","article-title":"Cancer-related inflammation.","volume":"454","author":"Mantovani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2010007500078","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide-induced expression of cell surface receptors and cell activation of neutrophils and monocytes in whole human blood.","volume":"43","author":"Gomes","year":"2010","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2004.01849.x","article-title":"Interferon-gamma activation of polymorphonuclear neutrophil function.","volume":"112","author":"Ellis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1024116916932","article-title":"Q-VD- OPh, a broad spectrum caspase inhibitor with potent antiapoptotic properties.","volume":"8","author":"Caserta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Apoptosis."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2553","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V77.12.2553.2553","article-title":"Lectin-like cell adhesion molecule 1 mediates leukocyte rolling in mesenteric venules in vivo.","volume":"77","author":"Ley","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2018.02.012","article-title":"Chemokines beyond chemo-attraction: CXCL10 and its significant role in cancer and autoimmunity.","volume":"109","author":"Karin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cytokine."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1626","article-title":"Interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10), a member of the C-X-C chemokine family, is an inhibitor of angiogenesis.","volume":"210","author":"Strieter","year":"1995","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cgt.7700457","article-title":"Suppression of metastatic hemangiosarcoma by a parvovirus MVMp vector transducing the IP-10 chemokine into immunocompetent mice.","volume":"9","author":"Giese","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2567.2003.01489.x","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) transgene-expressing dendritic cells (DCs) undergo augmented cellular maturation and induce more robust T-cell activation and anti-tumour immunity than DCs generated in recombinant TNF-alpha.","volume":"108","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1038\/cgt.2008.62","article-title":"TNF-alpha and the IFN-gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP- 10\/CXCL-10) delivered by parvoviral vectors act in synergy to induce antitumor effects in mouse glioblastoma.","volume":"16","author":"Enderlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Gene Ther."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines4030022","article-title":"The IL-8\/IL-8R axis: a double agent in tumor immune resistance.","volume":"4","author":"David","year":"2016","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2006.02.002","article-title":"Oxidative burst of neutrophils against melanoma B16-F10.","volume":"246","author":"Zivkovic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/73.2.331","article-title":"Antibody-dependent killing of tumor cells by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. involvement of oxidative and nonoxidative mechanisms23.","volume":"73","author":"Dallegri","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst."},{"key":"B44","first-page":"4756","article-title":"Activated granulocytes and granulocyte-derived hydrogen peroxide are the underlying mechanism of suppression of t-cell function in advanced cancer patients.","volume":"61","author":"Schmielau","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(03)00075-1","article-title":"Neutrophil granulocytes \u2013 Trojan horses for Leishmania major and other intracellular microbes?","volume":"11","author":"Laskay","year":"2003","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2339","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.121","article-title":"Hypoxia in Leishmania major skin lesions impairs the NO-dependent leishmanicidal activity of macrophages.","volume":"134","author":"Mahnke","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0038489","article-title":"Intracellular pathogen Leishmania donovani activates hypoxia inducible factor-1 by dual mechanism for survival advantage within macrophage.","volume":"7","author":"Singh","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.166.2.1141","article-title":"The role of IL-10 in promoting disease progression in leishmaniasis.","volume":"166","author":"Kane","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5152","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.10.5152","article-title":"The relative contribution of IL-4 receptor signaling and IL-10 to susceptibility to Leishmania major.","volume":"170","author":"Noben-Trauth","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4090","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.6.4090","article-title":"IL-10 and TGF-\u03b2 control the establishment of persistent and transmissible infections produced by Leishmania tropica in C57BL\/6 Mice.","volume":"180","author":"Anderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6148","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.161.11.6148","article-title":"The importance of TGF-beta in murine visceral leishmaniasis.","volume":"161","author":"Wilson","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63238-5","article-title":"Metastatic melanoma secreted IL-10 down-regulates CD1 molecules on dendritic cells in metastatic tumor lesions.","volume":"165","author":"Gerlini","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-009-0070-y","article-title":"Overexpression and interactions of interleukin-10, transforming growth factor \u03b2, and vascular endothelial growth factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.","volume":"33","author":"Gholamin","year":"2009","journal-title":"World J Surg."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2840","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.09.051","article-title":"COX-2: a molecular target for colorectal cancer prevention.","volume":"23","author":"Brown","year":"2005","journal-title":"JCO."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgp014","article-title":"The COX-2\/PGE2 pathway: key roles in the hallmarks of cancer and adaptation to the tumour microenvironment.","volume":"30","author":"Greenhough","year":"2009","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.02.035","article-title":"Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor\/granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor biological axis promotes survival and growth of bladder cancer cells.","volume":"69","author":"Chakraborty","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.48.1900","article-title":"Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-producing pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma showing aggressive clinical course.","volume":"48","author":"Joshita","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intern Med."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1006\/gyno.2000.5904","article-title":"Case of cervical cancer with aggressive tumor growth: possible autocrine growth stimulation by G-CSF and Il-6.","volume":"78","author":"Kyo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Gynecol Oncol."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00052","article-title":"Lactate contribution to the tumor microenvironment: mechanisms, effects on immune cells and therapeutic relevance.","volume":"7","author":"Romero-Garcia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-018-0360-8","article-title":"Targeting adenosine for cancer immunotherapy.","volume":"6","author":"Leone","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Immunother Cancer."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-16-0188","article-title":"CXCR2-dependent accumulation of tumor-associated neutrophils regulates T-cell immunity in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.","volume":"4","author":"Chao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-313738","article-title":"Targeting both tumour-associated CXCR2 + neutrophils and CCR2 + macrophages disrupts myeloid recruitment and improves chemotherapeutic responses in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.","volume":"67","author":"Nywening","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00532\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]],"date-time":"2023-09-30T11:19:18Z","timestamp":1696072758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00532\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"references-count":62,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00532"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00532","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,28]]},"article-number":"532"}}