{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:08:25Z","timestamp":1790284105914,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":130,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]],"date-time":"2020-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.583513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T23:50:13Z","timestamp":1604533813000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Roles of Interactions Between Toll-Like Receptors and Their Endogenous Ligands in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Adult-Onset Still\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ju-Yang","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Won","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Hee","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyoun-Ah","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2018.02.002","article-title":"Systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis: New insights into pathogenesis and cytokine directed therapies","volume":"31","author":"Pardeo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.07.018","article-title":"A comprehensive review on adult onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"93","author":"Giacomelli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2014.971052","article-title":"Adult-onset Still\u2019s disease-pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and new treatment options","volume":"47","author":"Kadavath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201546092","article-title":"Understanding inflammation in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: How immune biomarkers guide clinical strategies in the systemic onset subtype","volume":"46","author":"Swart","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"B5","article-title":"Serum cytokine profiles in patients with adult onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"30","author":"Choi","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40099","article-title":"Proinflammatory Cytokine Environments Can Drive Interleukin-17 Overexpression by \u03b3\/\u03b4 T Cells in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis","volume":"69","author":"Kessel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740701340081","article-title":"Interleukin-1beta and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphisms in Korean patients with adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"36","author":"Youm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1520779112","article-title":"HLA-DRB1*11 and variants of the MHC class II locus are strong risk factors for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"112","author":"Ombrello","year":"2015","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740510026652","article-title":"TNF-alpha promoter gene polymorphisms in Spanish children with persistent oligoarticular and systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"34","author":"Modesto","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-017-1406-x","article-title":"Effects of HLA-DRB1 alleles on susceptibility and clinical manifestations in Japanese patients with adult onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Asano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R65","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4239","article-title":"A genetic role for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2012.01.027","article-title":"Significant association of past parvovirus B19 infection with cytopenia in both adult-onset Still\u2019s disease and systemic lupus erythematosus patients","volume":"413","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"B13","article-title":"Adult-Onset Still\u2019s Disease and cytomegalovirus infection","volume":"35","author":"Bento","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Rheumatol Port"},{"key":"B14","article-title":"Hepatitis B-assocciated adult-onset Still\u2019s disease presenting with neutrophilic urticaria","volume":"8","author":"Gambichler","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749709065695","article-title":"Serological findings in patients with acute syndromes fulfilling the proposed criteria of adult onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"26","author":"Valtonen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Scan J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.48.9.781","article-title":"Still\u2019s disease associated with adenovirus infection and defect in adenovirus directed natural killing","volume":"48","author":"Luder","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1800765","article-title":"A\u00a0Multiparameter Flow Cytometry Analysis Panel to Assess CD163 mRNA and Protein in Monocyte and Macrophage Populations in Hyperinflammatory Diseases","volume":"202","author":"Thornton","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2011.644325","article-title":"Neutrophil CD64 is upregulated in patients with active adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Komiya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.5.477","article-title":"High serum level of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"38","author":"Matsui","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-200598","article-title":"The Toll-like receptor 4 agonist MRP8\/14 protein complex is a sensitive indicator for disease activity and predicts relapses in systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"71","author":"Holzinger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.120079","article-title":"Serum S100A8\/A9, but not follistatin-like protein 1 and interleukin 18, may be a useful biomarker of disease activity in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"39","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathmechdis-012419-032847","article-title":"DAMPs, PAMPs, and LAMPs in Immunity and Sterile Inflammation","volume":"15","author":"Zindel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pathol"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2019.1615449","article-title":"The role of damage-associated molecular pattern for pathogenesis and biomarkers in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Jung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev Mol Diagn"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-016-3314-x","article-title":"Elevated high-mobility group B1 levels in active adult-onset Still\u2019s disease associated with systemic score and skin rash","volume":"35","author":"Jung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-12-50","article-title":"The presence of high mobility group box-1 and soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products in juvenile idiopathic arthritis and juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"12","author":"Bobek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17081342","article-title":"TLR4 Endogenous Ligand S100A8\/A9 Levels in Adult-Onset Still\u2019s Disease and Their Association with Disease Activity and Clinical Manifestations","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7517","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44032-6","article-title":"Histopathology and expression of the chemokines CXCL10, CXCL13, and CXCR3 and the endogenous TLR-4 ligand S100A8\/A9 in lymph nodes of patients with adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41107","article-title":"Innately Adaptive or Truly Autoimmune: Is There Something Unique About Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis","volume":"72","author":"Kessel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kes162","article-title":"Th1 and Th17 cell subpopulations are enriched in the peripheral blood of patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"51","author":"Omoyinmi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq284","article-title":"Potential role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"49","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.132508","article-title":"Th17 reprogramming of T cells in systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"5","author":"Henderson","year":"2020","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2058738418791284","article-title":"Characteristic patterns of HLA presentation and T cell differentiation in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"32","author":"Jung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol"},{"key":"B33","article-title":"Preliminary criteria for classification of adult Still\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B34","article-title":"Diagnostic value of ferritin and glycosylated ferritin in adult onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"28","author":"Fautrel","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/672395","article-title":"DAMPening inflammation by modulating TLR signalling","volume":"2010","author":"Piccinini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.02.041","article-title":"Toll-like Receptors and the Control of Immunity","volume":"180","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1457","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 9-dependent activation by DNA-containing immune complexes is mediated by HMGB1 and RAGE","volume":"8","author":"Tian","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20031023","article-title":"LPS-TLR4 signaling to IRF-3\/7 and NF-kappaB involves the toll adapters TRAM and TRIF","volume":"198","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.187.12.2097","article-title":"The human toll signaling pathway: divergence of nuclear factor kappaB and JNK\/SAPK activation upstream of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6)","volume":"187","author":"Muzio","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1097-2765(00)80136-7","article-title":"MyD88 is an adaptor protein in the hToll\/IL-1 receptor family signaling pathways","volume":"2","author":"Medzhitov","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mol Cell"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-015-8473-z","article-title":"Toll-Like Receptor Pathways in Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"50","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00182","article-title":"Alarmins of the S100-Family in Juvenile Autoimmune and Auto-Inflammatory Diseases","volume":"10","author":"Holzinger","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.172487","article-title":"Enlightening the role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in inflammation: Updates on receptor signalling","volume":"858","author":"Paudel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.5.3337","article-title":"The role of IFN-alpha and nitric oxide in the release of HMGB1 by RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid or lipopolysaccharide","volume":"177","author":"Jiang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00616.2005","article-title":"The extracellular release of HMGB1 during apoptotic cell death","volume":"291","author":"Bell","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20141318","article-title":"MD-2 is required for disulfide HMGB1-dependent TLR4 signaling","volume":"212","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002843","article-title":"Serum amyloid A activates the NLRP3 inflammasome via P2X7 receptor and a cathepsin B-sensitive pathway","volume":"186","author":"Niemi","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-03-139923","article-title":"Serum amyloid A induces G-CSF expression and neutrophilia via Toll-like receptor 2","volume":"113","author":"He","year":"2009","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0407203","article-title":"Is serum amyloid A an endogenous TLR4 agonist","volume":"83","author":"Sandri","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3A0315-085R","article-title":"Serum amyloid A1\u03b1 induces paracrine IL-8\/CXCL8 via TLR2 and directly synergizes with this chemokine via CXCR2 and formyl peptide receptor 2 to recruit neutrophils","volume":"98","author":"De Buck","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R39","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4193","article-title":"Involvement of TLR7 MyD88-dependent signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302549","article-title":"Cutting edge: Endoplasmic reticulum stress licenses macrophages to produce mature IL-1\u03b2 in response to TLR4 stimulation through a caspase-8- and TRIF-dependent pathway","volume":"192","author":"Shenderov","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2012.328","article-title":"TLR activation regulates damage-associated molecular pattern isoforms released during pyroptosis","volume":"32","author":"Nystr\u00f6m","year":"2013","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.401406","article-title":"Toll or interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-\u03b2 (TRIF)-mediated caspase-11 protease production integrates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) protein- and Nlrp3 inflammasome-mediated host defense against enteropathogens","volume":"287","author":"Gurung","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.61","article-title":"Toll-like receptors and chronic inflammation in rheumatic diseases: new developments","volume":"12","author":"Joosten","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-9440(10)63918-1","article-title":"Expression and regulation of Toll-like receptor 2 in rheumatoid arthritis synovium","volume":"162","author":"Seibl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20678","article-title":"Expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in rheumatoid synovial tissue and regulation by proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 via interferon-gamma","volume":"50","author":"Radstake","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0801563","article-title":"Heat shock protein 96 is elevated in rheumatoid arthritis and activates macrophages primarily via TLR2 signaling","volume":"182","author":"Huang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30290","article-title":"S100A8 enhances osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro through activation of Toll-like receptor 4: implications for bone destruction in murine antigen-induced arthritis","volume":"63","author":"Grevers","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.2.1256","article-title":"Chemokine secretion of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts stimulated by Toll-like receptor 2 ligands","volume":"172","author":"Pierer","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24140","article-title":"Overexpression of toll-like receptors 3 and 4 in synovial tissue from patients with early rheumatoid arthritis: toll-like receptor expression in early and longstanding arthritis","volume":"58","author":"Ospelt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21273","article-title":"RNA released from necrotic synovial fluid cells activates rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts via Toll-like receptor 3","volume":"52","author":"Brentano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21278","article-title":"The expression of toll-like receptors 3 and 7 in rheumatoid arthritis synovium is increased and costimulation of toll-like receptors 3, 4, and 7\/8 results in synergistic cytokine production by dendritic cells","volume":"52","author":"Roelofs","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2011-201203","article-title":"Ligation of TLR7 by rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid single strand RNA induces transcription of TNF\u03b1 in monocytes","volume":"72","author":"Chamberlain","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22848","article-title":"Inhibition of Toll-like receptor 4 breaks the inflammatory loop in autoimmune destructive arthritis","volume":"56","author":"Abdollahi-Roodsaz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.11.8002","article-title":"Inhibitors of TLR8 reduce TNF production from human rheumatoid synovial membrane cultures","volume":"181","author":"Sacre","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.086421","article-title":"Type I interferons might form the link between Toll-like receptor (TLR) 3\/7 and TLR4-mediated synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA)","volume":"68","author":"Roelofs","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1302998","article-title":"Ligation of TLR5 promotes myeloid cell infiltration and differentiation into mature osteoclasts in rheumatoid arthritis and experimental arthritis","volume":"193","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-013-2666-7","article-title":"Toll-like receptor polymorphisms and rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0039.2004.00162.x","article-title":"Polymorphisms of toll-like receptor 2 and 4 genes in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"63","author":"S\u00e1nchez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.08.015","article-title":"Distinct Effector B Cells Induced by Unregulated Toll-like Receptor 7 Contribute to Pathogenic Responses in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"49","author":"Jenks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20051696","article-title":"Immune stimulation mediated by autoantigen binding sites within small nuclear RNAs involves Toll-like receptors 7 and 8","volume":"202","author":"Vollmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/asn.2006101162","article-title":"Inhibition of Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR-7) or TLR-7 plus TLR-9 attenuates glomerulonephritis and lung injury in experimental lupus","volume":"18","author":"Pawar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00022","article-title":"Expression of TLR-7, MyD88, NF-kB, and INF-\u03b1 in B Lymphocytes of Mayan Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in Mexico","volume":"7","author":"Pacheco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050338","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 9 controls anti-DNA autoantibody production in murine lupus","volume":"202","author":"Christensen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2010.05.004","article-title":"TLR9 and TLR4 are required for the development of autoimmunity and lupus nephritis in pristane nephropathy","volume":"35","author":"Summers","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0902592","article-title":"TLR9 regulates TLR7- and MyD88-dependent autoantibody production and disease in a murine model of lupus","volume":"184","author":"Nickerson","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci132328","article-title":"B cell-intrinsic TLR9 expression is protective in murine lupus","volume":"130","author":"Tilstra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1314121111","article-title":"TLR8 on dendritic cells and TLR9 on B cells restrain TLR7-mediated spontaneous autoimmunity in C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"111","author":"Desnues","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaz1053","article-title":"The kinase IRAK4 promotes endosomal TLR and immune complex signaling in B cells and plasmacytoid dendritic cells","author":"Corzo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Signal"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2020.119974","article-title":"The \u03b1C helix of TIRAP holds therapeutic potential in TLR-mediated autoimmune diseases","volume":"245","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1612-6","article-title":"UNC93B1 recruits syntenin-1 to dampen TLR7 signalling and prevent autoimmunity","volume":"575","author":"Majer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B83","article-title":"Associations between TLR polymorphisms and systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03311.x","article-title":"Expression of functional Toll-like receptors by salivary gland epithelial cells: increased mRNA expression in cells derived from patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"147","author":"Spachidou","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R64","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3780","article-title":"TLR2 ligation induces the production of IL-23\/IL-17 via IL-6, STAT3 and NF-kB pathway in patients with primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Kwok","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12368","article-title":"TLR-7 and -9 Stimulation of Peripheral Blood B Cells Indicate Altered TLR Signalling in Primary Sj\u00f6gren\u2019s Syndrome Patients by Increased Secretion of Cytokines","volume":"82","author":"Karlsen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.13426","article-title":"Toll-like receptors in mediating pathogenesis in systemic sclerosis","volume":"201","author":"Frasca","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232ra250","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3008264","article-title":"FibronectinEDA promotes chronic cutaneous fibrosis through Toll-like receptor signaling","volume":"6","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11703","article-title":"Tenascin-C drives persistence of organ fibrosis","volume":"7","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39655","article-title":"Toll-like Receptor 9 Signaling Is Augmented in Systemic Sclerosis and Elicits Transforming Growth Factor \u03b2-Dependent Fibroblast Activation","volume":"68","author":"Fang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09683-z","article-title":"CXCL4 assembles DNA into liquid crystalline complexes to amplify TLR9-mediated interferon-\u03b1 production in systemic sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Lande","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203494","article-title":"Anticardiolipin (aCL) in sera from periodontitis subjects activate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)","volume":"13","author":"Schenkein","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-03-024463","article-title":"The role of TLR2 in the inflammatory activation of mouse fibroblasts by human antiphospholipid antibodies","volume":"109","author":"Satta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2009.03.002","article-title":"Human antiphospholipid antibodies induce TNFalpha in monocytes via Toll-like receptor 8","volume":"215","author":"D\u00f6ring","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2008.12.003","article-title":"TLR7 and TLR8 ligands and antiphospholipid antibodies show synergistic effects on the induction of IL-1beta and caspase-1 in monocytes and dendritic cells","volume":"214","author":"Hurst","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40416","article-title":"Antiphospholipid Antibodies Inhibit Trophoblast Toll-Like Receptor and Inflammasome Negative Regulators","volume":"70","author":"Mulla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2014.03.001","article-title":"\u03b22-glycoprotein I, lipopolysaccharide and endothelial TLR4: three players in the two hit theory for anti-phospholipid-mediated thrombosis","volume":"55","author":"Raschi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21238","article-title":"Innate immunity conferred by Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 expression is pivotal to monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced inflammation","volume":"52","author":"Liu-Bryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R158","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3898","article-title":"Enhanced interleukin-1\u03b2 production of PBMCs from patients with gout after stimulation with Toll-like receptor-2 ligands and urate crystals","volume":"14","author":"Mylona","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kez259","article-title":"Monosodium urate crystal interleukin-1\u03b2 release is dependent on Toll-like receptor 4 and transient receptor potential V1 activation","volume":"59","author":"Rossato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38369","article-title":"Myeloid-related proteins 8 and 14 contribute to monosodium urate monohydrate crystal-induced inflammation in gout","volume":"66","author":"Holzinger","year":"2014","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2350","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2016.255","article-title":"Kinsenoside screening with a microfluidic chip attenuates gouty arthritis through inactivating NF-\u03baB signaling in macrophages and protecting endothelial cells","volume":"7","author":"Han","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1638","article-title":"Mrp8 and Mrp14 are endogenous activators of Toll-like receptor 4, promoting lethal, endotoxin-induced shock","volume":"13","author":"Vogl","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567","article-title":"Induction of nuclear factor-\u03baB responses by the S100A9 protein is Toll-like receptor-4-dependent","volume":"137","author":"Riva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201209-1602OC","article-title":"Proinflammatory S100A12 can activate human monocytes via Toll-like receptor 4","volume":"187","author":"Foell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2018.06.027","article-title":"Calcium and zinc tune autoinflammatory Toll-like receptor 4 signaling by S100A12","volume":"142","author":"Kessel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI89867","article-title":"Autoinhibitory regulation of S100A8\/S100A9 alarmin activity locally restricts sterile inflammation","volume":"128","author":"Vogl","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.14-255992","article-title":"Injury-induced MRP8\/MRP14 stimulates IP-10\/CXCL10 in monocytes\/macrophages","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27654","article-title":"S100A8 causes a shift toward expression of activatory Fc\u03b3 receptors on macrophages via toll-like receptor 4 and regulates Fc\u03b3 receptor expression in synovium during chronic experimental arthritis","volume":"62","author":"van Lent","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2150","article-title":"The Toll-like receptor 4 ligands Mrp8 and Mrp14 are crucial in the development of autoreactive CD8+ T cells","volume":"16","author":"Loser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24349","article-title":"The myeloid-related proteins 8 and 14 complex, a novel ligand of toll-like receptor 4, and interleukin-1beta form a positive feedback mechanism in systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"60","author":"Frosch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.091120","article-title":"Serum calprotectin as a marker for disease activity and severity in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"37","author":"Jung","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24137","article-title":"S100A12 is a novel molecular marker differentiating systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis from other causes of fever of unknown origin","volume":"58","author":"Wittkowski","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.140651","article-title":"Serum S100A12 may be a useful biomarker of disease activity in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Bae","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rheumatol"},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0115828","article-title":"S100A9 induced inflammatory responses are mediated by distinct damage associated molecular patterns (DAMP) receptors in vitro and in vivo","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2017.2987","article-title":"Proinflammatory effects of S100A8\/A9 via TLR4 and RAGE signaling pathways in BV-2 microglial cells","volume":"40","author":"Ma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02995","article-title":"Neutrophils From Children With Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Exhibit Persistent Proinflammatory Activation Despite Long-Standing Clinically Inactive Disease","volume":"9","author":"Brown","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2004.026930","article-title":"Toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"64","author":"Lamb","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1546-0096-11-9","article-title":"Surface expression and genotypes of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"11","author":"Kirchner","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"B120","first-page":"74","article-title":"The role of low density granulocytes and NETosis in the pathogenesis of adult-onset Still\u2019s Disease","volume":"37","author":"Torres-Ruiz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.181058","article-title":"Neutrophil Extracellular Traps May Contribute to the Pathogenesis in Adult-onset Still Disease","volume":"46","author":"Ahn","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.161354","article-title":"Elevated Expression of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Its Correlation with Disease Activity in Adult-onset Still Disease","volume":"44","author":"Hsieh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33496","article-title":"Amplification of the response to Toll-like receptor ligands by prolonged exposure to interleukin-6 in mice: implication for the pathogenesis of macrophage activation syndrome","volume":"64","author":"Strippoli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107886","article-title":"IL-6 amplifies TLR mediated cytokine and chemokine production: implications for the pathogenesis of rheumatic inflammatory diseases","volume":"9","author":"Caiello","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2012.53.5.1045","article-title":"Serum amyloid A circulating levels and disease activity in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis","volume":"53","author":"Cantarini","year":"2012","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000013394","article-title":"Serum amyloid A1 (SAA1) gene polymorphisms in Japanese patients with adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"97","author":"Yashiro","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med (Baltimore)"},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/s12969-020-0398-2","article-title":"The use of S100 proteins testing in juvenile idiopathic arthritis and autoinflammatory diseases in a pediatric clinical setting: a retrospective analysis","volume":"18","author":"Aljaberi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Rheumatol Online J"},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-015-3108-6","article-title":"Serum calprotectin\u2013a promising diagnostic marker for adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"35","author":"Guo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-201329","article-title":"Paediatric Rheumatology International Trials Organization (PRINTO). Phagocyte-specific S100 proteins and high-sensitivity C reactive protein as biomarkers for a risk-adapted treatment to maintain remission in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a comparative study","volume":"71","author":"Gerss","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1800-z","article-title":"Increased neutrophil extracellular traps activate NLRP3 and inflammatory macrophages in adult-onset Still\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.583513\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T23:50:16Z","timestamp":1604533816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.583513\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"references-count":130,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2020.583513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2020.583513","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,5]]},"article-number":"583513"}}