{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T22:08:58Z","timestamp":1793830138070,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1613692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of spondyloarthropathies, the diagnosis of which is often delayed. The\u00a0lack of early diagnosis tools often delays the institution of appropriate therapy.\u00a0This study aimed to investigate the systemic metabolic shifts associated with AS and TNF inhibitors treatment. Additionally, we aimed to define reliable serum biomarkers for the diagnosis. We employed an untargeted technique, ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC-MS), to analyze the serum metabolome of 32 AS individuals before and after 24-week TNF inhibitors treatment, as well as 40 health controls (HCs). Multivariate and univariate statistical analyses were used to profile the differential metabolites associated with AS and\u00a0TNF inhibitors. A diagnostic panel was\u00a0established with\u00a0the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). The pathway analysis was also conducted. A total of 55 significantly differential metabolites were detected. We generated a diagnostic panel comprising five metabolites (L-glutamate, arachidonic acid, L-phenylalanine, PC (18:1(9Z)\/18:1(9Z)), 1-palmitoylglycerol), capable of distinguishing HCs from AS with a high\u00a0AUC of\u00a00.998, (95%CI: 0.992\u20131.000).\u00a0TNF inhibitors treatment could restore the equilibrium of 21 metabolites. The most involved pathways in AS were\u00a0amino acid biosynthesis, glycolysis, glutaminolysis, fatty acids biosynthesis and choline metabolism. This study characterized the serum metabolomics signatures of AS and TNF\u00a0inhibitor therapy. We developed a five-metabolites-based panel serving as a diagnostic tool to\u00a0separate patients from HCs. This serum metabolomics study yielded new knowledge about the AS pathogenesis and the systemic effects of TNF inhibitors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.630791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]],"date-time":"2021-02-20T23:37:40Z","timestamp":1613864260000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Serum Metabolomics Signatures Associated With Ankylosing Spondylitis and TNF Inhibitor 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