{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:46:02Z","timestamp":1791895562303,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T02:30:16Z","timestamp":1593484216000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":183,"title":["Pan-Cancer Analysis of Immune Cell Infiltration Identifies a Prognostic Immune-Cell Characteristic Score (ICCS) in Lung Adenocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shuguang","family":"Zuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiqun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiwu","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2012.02.022","article-title":"Accessories to the crime: functions of cells recruited to the tumor microenvironment","volume":"21","author":"Hanahan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer cell."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.02.013","article-title":"Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation","volume":"144","author":"Hanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.10.003","article-title":"Spatiotemporal dynamics of intratumoral immune cells reveal the immune landscape in human cancer","volume":"39","author":"Bindea","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.5582\/irdr.2017.01059","article-title":"The paradoxical role of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in lung cancer","volume":"6","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intractable Rare Dis Res."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2013.03.004","article-title":"From the immune contexture to the Immunoscore: the role of prognostic and predictive immune markers in cancer","volume":"25","author":"Angell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00070","article-title":"Tissue-dependent tumor microenvironments and their impact on immunotherapy responses","volume":"9","author":"Oliver","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3245","article-title":"The immune contexture in human tumours: impact on clinical outcome","volume":"12","author":"Fridman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3909","article-title":"The prognostic landscape of genes and infiltrating immune cells across human cancers","volume":"21","author":"Gentles","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"68","author":"Bray","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e342","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(15)00077-7","article-title":"Genomic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"16","author":"Devarakonda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtho.2016.01.015","article-title":"The role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in development, progression, and prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"11","author":"Bremnes","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.07.019","article-title":"Tumor infiltrating immune cells in gliomas and meningiomas","volume":"53","author":"Domingues","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-15-0266","article-title":"Survival of lung adenocarcinoma patients predicted from expression of PD-L1, galectin-9, and XAGE1 (GAGED2a) on tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating T cells","volume":"4","author":"Ohue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Res."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2009","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301317","article-title":"Tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells inhibit endogenous cytotoxic T cell responses to lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"191","author":"Ganesan","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2016.06.006","article-title":"High-throughput genomic profiling of tumor-infiltrating leukocytes","volume":"41","author":"Newman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08460","article-title":"Systematic RNA interference reveals that oncogenic KRAS-driven cancers require TBK1","volume":"462","author":"Barbie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-1403","article-title":"Identification of genes upregulated in ALK-positive and EGFR\/KRAS\/ALK-negative lung adenocarcinomas","volume":"72","author":"Okayama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43923","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0043923","article-title":"Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase defines critical prognostic genes of stage I lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"7","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-12-1139","article-title":"Biomarker discovery in non-small cell lung cancer: integrating gene expression profiling, meta-analysis, and tissue microarray validation","volume":"19","author":"Botling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0187246","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0187246","article-title":"Integrative analysis of genome-wide gene copy number changes and gene expression in non-small cell lung cancer","volume":"12","author":"Jabs","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000042","article-title":"Validation of a histology-independent prognostic gene signature for early-stage, non-small-cell lung cancer including stage IA patients","volume":"9","author":"Der","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Thorac Oncol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.05.035","article-title":"Landscape of infiltrating T cells in liver cancer revealed by single-cell sequencing","volume":"169","author":"Zheng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.12.019","article-title":"Pan-cancer immunogenomic analyses reveal genotype-immunophenotype relationships and predictors of response to checkpoint blockade","volume":"18","author":"Charoentong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26476","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.26476","article-title":"Simultaneous enumeration of cancer and immune cell types from bulk tumor gene expression data","volume":"6","author":"Racle","year":"2017","journal-title":"eLife."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aad0501","article-title":"Dissecting the multicellular ecosystem of metastatic melanoma by single-cell RNA-seq","volume":"352","author":"Tirosh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-015-0620-6","article-title":"Characterization of the immunophenotypes and antigenomes of colorectal cancers reveals distinct tumor escape mechanisms and novel targets for immunotherapy","volume":"16","author":"Angelova","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-14-7","article-title":"GSVA: gene set variation analysis for microarray and RNA-seq data","volume":"14","author":"Hanzelmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1996.tb02080.x","article-title":"Regression shrinkage and selection via the Lasso","volume":"58","author":"Tibshirani","year":"1996","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0014-x","article-title":"Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy","volume":"24","author":"Binnewies","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-016-1092-z","article-title":"Tumor immune microenvironment characterization in clear cell renal cell carcinoma identifies prognostic and immunotherapeutically relevant messenger RNA signatures","volume":"17","author":"Senbabaoglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-018-2150-z","article-title":"Quantifying tumor-infiltrating immune cells from transcriptomics data","volume":"67","author":"Finotello","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3337","article-title":"Robust enumeration of cell subsets from tissue expression profiles","volume":"12","author":"Newman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Methods."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02289-3","article-title":"Estimation of immune cell content in tumour tissue using single-cell RNA-seq data","volume":"8","author":"Schelker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00223","article-title":"Sensitizing the tumor microenvironment to immune checkpoint therapy","volume":"11","author":"Zemek","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1586\/14737140.8.4.561","article-title":"Immune cells in colorectal cancer: prognostic relevance and therapeutic strategies","volume":"8","author":"Atreya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Anticancer Ther."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa6204","article-title":"T cell exclusion, immune privilege, and the tumor microenvironment","volume":"348","author":"Joyce","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-11-1792","article-title":"Monocytic CCR2+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells promote immune escape by limiting activated CD8 T-cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment","volume":"72","author":"Lesokhin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6030","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-1170","article-title":"Chemotherapy-induced IL34 enhances immunosuppression by tumor-associated macrophages and mediates survival of chemoresistant lung cancer cells","volume":"76","author":"Baghdadi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.5.617","article-title":"Distinct role of antigen-specific T helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells in tumor eradication in vivo","volume":"190","author":"Nishimura","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1007\/s005950170127","article-title":"Dissociation between T helper type 1 and type 2 differentiation and cytokine production in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in patients with lung cancer","volume":"31","author":"Ito","year":"2001","journal-title":"Surg Today."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.7314\/APJCP.2013.14.4.2563","article-title":"Serum IL-33 as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in non- small cell lung cancer","volume":"14","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Cancer Prev."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2729","article-title":"Effector and regulatory B cells: modulators of CD4+ T cell immunity","volume":"10","author":"Lund","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy495","article-title":"Development of tumor mutation burden as an immunotherapy biomarker: utility for the oncology clinic","volume":"30","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Oncol."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-2490","article-title":"Systematic pan-cancer analysis reveals immune cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment","volume":"77","author":"Varn","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0089-2016","article-title":"Prognostic considerations of the new World Health Organization classification of lung adenocarcinoma","volume":"25","author":"Borczuk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur Res Rev."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02368","article-title":"Tumor-infiltrating immune cells act as a marker for prognosis in colorectal cancer","volume":"10","author":"Ye","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01218\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]],"date-time":"2020-06-30T02:30:19Z","timestamp":1593484219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01218\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01218","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,30]]},"article-number":"1218"}}