{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,26]],"date-time":"2025-08-26T06:29:21Z","timestamp":1756189761684,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572562","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T04:27:05Z","timestamp":1604982425000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Role of Properdin in Killing of Non-Pathogenic Leptospira biflexa"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Adriana Patricia Granados","family":"Martinez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia Antonia Estima","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"de Arruda Vasconcellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo Lee","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viviana P.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gurpanna","family":"Saggu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela Silva","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Isaac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0007270","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd","article-title":"Revisiting the taxonomy and evolution of pathogenicity of the genus Leptospira through the prism of genomics","volume":"13","author":"Vincent","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00623","article-title":"Complement Evasion by Pathogenic Leptospira. Front","volume":"7","author":"Fraga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2005.07.003","article-title":"Regulation of complement activation at the C3-level by serum resistant leptospires","volume":"39","author":"Meri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01310-08","article-title":"Immune evasion of Leptospira spp. by acquisition of human complement regulator C4BP","volume":"77","author":"Barbosa","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jir875","article-title":"Leptospiral immunoglobulin-like proteins interact with human complement regulators factor H, FHL-1, FHR-1, and C4BP","volume":"205","author":"Castiblanco-Valencia","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/335082a0","article-title":"Properdin, the terminal complement components, thrombospondin and the circumsporozoite protein of malaria parasites contain similar sequence motifs","volume":"335","author":"Goundis","year":"1988","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.12.5777","article-title":"Characterization of mutant forms of recombinant human properdin lacking single thrombospondin type I repeats. Identification of modules important for function","volume":"155","author":"Higgins","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2870291","article-title":"Characterization of the human properdin gene","volume":"287","author":"Nolan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)43086-9","article-title":"Molecular architecture of human properdin, a positive regulator of the alternative pathway of complement","volume":"259","author":"Smith","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.05.018","article-title":"Properdin: A multifaceted molecule involved in inflammation and diseases","volume":"102","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3083.2003.01326.x","article-title":"Ontogeny of complement regulatory proteins - concentrations of factor h, factor I, C4b-binding protein, properdin and vitronectin in healthy children of different ages and in adults","volume":"58","author":"de Paula","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00093","article-title":"Properdin and factor H: opposing players on the alternative complement pathway \u201csee-saw\u201d","volume":"23","author":"Kouser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.120.3112.279","article-title":"The properdin system and immunity: I. Demonstration and isolation of a new serum protein, properdin, and its role in immune phenomena","volume":"120","author":"Pillemer","year":"1954","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.11.5867","article-title":"Regulation of the amplification C3 convertase of human complement by an inhibitory protein isolated from human erythrocyte membrane","volume":"76","author":"Fearon","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01893019","article-title":"The alternative pathway of complement","volume":"7","author":"Pangburn","year":"1984","journal-title":"Springer Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.142.4.856","article-title":"Properdin: binding to C3b and stabilization of the C3b dependent C3 convertase","volume":"142","author":"Fearon","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00460-06","article-title":"A newly identified leptospiral adhesin mediates attachment to laminin","volume":"74","author":"Barbosa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2019.03.001","article-title":"Culture-attenuated pathogenic Leptospira lose the ability to survive to complement-mediated-killing due to lower expression of factor H binding proteins","volume":"21","author":"Moreno-Torres","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2020.07.005","article-title":"Contribution of Complement System pathways to the killing of Leptospira spp","author":"Alves da Silva","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41566","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041566","article-title":"Multiple activities of LigB potentiate virulence of Leptospira interrogans: inhibition of alternative and classical pathways of complement","volume":"7","author":"Choy","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2016.01.001","article-title":"Plasminogen cleaves fibrinogen and the human complement proteins C3b and C5 in the presence of Leptospira interrogans proteins: A new role of LigA and LigB in invasion and complement immune evasion","volume":"221","author":"Castiblanco-Valencia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1990.tb05008.x","article-title":"Inherited complement deficiency states: implications for immunity and immunological disease","volume":"98","author":"Sj\u00f6holm","year":"1990","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2009.02.008","article-title":"Properdin deficiency associated with recurrent otitis media and pneumonia, and identification of male carrier with Klinefelter syndrome","volume":"131","author":"Schejbel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2011.05.001","article-title":"Complement deficiency states and associated infections","volume":"48","author":"Skattum","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/82_2017_47","article-title":"Complement Immune Evasion by Spirochetes","volume":"415","author":"Barbosa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00980-10","article-title":"Native properdin binds to Chlamydia pneumoniae and promotes complement activation","volume":"79","author":"Cortes","year":"2011","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932:40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2010.02.002","article-title":"Native polymeric forms of properdin selectively bind to targets and promote activation of the alternative pathway of complement","volume":"215","author":"Ferreira","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2008.06.034","article-title":"Properdin: New roles in pattern recognition and target clearance","volume":"45","author":"Kemper","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0801015105","article-title":"The complement protein properdin binds apoptotic T cells and promotes complement activation and phagocytosis","volume":"105","author":"Kemper","year":"2008","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.4.2600","article-title":"Properdin can initiate complement activation by binding specific target surfaces and providing a platform for de novo convertase assembly","volume":"179","author":"Spitzer","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.11.7613","article-title":"Properdin binds to late apoptotic and necrotic cells independently of C3b and regulates alternative pathway complement activation","volume":"180","author":"Xu","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0903598","article-title":"An evaluation of the role of properdin in alternative pathway activation on Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"185","author":"Agarwal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1612385114","article-title":"Properdin binding to complement activating surfaces depends on initial C3b deposition","volume":"114","author":"Harboe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.90313.2008","article-title":"Complement activation by tubular cells is mediated by properdin binding","volume":"295","author":"Gaarkeuken","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Renal Physiol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2005.11.078","article-title":"Streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B cleaves properdin and inhibits complement-mediated opsonophagocytosis","volume":"339","author":"Tsao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.6.3964","article-title":"A novel mechanism of complement inhibition unmasked by a tick salivary protein that binds to properdin","volume":"180","author":"Tyson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit569","article-title":"Immune evasion by pathogenic Leptospira strains: the secretion of proteases that directly cleave complement proteins","volume":"209","author":"Fraga","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101250","article-title":"Properdin: emerging roles of a pattern-recognition molecule","volume":"28","author":"Kemper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425909105580","article-title":"Replication or death: distinct fates of pathogenic Leptospira strain Lai within macrophages of human or mouse origin","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"Innate Immun"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572562\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T22:53:35Z","timestamp":1697064815000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572562\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572562"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.572562","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1664-3224"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"article-number":"572562"}}