{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T18:18:18Z","timestamp":1780337898946,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81672042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81672042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T05:16:32Z","timestamp":1605762992000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Trichinella spiralis Calreticulin S-Domain Binds to Human Complement C1q to Interfere With C1q-Mediated Immune Functions"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shuai","family":"Shao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyue","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinghui","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Limei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/s0304-4017(00)00341-1","article-title":"Trichinellosis: a worldwide zoonosis","volume":"93","author":"Dupouy-Camet","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00026-08","article-title":"Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis","volume":"22","author":"Gottstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0065-308x(08)60354-1","article-title":"Parasites and complement","volume":"27","author":"Leid","year":"1988","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00532","article-title":"Complement Evasion: An Effective Strategy That Parasites Utilize to Survive in the Host","volume":"10","author":"Shao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00636","article-title":"Trichinella spiralis Calreticulin Binds Human Complement C1q As an Immune Evasion Strategy","volume":"8","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0162-3109(00)80301-x","article-title":"C1q: structure, function, and receptors","volume":"49","author":"Kishore","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2010.03.012","article-title":"The non-classical functions of the classical complement pathway recognition subcomponent C1q","volume":"131","author":"Nayak","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunol Lett"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2017.05.025","article-title":"C1q: A fresh look upon an old molecule","volume":"89","author":"Thielens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01667","article-title":"Trypanosoma cruzi Evades the Complement System as an Efficient Strategy to Survive in the Mammalian Host: The Specific Roles of Host\/Parasite Molecules and Trypanosoma cruzi Calreticulin","volume":"8","author":"Ramirez-Toloza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.01.007","article-title":"Trypanosoma cruzi Calreticulin: Immune Evasion, Infectivity, and Tumorigenesis","volume":"36","author":"Ramirez-Toloza","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e106413","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106413","article-title":"In silico and in vitro studies on the protein-protein interactions between Brugia malayi immunomodulatory protein calreticulin and human C1q","volume":"9","author":"Yadav","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2004.12.020","article-title":"Characterization of Haemonchus contortus calreticulin suggests its role in feeding and immune evasion by the parasite","volume":"1722","author":"Suchitra","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3024.2001.00366.x","article-title":"A calreticulin-like molecule from the human hookworm Necator americanus interacts with C1q and the cytoplasmic signalling domains of some integrins","volume":"23","author":"Kasper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3300247","article-title":"C1q-mediated chemotaxis by human neutrophils: involvement of gClqR and G-protein signalling mechanisms","volume":"330","author":"Leigh","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.58.2.168","article-title":"C1q triggers neutrophil superoxide production by a unique CD18-dependent mechanism","volume":"58","author":"Goodman","year":"1995","journal-title":"J leukocyte Biol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3399","article-title":"Neutrophil recruitment and function in health and inflammation","volume":"13","author":"Kolaczkowska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2006.11.001","article-title":"C1q and its growing family","volume":"212","author":"Ghai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20081847","article-title":"Calreticulin, a multi-process calcium-buffering chaperone of the endoplasmic reticulum","volume":"417","author":"Michalak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-5793(96)01156-8","article-title":"Localisation of the C1q binding site within C1q receptor\/calreticulin","volume":"397","author":"Stuart","year":"1996","journal-title":"FEBS Lett"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/s0162-3109(97)00076-3","article-title":"The C1q and collectin binding site within C1q receptor (cell surface calreticulin)","volume":"38","author":"Stuart","year":"1997","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbiopara.2009.02.007","article-title":"Mapping the complement C1q binding site in Haemonchus contortus calreticulin","volume":"166","author":"Naresha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Biochem Parasitol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032713-120154","article-title":"Complement and Its Receptors: New Insights into Human Disease","volume":"32","author":"Holers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205287","article-title":"The complement system in systemic lupus erythematosus: an update","volume":"73","author":"Leffler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2018.01.019","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps: The Biology of Chromatin Externalization","volume":"44","author":"Sollberger","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.105","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease","volume":"18","author":"Papayannopoulos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/s41423-018-0024-0","article-title":"NETosis, complement, and coagulation: a triangular relationship","volume":"16","author":"de Bont","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci84538","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps - the dark side of neutrophils","volume":"126","author":"Sorensen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4294","article-title":"An emerging role for neutrophil extracellular traps in noninfectious disease","volume":"23","author":"Jorch","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.09.012","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2017.125","article-title":"The complement system as a potential therapeutic target in rheumatic disease","volume":"13","author":"Trouw","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-4957-6","article-title":"A map of gene expression in neutrophil-like cell lines","volume":"19","author":"Rinc\u00f3n","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC genomics"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(95)00089-i","article-title":"Differentiation induction of human leukemia cells (HL60) by a combination of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and retinoic acid (all trans or 9-cis)","volume":"53","author":"Verstuyf","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2013.06.003","article-title":"Effects of hyperbaric oxygen treatment on antimicrobial function and apoptosis of differentiated HL-60 (neutrophil-like) cells","volume":"93","author":"Almzaiel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471143030.cb0430s68","article-title":"A Convenient Technique to Fix Suspension Cells on a Coverslip for Microscopy","volume":"68","author":"Mihara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Protoc Cell Biol"},{"key":"B35","article-title":"Cell Viability Assays","volume-title":"Assay Guidance Manual","author":"Riss","year":"2004"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2007.03.019","article-title":"Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: reversibility of reduced-energy status associated with the course of expulsion from the small intestine in rats","volume":"117","author":"Ishiwata","year":"2007","journal-title":"Exp Parasitol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M307764200","article-title":"The crystal structure of the globular head of complement protein C1q provides a basis for its versatile recognition properties","volume":"278","author":"Gaboriaud","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00567","article-title":"Analysis of the Interaction between Globular Head Modules of Human C1q and Its Candidate Receptor gC1qR","volume":"7","author":"Pednekar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-527-5_8","article-title":"Measurement of oxidative burst in neutrophils","volume":"844","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol (Clifton NJ)"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/ge-3325rn","article-title":"Cloning, characterization, and functional expression of Taenia solium calreticulin","volume":"90","author":"Mendlovic","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1645\/ge-96r","article-title":"Killing of schistosomes by elastase and hydrogen peroxide: implications for leukocyte-mediated schistosome killing","volume":"89","author":"Freudenstein-Dan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00207","article-title":"Elevated Systemic Levels of Eosinophil, Neutrophil, and Mast Cell Granular Proteins in Strongyloides Stercoralis Infection that Diminish following Treatment","volume":"9","author":"Rajamanickam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci109616","article-title":"Mechanisms of killing of newborn larvae of Trichinella spiralis by neutrophils and eosinophils. Killing by generators of hydrogen peroxide in vitro","volume":"64","author":"Bass","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.1993.15","article-title":"Immune killing of newborn Trichinella larvae by human leucocytes","volume":"15","author":"Venturiello","year":"1993","journal-title":"Parasite immunology"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2016.05.004","article-title":"Eosinophils in Helminth Infection: Defenders and Dupes","volume":"32","author":"Huang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1996.0156","article-title":"Human C1q induces eosinophil migration","volume":"81","author":"Kuna","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.5BT0615-234R","article-title":"At the Bedside: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) as targets for biomarkers and therapies in autoimmune diseases","volume":"99","author":"Barnado","year":"2016","journal-title":"J leukocyte Biol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02164","article-title":"Parasite-Derived Proteins for the Treatment of Allergies and Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01566","article-title":"Trichinella spiralis Infection Mitigates Collagen-Induced Arthritis via Programmed Death 1-Mediated Immunomodulation","volume":"9","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37789","article-title":"A parasite-derived 68-mer peptide ameliorates autoimmune disease in murine models of Type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Lund","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-018-9051-2","article-title":"Tuftsin phosphorylcholine-a novel compound harnessing helminths to fight autoimmunity","volume":"66","author":"Segal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-017-5544-5","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of helminths in autoimmune diseases: helminth-derived immune-regulators and immune balance","volume":"116","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96454","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096454","article-title":"Excretory\/secretory products from Trichinella spiralis adult worms ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in mice","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3561-1","article-title":"Preventive and therapeutic effects of Trichinella spiralis adult extracts on allergic inflammation in an experimental asthma mouse model","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasites Vectors"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572326\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]],"date-time":"2020-11-19T05:16:33Z","timestamp":1605762993000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572326\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572326","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,19]]},"article-number":"572326"}}