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There are limited data on the role of such factors during human infections with <jats:italic>Ascaris lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>. Here, we describe the potential role of genetic factors as determinants of the Th2 immune response to <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> in Brazilian children. Stool samples were collected from the children to detect <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> by microscopy and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) were cultured in whole blood cultures for detection of cytokines (IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13) <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Levels of anti-<jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> IgE and IgG4 were measured in plasma. DNA was extracted from PBLs and genotyped using Illumina 2.5 Human Omni Beadchip. Candidate genes associated with <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> responses were identified and SNVs in these selected genes associated with the Th2 immune response to <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>. Haplotype, gene expression, and epigenetic analyses were done to identify potential associations with Th2 immune responses. GWAS on samples from 1,189 children identified <jats:italic>WSB1<\/jats:italic> as a candidate gene, and IL-21R was selected as a biologically relevant linked gene for further analysis. Variants in <jats:italic>WSB1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL21R<\/jats:italic> were associated with markers of Th2 immune responses: increased <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic>-specific IgE and IL-5\/IL-13 by PBLs from infected compared to uninfected individuals. In infected children, <jats:italic>WSB1<\/jats:italic> but not <jats:italic>IL21R<\/jats:italic> gene expression was suppressed and increased methylation was observed in the <jats:italic>WSB1<\/jats:italic> promoter region. This is the first study to show an association between genetic variants in <jats:italic>WSB1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>IL21R<\/jats:italic> and Th2 immune responses during <jats:italic>A. lumbricoides<\/jats:italic> infections in children. <jats:italic>WSB1<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>IL21R<\/jats:italic> pathways could provide a potential target for the treatment of Th2-mediated diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.622051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T04:41:34Z","timestamp":1613968894000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["WSB1 and IL21R Genetic Variants Are Involved in Th2 Immune Responses to Ascaris lumbricoides"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Valdirene Le\u00e3o","family":"Carneiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hugo Bernardino 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