{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:10:24Z","timestamp":1787771424457,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005390","name":"Alfred \u00d6sterlunds Stiftelse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005390","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007857","name":"Stiftelsen Konung Gustaf V:s 80-\u00e5rsfond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007857","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003173","name":"Crafoordska Stiftelsen","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003173","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007949","name":"Reumatikerf\u00f6rbundet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007949","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008035","name":"Njurfonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.582737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T04:46:07Z","timestamp":1601613967000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Plasma C4d Correlates With C4d Deposition in Kidneys and With Treatment Response in Lupus Nephritis Patients"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Myriam","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Trattner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara C.","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albin","family":"Bj\u00f6rk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agneta","family":"Zickert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Blom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iva","family":"Gunnarsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203319847275","article-title":"Assessing the relative impact of lupus nephritis on mortality in a population-based systemic lupus erythematosus cohort.","volume":"28","author":"Reppe Moe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308100481","article-title":"European consensus statement on the terminology used in the management of lupus glomerulonephritis.","volume":"18","author":"Gordon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21664","article-title":"American College of Rheumatology guidelines for screening, treatment, and management of lupus nephritis.","volume":"64","author":"Hahn","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-215089","article-title":"2019 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"78","author":"Fanouriakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05780616","article-title":"Update on lupus nephritis.","volume":"12","author":"Almaani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21625","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology response criteria for proliferative and membranous renal disease in systemic lupus erythematosus clinical trials.","volume":"54","author":"Liang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2014-000018","article-title":"Role of early repeated renal biopsies in lupus nephritis.","volume":"1","author":"Zickert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1470-2","article-title":"Plasma C4d as marker for lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"19","author":"Martin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2015.02.029","article-title":"Antibodies reactive to cleaved sites in complement proteins enable highly specific measurement of soluble markers of complement activation.","volume":"66","author":"Blom","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol Immunol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780251101","article-title":"The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"25","author":"Tan","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2677","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34473","article-title":"Derivation and validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"64","author":"Petri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1097\/01.asn.0000108969.21691.5d","article-title":"The classification of glomerulonephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus revisited.","volume":"15","author":"Weening","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90338-8","article-title":"Prognostic factors in lupus nephritis. Contribution of renal histologic data.","volume":"75","author":"Austin","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Med."},{"key":"B14","first-page":"288","article-title":"Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000.","volume":"29","author":"Gladman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Rheumatol."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.182.3.1518","article-title":"Complement inhibitor C4b-binding protein interacts directly with small glycoproteins of the extracellular matrix.","volume":"182","author":"Happonen","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-145-4-200608150-00004","article-title":"Using standardized serum creatinine values in the modification of diet in renal disease study equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate.","volume":"145","author":"Levey","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2016-000170","article-title":"Interferon (IFN)-lambda is a potential mediator in lupus nephritis.","volume":"3","author":"Zickert","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0326-9_2","article-title":"The lupus biomarker odyssey: one experience.","volume":"1134","author":"Ahearn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212068","article-title":"Serum Axl predicts histology-based response to induction therapy and long-term renal outcome in lupus nephritis.","volume":"14","author":"Parodis","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez528","article-title":"ALCAM and VCAM-1 as urine biomarkers of activity and long-term renal outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"59","author":"Parodis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013010026","article-title":"The pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.","volume":"24","author":"Lech","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.10100","article-title":"Reference distributions for complement proteins C3 and C4: a practical, simple and clinically relevant approach in a large cohort.","volume":"18","author":"Ritchie","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310371154","article-title":"The complex nature of serum C3 and C4 as biomarkers of lupus renal flare.","volume":"19","author":"Birmingham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2018.10.011","article-title":"Update on the native kidney biopsy: core curriculum 2019.","volume":"73","author":"Luciano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203317751048","article-title":"Risk of complications of ultrasound-guided renal biopsy for adult and pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"27","author":"Sun","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lupus."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2277-x","article-title":"Complement genes contribute sex-biased vulnerability in diverse disorders.","volume":"582","author":"Kamitaki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1159\/000184700","article-title":"Phenotypes, genotypes and disease susceptibility associated with gene copy number variations: complement C4 CNVs in European American healthy subjects and those with systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"123","author":"Wu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cytogenet Genome Res."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2019-000326","article-title":"Measuring plasma C4D to monitor immune complexes in lupus nephritis.","volume":"6","author":"Kraaij","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lupus Sci Med."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1993.187","article-title":"Capillary deposition of C4d complement fragment and early renal graft loss.","volume":"43","author":"Feucht","year":"1993","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-6143.2003.00072.x","article-title":"Antibody-mediated rejection criteria \u2013 an addition to the Banff 97 classification of renal allograft rejection.","volume":"3","author":"Racusen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Transplant."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-019-0031-6","article-title":"Clinical promise of next-generation complement therapeutics.","volume":"18","author":"Mastellos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27267","article-title":"Erythrocyte C3d and C4d for monitoring disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.","volume":"62","author":"Kao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.582737\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]],"date-time":"2020-10-02T04:46:15Z","timestamp":1601613975000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/article\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.582737\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2020.582737"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.582737","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,2]]},"article-number":"582737"}}