{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:36:11Z","timestamp":1790818571281,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]],"date-time":"2020-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597708800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008453","name":"Ontario Institute for Regenerative Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004089","name":"Krembil Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01850","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]],"date-time":"2020-08-18T04:51:57Z","timestamp":1597726317000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Thymic Engraftment by in vitro-Derived Progenitor T Cells in Young and Aged Mice"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jastaranpreet","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Mohtashami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Z\u00fa\u00f1iga-Pfl\u00fccker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115715","article-title":"Zoned out: functional mapping of stromal signaling microenvironments in the thymus","volume":"25","author":"Petrie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.09.008","article-title":"T cell genesis: in vitro veritas est?","volume":"37","author":"Brauer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2015.10.012","article-title":"Immunological effects of conventional chemotherapy and targeted anticancer agents","volume":"28","author":"Galluzzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cancer Cell."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2221","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V84.7.2221.2221","article-title":"Lymphocyte depletion during treatment with intensive chemotherapy for cancer","volume":"84","author":"Mackall","year":"1994","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-008-0140-5","article-title":"Strategies for reconstituting and boosting T cell-based immunity following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: pre-clinical and clinical approaches","volume":"30","author":"Chidgey","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.5.1458","article-title":"Factors affecting thymic function after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"97","author":"Weinberg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141606","article-title":"Immunobiology of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Welniak","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02293-5","article-title":"Assessment of thymic output in adults after haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation and prediction of T-cell reconstitution","volume":"355","author":"Douek","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B9","unstructured":"T cell immune reconstitution following lymphodepletion31830 WilliamsKM HakimFT GressER 10.1016\/j.smim.2007.10.00418023361Semin Immunol.192007"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00316","article-title":"The effect of age on thymic function","volume":"4","author":"Palmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3967","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.11.3967","article-title":"Rapid engraftment without significant graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic transplantation of CD34+ selected cells from peripheral blood","volume":"89","author":"Urbano-Ispizua","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2016.01.005","article-title":"Haploidentical bone marrow and stem cell transplantation: experience with post-transplantation cyclophosphamide","volume":"53","author":"Robinson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Hematol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8652(199702)54:2<131::AID-AJH6>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Infectious morbidity in long-term survivors of allogeneic marrow transplantation is associated with low CD4 T cell counts","volume":"54","author":"Storek","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Hematol."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-008-0132-5","article-title":"Reconstitution of the immune system after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in humans","volume":"30","author":"Storek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200522492","article-title":"Age-dependent incidence, time course, and consequences of thymic renewal in adults","volume":"115","author":"Hakim","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6768","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-02-334623","article-title":"Thymic T-cell development in allogeneic stem cell transplantation","volume":"117","author":"Krenger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01237","article-title":"Restoring T cell homeostasis after allogeneic stem cell transplantation; principal limitations and future challenges","volume":"9","author":"Moutuou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.4.1458","article-title":"A broad T-cell repertoire diversity and an efficient thymic function indicate a favorable long-term immune reconstitution after cord blood stem cell transplantation","volume":"99","author":"Talvensaari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation.V2012.1.265.3800160","article-title":"Delayed opportunistic infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients: a surmountable challenge","author":"Marr","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1076514","article-title":"Cancer regression and autoimmunity in patients after clonal repopulation with antitumor lymphocytes","volume":"298","author":"Dudley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2015.132860","article-title":"Nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation","volume":"101","author":"Storb","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2515","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080829","article-title":"Delta-like 4 is the essential, nonredundant ligand for Notch1 during thymic T cell lineage commitment","volume":"205","author":"Koch","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2507","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20080134","article-title":"Delta-like 4 is indispensable in thymic environment specific for T cell development","volume":"205","author":"Hozumi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.7.1003","article-title":"Notch 1-deficient common lymphoid precursors adopt a B cell fate in the thymus","volume":"194","author":"Wilson","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.191.7.1085","article-title":"Notch1 deficiency dissociates the intrathymic development of dendritic cells and T cells","volume":"191","author":"Radtke","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0518-7","article-title":"RBPJ-dependent Notch signaling initiates the T cell program in a subset of thymus-seeding progenitors","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/35095500","article-title":"Lymphostromal interactions in thymic development and function","volume":"1","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1331","article-title":"Developing a new paradigm for thymus organogenesis","volume":"4","author":"Blackburn","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.2.127","article-title":"Mapping precursor movement through the postnatal thymus reveals specific microenvironments supporting defined stages of early lymphoid development","volume":"194","author":"Lind","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17129","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0906956106","article-title":"CCR7-mediated migration of developing thymocytes to the medulla is essential for negative selection to tissue-restricted antigens","volume":"106","author":"Nitta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.087320","article-title":"Dynamics of thymus organogenesis and colonization in early human development","volume":"140","author":"Farley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00357.x","article-title":"Cellular and molecular events during early thymus development","volume":"209","author":"Hollander","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.10.013","article-title":"Fezf2 orchestrates a thymic program of self-antigen expression for immune tolerance","volume":"163","author":"Takaba","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12412","article-title":"Medullary thymic epithelial stem cells: role in thymic epithelial cell maintenance and thymic involution","volume":"271","author":"Hamazaki","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.06.018","article-title":"The cytokine RANKL produced by positively selected thymocytes fosters medullary thymic epithelial cells that express autoimmune regulator","volume":"29","author":"Hikosaka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2010.177","article-title":"Non-canonical NF-kappaB signaling pathway","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2526","article-title":"The role of TNF superfamily members in T-cell function and diseases","volume":"9","author":"Croft","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(96)80543-3","article-title":"Thymic involution with ageing: obsolescence or good housekeeping?","volume":"17","author":"George","year":"1996","journal-title":"Immunol Today."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1905.sp001076","article-title":"The post-natal changes in the thymus of guinea-pigs, and the effect of castration on thymus structure","volume":"32","year":"1905","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1097\/RTI.0000000000000349","article-title":"Age-stratified patterns of thymic involution on multidetector CT","volume":"33","author":"Drabkin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Thorac Imag"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.10.026","article-title":"Spatial map of human T cell compartmentalization and maintenance over decades of life","volume":"159","author":"Thome","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3433","article-title":"The ageing haematopoietic stem cell compartment","volume":"13","author":"Geiger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-11-4282","article-title":"Effects of aging on the homing and engraftment of murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells","volume":"106","author":"Liang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa2361","article-title":"Stem cell aging. a mitochondrial UPR-mediated metabolic checkpoint regulates hematopoietic stem cell aging","volume":"347","author":"Mohrin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9194","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0503280102","article-title":"Cell intrinsic alterations underlie hematopoietic stem cell aging","volume":"102","author":"Rossi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.192.9.1273","article-title":"Age-associated characteristics of murine hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"192","author":"Sudo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2019.06.007","article-title":"Remodeling of bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell niches promotes myeloid cell expansion during premature or physiological aging","volume":"25","author":"Ho","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20012","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1116110108","article-title":"Human bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells are increased in frequency and myeloid-biased with age","volume":"108","author":"Pang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0158369","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158369","article-title":"Human and murine hematopoietic stem cell aging is associated with functional impairments and intrinsic megakaryocytic\/erythroid bias","volume":"11","author":"Rundberg Nilsson Soneji","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.1.245","article-title":"Reduction in the developmental potential of intrathymic T cell progenitors with age","volume":"173","author":"Min","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.5.2982","article-title":"Effects of castration on thymocyte development in two different models of thymic involution","volume":"175","author":"Heng","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100027","article-title":"Is thymocyte development functional in the aged?","volume":"1","author":"Aw","year":"2009","journal-title":"Aging."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2009.10.004","article-title":"The effect of age on the phenotype and function of developing thymocytes","volume":"142","author":"Aw","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-6374(00)00091-9","article-title":"Altered aging-related thymic involution in T cell receptor transgenic, MHC-deficient, CD4-deficient mice","volume":"114","author":"Lau","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8447","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601040103","article-title":"Thymic output in aged mice","volume":"103","author":"Hale","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4825","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.7.4825","article-title":"Bone marrow precursor cells from aged mice generate CD4 T cells that function well in primary and memory responses","volume":"181","author":"Eaton","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0105-2896.2006.00401.x","article-title":"Homeostasis of memory T cells","volume":"211","author":"Surh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2017.216","article-title":"Assessment of TREKREC C, and telomere length in long-term survivors after allogeneic HSCT: the role of GvHD and graft source and evidence for telomere homeostasis in young recipients","volume":"53","author":"Gaballa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2017.12.006","article-title":"Reinterpreting recent thymic emigrant function: defective or adaptive?","volume":"51","author":"Cunningham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3380","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.11.3380","article-title":"Immune reconstitution after allogeneic marrow transplantation compared with blood stem cell transplantation","volume":"97","author":"Storek","year":"2001","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2010.04209.x","article-title":"Tracing thymic output in older individuals","volume":"161","author":"Mitchell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-010-9170-8","article-title":"Age-related deregulation of naive T cell homeostasis in elderly humans","volume":"33","author":"Ferrando-Martinez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Age."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1033","article-title":"Age-related changes in lymphocyte development and function","volume":"5","author":"Linton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-010-9499-x","article-title":"Gain and loss of T cell subsets in old age\u2013age-related reshaping of the T cell repertoire","volume":"31","author":"Arnold","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2004.01.009","article-title":"Aging, immunity and cancer","volume":"16","author":"Hakim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.2217\/ahe.11.56","article-title":"The aging immune system and its relationship with cancer","volume":"7","author":"Foster","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aging Health."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2005.07.020","article-title":"T cell development and receptor diversity during aging","volume":"17","author":"Goronzy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2011.00773.x","article-title":"Persistent degenerative changes in thymic organ function revealed by an inducible model of organ regrowth","volume":"11","author":"Griffith","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1985.tb01916.x","article-title":"The involution of the ageing human thymic epithelium is independent of puberty. A morphometric study","volume":"22","author":"Steinmann","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900562","article-title":"Inhibition of thymic adipogenesis by caloric restriction is coupled with reduction in age-related thymic involution","volume":"183","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2010.06.010","article-title":"Thymic fatness and approaches to enhance thymopoietic fitness in aging","volume":"22","author":"Dixit","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2007.00365.x","article-title":"Architectural changes in the thymus of aging mice","volume":"7","author":"Aw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxm095","article-title":"The aged thymus shows normal recruitment of lymphohematopoietic progenitors but has defects in thymic epithelial cells","volume":"19","author":"Gui","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int Immunol."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3803","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-03-213595","article-title":"Obesity accelerates thymic aging","volume":"114","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900225","article-title":"Ablation and regeneration of tolerance-inducing medullary thymic epithelial cells after cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone treatment","volume":"183","author":"Fletcher","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-8062.2009.00128.x","article-title":"Single cell analysis of complex thymus stromal cell populations: rapid thymic epithelia preparation characterizes radiation injury","volume":"2","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Transl Sci."},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1474-9726.2007.00325.x","article-title":"Lymphohematopoietic progenitors do not have a synchronized defect with age-related thymic involution","volume":"6","author":"Zhu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5825","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1500082","article-title":"Thymic involution perturbs negative selection leading to autoreactive T cells that induce chronic inflammation","volume":"194","author":"Coder","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5734","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-01-136531","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor and androgen blockade work in concert to protect against conditioning regimen-induced thymic epithelial damage and enhance T-cell reconstitution after murine bone marrow transplantation","volume":"111","author":"Kelly","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-05-223198","article-title":"Short-term on of p53 combined with keratinocyte growth factor improves thymic epithelial cell recovery and enhances T-cell reconstitution after murine bone marrow transplantation","volume":"115","author":"Kelly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3803","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-10-049767","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) enhances postnatal T-cell development via enhancements in proliferation and function of thymic epithelial cells","volume":"109","author":"Rossi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbmt.2011.09.010","article-title":"Keratinocyte growth factor and stem cell factor to improve thymopoiesis after autologous CD34+ cell transplantation in rhesus macaques","volume":"18","author":"Wils","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Blood Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1218004","article-title":"Interleukin-22 drives endogenous thymic regeneration in mice","volume":"336","author":"Dudakov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R17","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.106R017","article-title":"Reappearance of thymus of ageing rats after orchidectomy","volume":"106","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Endocrinol."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00302","article-title":"Gender disparity impacts on thymus aging and LHRH receptor antagonist-induced thymic reconstitution following chemotherapeutic damage","volume":"11","author":"Hun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3255","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-153627","article-title":"CCL25 increases thymopoiesis after androgen withdrawal","volume":"112","author":"Williams","year":"2008","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2015.01.018","article-title":"Enhanced hematopoietic stem cell function mediates immune regeneration following sex steroid blockade","volume":"4","author":"Khong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20131289","article-title":"Sex steroid blockade enhances thymopoiesis by modulating Notch signaling","volume":"211","author":"Velardi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1000782","article-title":"Direct comparison of Dll1- and Dll4-mediated Notch activation levels shows differential lymphomyeloid lineage commitment outcomes","volume":"185","author":"Mohtashami","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2005.08.015","article-title":"Reassessing the role of growth hormone and sex steroids in thymic involution","volume":"118","author":"Min","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Immunol."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-07-1784","article-title":"Enhanced immune system regeneration in humans following allogeneic or autologous hemopoietic stem cell transplantation by temporary sex steroid blockade","volume":"14","author":"Sutherland","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4402","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11879-2","article-title":"Dynamic changes in epithelial cell morphology control thymic organ size during atrophy and regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Venables","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5420","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1913776117","article-title":"Chronic virus infection drives CD8 T cell-mediated thymic destruction and impaired negative selection","volume":"117","author":"Elsaesser","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00474-0","article-title":"Induction of T cell development from hematopoietic progenitor cells by delta-like-1 in vitro","volume":"17","author":"Schmitt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1463","article-title":"Adoptive transfer of T-cell precursors enhances T-cell reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Zakrzewski","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-10-187013","article-title":"Characterization in vitro and engraftment potential in vivo of human progenitor T cells generated from hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"114","author":"Awong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4210","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-12-472803","article-title":"Human proT-cells generated in vitro facilitate hematopoietic stem cell-derived T-lymphopoiesis in vivo and restore thymic architecture","volume":"122","author":"Awong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxy051","article-title":"Producing proT cells to promote immunotherapies","volume":"30","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Immunol."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1395","article-title":"Tumor immunotherapy across MHC barriers using allogeneic T-cell precursors","volume":"26","author":"Zakrzewski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2934","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2018026575","article-title":"Generation and function of progenitor T cells from StemRegenin-1-expanded CD34+ human hematopoietic progenitor cells","volume":"3","author":"Singh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20030794","article-title":"Thymic medullary epithelial cell differentiation, thymocyte emigration, the control of autoimmunity require lympho-epithelial cross talk via LTbetaR","volume":"198","author":"Boehm","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103387","article-title":"Crystal structure of human RANKL complexed with its decoy receptor osteoprotegerin","volume":"189","author":"Luan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830210711","article-title":"Disorganization and restoration of thymic medullary epithelial cells in T cell receptor-negative scid mice: evidence that receptor-bearing lymphocytes influence maturation of the thymic microenvironment","volume":"21","author":"Shores","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.176.2.611","article-title":"Growth of epithelial cells in the thymic medulla is under the control of mature T cells","volume":"176","author":"Surh","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.182.1.130","article-title":"Checkpoints in the development of thymic cortical epithelial cells","volume":"182","author":"Shakib","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201243209","article-title":"Generation of both cortical and Aire(+) medullary thymic epithelial compartments from CD205(+) progenitors","volume":"43","author":"Baik","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201546253","article-title":"Relb acts downstream of medullary thymic epithelial stem cells and is essential for the emergence of RANK(+) medullary epithelial progenitors","volume":"46","author":"Baik","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51780","DOI":"10.3791\/51780","article-title":"Isolation, identification, and purification of murine thymic epithelial cells","volume":"90","author":"Xing","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13964","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M601553200","article-title":"Interactions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and TNF receptor family members in the mouse and human","volume":"281","author":"Bossen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e92056","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.92056","article-title":"T cell progenitor therapy-facilitated thymopoiesis depends upon thymic input and continued thymic microenvironment interaction","volume":"2","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1997.1133","article-title":"Early steps in T cell development are affected by aging","volume":"178","author":"Thoman","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3736","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.10.3736","article-title":"Intrathymic radioresistant stem cells follow an IL-2\/IL-2R pathway during thymic regeneration after sublethal irradiation","volume":"144","author":"Zuniga-Pflucker","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1038\/bmt.2017.83","article-title":"Conditioning regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants in acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"52","author":"Jethava","year":"2017","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12865","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12865","article-title":"Lymph nodes as barriers to T-cell rejuvenation in aging mice and nonhuman primates","volume":"18","author":"Thompson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Cell."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1145","article-title":"Human T-lymphoid progenitors generated in a feeder-cell-free Delta-like-4 culture system promote T-cell reconstitution in NOD\/SCID\/gammac(-\/-) mice","volume":"30","author":"Reimann","year":"2012","journal-title":"Stem Cells."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4258","article-title":"Progenitor T-cell differentiation from hematopoietic stem cells using delta-like-4 and VCAM-1","volume":"14","author":"Shukla","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Methods."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01850\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T22:23:43Z","timestamp":1696544623000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01850\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]},"references-count":116,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01850"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.01850","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,18]]},"article-number":"1850"}}