{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T08:12:47Z","timestamp":1793520767833,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":156,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tissue engineering opens multiple opportunities in regenerative medicine, drug testing, and modeling of the hematopoiesis in health and disease. Recapitulating the organization of physiological microenvironments supporting leukocyte development is essential to model faithfully the development of immune cells. Hematopoietic organs are shaped by spatially organized niches defined by multiple cellular contributions. A shared feature of immune niches is the presence of mesenchymal stromal cells endowed with unique roles in organizing niche development, maintenance, and function. Here, we review challenges and opportunities in harnessing stromal cells for the engineering of artificial immune niches and hematopoietic organoids recapitulating leukocyte ontogeny both <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.631279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T09:37:14Z","timestamp":1615801034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Harnessing Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for the Engineering of Human Hematopoietic Niches"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Pievani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Savoldelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliane","family":"Poelchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Mattioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Anselmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Girardot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Utikal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Bourdely","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Serafini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Guermonprez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Fibroblast precursors in normal and irradiated mouse hematopoietic organs","volume":"4","author":"Friedenstein","year":"1976","journal-title":"Exp Hematol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2015.02.019","article-title":"Mesenchymal cell contributions to the stem cell niche","volume":"16","author":"Kfoury","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100090504","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"9","author":"Caplan","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Orthop Res."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143","article-title":"Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"284","author":"Pittenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.08.025","article-title":"Self-renewing osteoprogenitors in bone marrow sinusoids can organize a hematopoietic microenvironment","volume":"131","author":"Sacchetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2019.08.006","article-title":"Fate distribution and regulatory role of human mesenchymal stromal cells in engineered hematopoietic bone organs","volume":"19","author":"Bourgine","year":"2019","journal-title":"iScience."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.10.016","article-title":"Maintenance of the hematopoietic stem cell pool by CXCL12-CXCR4 chemokine signaling in bone marrow stromal cell niches","volume":"25","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B8","first-page":"174","article-title":"Sl\/Sld hematopoietic progenitors are deficient in situ","volume":"22","author":"Barker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"B9","first-page":"542","article-title":"Early transplantation to a normal microenvironment prevents the development of Steel hematopoietic stem cell defects","volume":"25","author":"Barker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp Hematol."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10783","article-title":"Endothelial and perivascular cells maintain haematopoietic stem cells","volume":"481","author":"Ding","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5431","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0701152104","article-title":"Distribution of hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow according to regional hypoxia","volume":"104","author":"Parmar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2009.03.004","article-title":"What is the true nature of the osteoblastic hematopoietic stem cell niche?","volume":"20","author":"Askmyr","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2005.05.026","article-title":"SLAM family receptors distinguish hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and reveal endothelial niches for stem cells","volume":"121","author":"Kiel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2007.06.001","article-title":"Lack of evidence that hematopoietic stem cells depend on N-cadherin-mediated adhesion to osteoblasts for their maintenance","volume":"1","author":"Kiel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12612","article-title":"Arteriolar niches maintain haematopoietic stem cell quiescence","volume":"502","author":"Kunisaki","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1038\/nature15250","article-title":"Deep imaging of bone marrow shows non-dividing stem cells are mainly perisinusoidal","volume":"526","author":"Acar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17624","article-title":"Distinct bone marrow blood vessels differentially regulate haematopoiesis","volume":"532","author":"Itkin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-1971-z","article-title":"Live-animal imaging of native haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells","volume":"578","author":"Christodoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1104-8","article-title":"The bone marrow microenvironment at single-cell resolution","volume":"569","author":"Tikhonova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.04.040","article-title":"A cellular taxonomy of the bone marrow stroma in homeostasis and leukemia","volume":"177","author":"Baryawno","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-019-0439-6","article-title":"Combined single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal the molecular, cellular and spatial bone marrow niche organization","volume":"22","author":"Baccin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2020.06.013","article-title":"Cell-by-cell deconstruction of stem cell niches","volume":"27","author":"Tikhonova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-196803000-00009","article-title":"Heterotopic of bone marrow. Analysis of precursor cells for osteogenic and hematopoietic tissues","volume":"6","author":"Friedenstein","year":"1968","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1126\/science.161.3836.54","article-title":"Transplantation of marrow to extramedullary sites","volume":"161","author":"Tavassoli","year":"1968","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07547","article-title":"Endochondral ossification is required for haematopoietic stem-cell niche formation","volume":"457","author":"Chan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20091046","article-title":"Prospective identification, isolation, and systemic transplantation of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells in murine bone marrow","volume":"206","author":"Morikawa","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.125","article-title":"Isolation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells on the basis of expression of Sca-1 and PDGFR-alpha","volume":"7","author":"Houlihan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat Protoc."},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09262","article-title":"Mesenchymal and haematopoietic stem cells form a unique bone marrow niche","volume":"466","author":"Mendez-Ferrer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5281","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-01-315069","article-title":"Bone and the hematopoietic niche: a tale of two stem cells","volume":"117","author":"Bianco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.06.008","article-title":"Leptin-receptor-expressing mesenchymal stromal cells represent the main source of bone formed by adult bone marrow","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2016.02.015","article-title":"Leptin receptor promotes adipogenesis and reduces osteogenesis by regulating mesenchymal stromal cells in adult bone marrow","volume":"18","author":"Yue","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.06.031","article-title":"mapping distinct bone marrow niche populations and their differentiation paths","volume":"28","author":"Wolock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11885","article-title":"Haematopoietic stem cells and early lymphoid progenitors occupy distinct bone marrow niches","volume":"495","author":"Ding","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3475","article-title":"Differential cytokine contributions of perivascular haematopoietic stem cell niches","volume":"19","author":"Asada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2016.11.004","article-title":"Hematopoietic stem cell niches produce lineage-instructive signals to control multipotent progenitor differentiation","volume":"45","author":"Cordeiro Gomes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.06.015","article-title":"Regional localization within the bone marrow influences the functional capacity of human HSCs","volume":"13","author":"Guezguez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.106.035337","article-title":"Spatial distribution of blood vessels and CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells within the marrow cavities of human cancellous bone","volume":"48","author":"Watchman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Nucl Med."},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-08-451864","article-title":"Perivascular support of human hematopoietic stem\/progenitor cells","volume":"121","author":"Corselli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20122252","article-title":"PDGFRalpha and CD51 mark human nestin+ sphere-forming mesenchymal stem cells capable of hematopoietic progenitor cell expansion","volume":"210","author":"Pinho","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5067","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-08-304287","article-title":"CD146 expression on primary nonhematopoietic bone marrow stem cells is correlated with in situ localization","volume":"117","author":"Tormin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1941","article-title":"Prospectively isolated human bone marrow cell-derived MSCs support primitive human CD34-negative hematopoietic stem cells","volume":"33","author":"Matsuoka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Stem Cells."},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2017.07.003","article-title":"HSC niche biology and HSC expansion ex vivo","volume":"23","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1244-x","article-title":"Long-term ex vivo haematopoietic-stem-cell expansion allows nonconditioned transplantation","volume":"571","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3702","article-title":"Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to HOXA(+) hemogenic vasculature that resembles the aorta-gonad-mesonephros","volume":"34","author":"Ng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol."},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm.2016.127","article-title":"A view of human haematopoietic development from the Petri dish","volume":"18","author":"Ditadi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol."},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.134866","article-title":"Human haematopoietic stem cell development: from the embryo to the dish","volume":"144","author":"Ivanovs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22326","article-title":"Conversion of adult endothelium to immunocompetent haematopoietic stem cells","volume":"545","author":"Lis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22370","article-title":"Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"545","author":"Sugimura","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-019-0100-9","article-title":"Multiscale engineering of immune cells and lymphoid organs","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mater."},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30829","article-title":"Expansion of engrafting human hematopoietic stem\/progenitor cells in three-dimensional scaffolds with surface-immobilized fibronectin","volume":"78","author":"Feng","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biomed Mater Res A."},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2008.10.041","article-title":"In vitro analog of human bone marrow from 3D scaffolds with biomimetic inverted colloidal crystal geometry","volume":"30","author":"Nichols","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4625","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-04808-0","article-title":"3D models of the hematopoietic stem cell niche under steady-state and active conditions","volume":"7","author":"R\u00f6dling","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2017.0467","article-title":"Endosteal and perivascular subniches in a 3D bone marrow model for multiple myeloma","volume":"24","author":"Braham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part C Methods."},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6987","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.06.029","article-title":"Cord blood-hematopoietic stem cell expansion in 3D fibrin scaffolds with stromal support","volume":"33","author":"Ferreira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2013.10.038","article-title":"Biomimetic macroporous PEG hydrogels as 3D scaffolds for the multiplication of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells","volume":"35","author":"Raic","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2011.11.034","article-title":"3D co-culture of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and mesenchymal stem cells in collagen scaffolds as a model of the hematopoietic niche","volume":"33","author":"Leisten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E5688","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1805440115","article-title":"In vitro biomimetic engineering of a human hematopoietic niche with functional properties","volume":"115","author":"Bourgine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/term.2507","article-title":"Bone marrow-on-a-chip: Long-term culture of human haematopoietic stem cells in a three-dimensional microfluidic environment","volume":"12","author":"Sieber","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Tissue Eng Regen Med."},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0140506","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140506","article-title":"Three-dimensional microfluidic tri-culture model of the bone marrow microenvironment for study of acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"10","author":"Bruce","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS ONE."},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"394","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0495-z","article-title":"On-chip recapitulation of clinical bone marrow toxicities and patient-specific pathophysiology","volume":"4","author":"Chou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Biomed Eng."},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2938","article-title":"Bone marrow-on-a-chip replicates hematopoietic niche physiology in vitro","volume":"11","author":"Torisawa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Methods."},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3250","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-02-558007","article-title":"Investigating osteogenic differentiation in multiple myeloma using a novel 3D bone marrow niche model","volume":"124","author":"Reagan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-019-0308-3","article-title":"Engineering a haematopoietic stem cell niche by revitalizing mesenchymal stromal cells","volume":"21","author":"Nakahara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-032712-095921","article-title":"Human hemato-lymphoid system mice: current use and future potential for medicine","volume":"31","author":"Rongvaux","year":"2013","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2014.115212","article-title":"Humanized hemato-lymphoid system mice","volume":"101","author":"Theocharides","year":"2016","journal-title":"Haematologica."},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-13-46","article-title":"Regulation of in vitro human T cell development through interleukin-7 deprivation and anti-CD3 stimulation","volume":"13","author":"Patel","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Immunol."},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2017.04.008","article-title":"Genetically engineered mesenchymal stromal cells produce IL-3 and TPO to further improve human scaffold-based xenograft models","volume":"51","author":"Carretta","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Hematol."},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2054","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15937-y","article-title":"Engineered niches support the development of human dendritic cells in humanized mice","volume":"11","author":"Anselmi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1417","article-title":"Osteoclasts degrade endosteal components and promote mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells","volume":"12","author":"Kollet","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2778","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-05-353243","article-title":"Engraftment of human HSCs in nonirradiated newborn NOD-scid IL2rgamma null mice is enhanced by transgenic expression of membrane-bound human SCF","volume":"119","author":"Brehm","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2768","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-05-353201","article-title":"Membrane-bound human SCF\/KL promotes in vivo human hematopoietic engraftment and myeloid differentiation","volume":"119","author":"Takagi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7350","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.16.7350","article-title":"Support of human hematopoiesis in long-term bone marrow cultures by murine stromal cells selectively expressing the membrane-bound and secreted forms of the human homolog of the steel gene product, stem cell factor","volume":"89","author":"Toksoz","year":"1992","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.119665","article-title":"Injectable, scalable 3D tissue-engineered model of marrow hematopoiesis","volume":"232","author":"Tavakol","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomaterials."},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-197404000-00001","article-title":"Stromal cells responsible for transferring the microenvironment of the hemopoietic tissues","volume":"17","author":"Friedenstein","year":"1974"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199704270-00003","article-title":"Bone formation in vivo: comparison of osteogenesis by transplanted mouse and human marrow stromal fibroblasts","volume":"63","author":"Krebsbach","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transplantation."},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1997.12.9.1335","article-title":"Single-colony derived strains of human marrow stromal fibroblasts form bone after transplantation in vivo","volume":"12","author":"Kuznetsov","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-04-572255","article-title":"Epigenetic and in vivo comparison of diverse MSC sources reveals an endochondral signature for human hematopoietic niche formation","volume":"125","author":"Reinisch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.07.003","article-title":"A perivascular origin for mesenchymal stem cells in multiple human organs","volume":"3","author":"Crisan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1949","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2007.0348","article-title":"Creation of new bone by the percutaneous injection of human bone marrow stromal cell and HA\/TCP suspensions","volume":"14","author":"Mankani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part A."},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2010.0179","article-title":"Ectopic human mesenchymal stem cell-coated scaffolds in NOD\/SCID mice: an in vivo model of the leukemia niche","volume":"16","author":"Vaiselbuh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng Part C Methods."},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.01.006","article-title":"Hematopoiesis: a human perspective","volume":"10","author":"Doulatov","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.01.016","article-title":"Development of humanized ossicles: bridging the hematopoietic gap","volume":"26","author":"Dupard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med."},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20172139","article-title":"Modeling the human bone marrow niche in mice: From host bone marrow engraftment to bioengineering approaches","volume":"215","author":"Abarrategi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Exp Med."},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19638","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1208384109","article-title":"Implantable microenvironments to attract hematopoietic stem\/cancer cells","volume":"109","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4971","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-11-389957","article-title":"Human extramedullary bone marrow in mice: a novel in vivo model of genetically controlled hematopoietic microenvironment","volume":"119","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2691","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-06-511527","article-title":"Reciprocal leukemia-stroma VCAM-1\/VLA-4-dependent activation of NF-kappaB mediates chemoresistance","volume":"123","author":"Jacamo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4103","article-title":"A humanized bone marrow ossicle xenotransplantation model enables improved engraftment of healthy and leukemic human hematopoietic cells","volume":"22","author":"Reinisch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e9","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-03-414920","article-title":"Reconstructing the human hematopoietic niche in immunodeficient mice: opportunities for studying primary multiple myeloma","volume":"120","author":"Groen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2949","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-05-719021","article-title":"Establishing human leukemia xenograft mouse models by implanting human bone marrow-like scaffold-based niches","volume":"128","author":"Antonelli","year":"2016","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2064","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2016.108","article-title":"Modeling BCR-ABL and MLL-AF9 leukemia in a human bone marrow-like scaffold-based xenograft model","volume":"30","author":"Sontakke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"key":"B91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3997","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1220108110","article-title":"Engineering of a functional bone organ through endochondral ossification","volume":"110","author":"Scotti","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2018.01.004","article-title":"Engineered humanized bone organs maintain human hematopoiesis in vivo","volume":"61","author":"Fritsch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp Hematol"},{"key":"B93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scr.2014.01.006","article-title":"Establishment of bone marrow and hematopoietic niches in vivo by reversion of chondrocyte differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells","volume":"12","author":"Serafini","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res."},{"key":"B94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.142836","article-title":"Human umbilical cord blood-borne fibroblasts contain marrow niche precursors that form a bone\/marrow organoid in vivo","volume":"144","author":"Pievani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"B95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2015.04.057","article-title":"Tissue engineered humanized bone supports human hematopoiesis in vivo","volume":"61","author":"Holzapfel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"B96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI89364","article-title":"Versatile humanized niche model enables study of normal and malignant human hematopoiesis","volume":"127","author":"Abarrategi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2015-0256","article-title":"Generation of a bone organ by human adipose-derived stromal cells through endochondral ossification","volume":"5","author":"Osinga","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med."},{"key":"B98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1665","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000161459.90856.AB","article-title":"Tissue-engineered bone from BMP-2-transduced stem cells derived from human fat","volume":"115","author":"Dragoo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg."},{"key":"B99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-7254.2007.00583.x","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo induction of bone formation based on adeno-associated virus-mediated BMP-7 gene therapy using human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"28","author":"Kang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin."},{"key":"B100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.05.011","article-title":"No identical \u201cmesenchymal stem cells\u201d at different times and sites: human committed progenitors of distinct origin and differentiation potential are incorporated as adventitial cells in microvessels","volume":"6","author":"Sacchetti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"B101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-11-570218","article-title":"Xenograft models for normal and malignant stem cells","volume":"125","author":"Goyama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-020-03920-y","article-title":"TP53 mutated AML subclones exhibit engraftment in a humanized bone marrow ossicle mouse model","volume":"99","author":"Pabst","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Hematol."},{"key":"B103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e90036","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.90036","article-title":"AML-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stromal cells supports leukemia growth","volume":"2","author":"Battula","year":"2017","journal-title":"JCI Insight."},{"key":"B104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3038","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI133187","article-title":"Mesenchymal niche remodeling impairs hematopoiesis via stanniocalcin 1 in acute myeloid leukemia","volume":"130","author":"Waclawiczek","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Invest."},{"key":"B105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2020.247205","article-title":"Acute myeloid leukemia shapes the bone marrow stromal niche in vivo","author":"Pievani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"B106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1998.0158","article-title":"Thymic microenvironments, 3-D versus 2-D?","volume":"11","author":"van Ewijk","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"B107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.09.008","article-title":"T cell genesis: in vitro veritas est?","volume":"37","author":"Brauer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00316","article-title":"The effect of age on thymic function","volume":"4","author":"Palmer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"key":"B109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e62","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.0020062","article-title":"The thymus is a common target organ in infectious diseases","volume":"2","author":"Savino","year":"2006","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"B110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1007\/s40778-016-0040-x","article-title":"Restoration of thymus function with bioengineered thymus organoids","volume":"2","author":"Tajima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"B111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2425","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-3977","article-title":"Extrathymic generation of tumor-specific T cells from genetically engineered human hematopoietic stem cells via Notch signaling","volume":"67","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"B112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2013.8","article-title":"Allelic exclusion and peripheral reconstitution by TCR transgenic T cells arising from transduced human hematopoietic stem\/progenitor cells","volume":"21","author":"Giannoni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Ther."},{"key":"B113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2013.285","article-title":"In vitro generation of mature, naive antigen-specific CD8(+) T cells with a single T-cell receptor by agonist selection","volume":"28","author":"Snauwaert","year":"2014","journal-title":"Leukemia."},{"key":"B114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2678","article-title":"Generation of tumor-targeted human T lymphocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells for cancer therapy","volume":"31","author":"Themeli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol."},{"key":"B115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2018.12.001","article-title":"From pluripotent stem cells to T cells","volume":"71","author":"Montel-Hagen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Hematol."},{"key":"B116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2018.12.011","article-title":"Organoid-induced differentiation of conventional T cells from human pluripotent stem cells","volume":"24","author":"Montel-Hagen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1070945","article-title":"Dynamics of thymocyte-stromal cell interactions visualized by two-photon microscopy","volume":"296","author":"Bousso","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2006.01.008","article-title":"Dynamics of thymus-colonizing cells during human development","volume":"24","author":"Haddad","year":"2006","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.087320","article-title":"Dynamics of thymus organogenesis and colonization in early human development","volume":"140","author":"Farley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Development."},{"key":"B120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1203","article-title":"Recruitment of adult thymic progenitors is regulated by P-selectin and its ligand PSGL-1","volume":"6","author":"Rossi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7517","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1016428108","article-title":"Three chemokine receptors cooperatively regulate homing of hematopoietic progenitors to the embryonic mouse thymus","volume":"108","author":"Calder\u00f3n","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2011.01008.x","article-title":"Control of central and peripheral tolerance by Aire","volume":"241","author":"Metzger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8938-6_10","article-title":"Disassembling and reaggregating the thymus: the pros and cons of current assays","volume":"1899","author":"Piccinini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol."},{"key":"B124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0029(19970801)38:3<276::AID-JEMT8>3.0.CO","article-title":"Thymic epithelial cell culture","volume":"38","author":"R\u00f6pke","year":"1997","journal-title":"Microsc Res Tech."},{"key":"B125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1756","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2009.01.015","article-title":"Notch activation in thymic epithelial cells induces development of thymic microenvironments","volume":"46","author":"Masuda","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Immunol."},{"key":"B126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16613","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1004623107","article-title":"Thymopoiesis in mice depends on a Foxn1-positive thymic epithelial cell lineage","volume":"107","author":"Corbeaux","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00474-0","article-title":"Induction of T cell development from hematopoietic progenitor cells by delta-like-1 in vitro","volume":"17","author":"Schmitt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-04-1293","article-title":"Induction of T-cell development from human cord blood hematopoietic stem cells by Delta-like 1 in vitro","volume":"105","author":"La","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10778","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.22.10778","article-title":"Human bone marrow and umbilical cord blood cells generate CD4+ and CD8+ single-positive T cells in murine fetal thymus organ culture","volume":"90","author":"Yeoman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"B130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1038\/77288","article-title":"Efficient generation of human T cells from a tissue-engineered thymic organoid","volume":"18","author":"Poznansky","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol."},{"key":"B131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1093933","article-title":"Development of a human adaptive immune system in cord blood cell-transplanted mice","volume":"304","author":"Traggiai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-02-0516","article-title":"Development of functional human blood and immune systems in NOD\/SCID\/IL2 receptor {gamma} chain(null) mice","volume":"106","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood."},{"key":"B133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2008.03753.x","article-title":"Non-obese diabetic-recombination activating gene-1 (NOD-Rag1 null) interleukin (IL)-2 receptor common gamma chain (IL2r gamma null) null mice: a radioresistant model for human lymphohaematopoietic engraftment","volume":"154","author":"Pearson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol."},{"key":"B134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1731","article-title":"Engineering the human thymic microenvironment to support thymopoiesis in vivo","volume":"32","author":"Chung","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"B135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2013.04.004","article-title":"Generation of functional thymic epithelium from human embryonic stem cells that supports host T cell development","volume":"13","author":"Parent","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1431","article-title":"Humanized mice mount specific adaptive and innate immune responses to EBV and TSST-1","volume":"12","author":"Melkus","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"key":"B137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-75647-7_10","article-title":"Functional and phenotypic characterization of the humanized BLT mouse model","volume":"324","author":"Wege","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol Immunol."},{"key":"B138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125ra130","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003481","article-title":"A model for personalized in vivo analysis of human immune responsiveness","volume":"4","author":"Kalscheuer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med."},{"key":"B139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4237","article-title":"Generation of mature T cells from human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in artificial thymic organoids","volume":"14","author":"Seet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Methods."},{"key":"B140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1006\/smim.1998.0151","article-title":"In vitro models of T cell development","volume":"11","author":"Hare","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin Immunol."},{"key":"B141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pdb","DOI":"10.1101\/pdb.prot4808","article-title":"Fetal thymus organ culture","volume":"2007","author":"Anderson","year":"2007","journal-title":"CSH Protoc."},{"key":"B142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaay3224","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aay3224","article-title":"A cell atlas of human thymic development defines T cell repertoire formation","volume":"367","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"B143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-019-0238-0","article-title":"Thymic epithelial cell heterogeneity: TEC by TEC","volume":"20","author":"Kadouri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol."},{"key":"B144","first-page":"979","article-title":"Involvement of the c-kit receptor in the adhesion of hematopoietic stem cells to stromal cells","volume":"22","author":"Kodama","year":"1994","journal-title":"Exp Hematol."},{"key":"B145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1055","article-title":"Induction of T cell development and establishment of T cell competence from embryonic stem cells differentiated in vitro","volume":"5","author":"Schmitt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"key":"B146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e497","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2008.03013.x","article-title":"Diverse T-cell differentiation potentials of human fetal thymus, fetal liver, cord blood and adult bone marrow CD34 cells on lentiviral Delta-like-1-modified mouse stromal cells","volume":"128","author":"Patel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Immunology."},{"key":"B147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.176.2.730","article-title":"Three-dimensional architecture of the thymus is required to maintain delta-like expression necessary for inducing T cell development","volume":"176","author":"Mohtashami","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol."},{"key":"B148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.04.006","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing of lymph node stromal cells reveals niche-associated heterogeneity","volume":"48","author":"Rodda","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunity."},{"key":"B149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09728-3","article-title":"Origin and differentiation trajectories of fibroblastic reticular cells in the splenic white pulp","volume":"10","author":"Cheng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2019.06.003","article-title":"Stress-induced changes in bone marrow stromal cell populations revealed through single-cell protein expression mapping","volume":"25","author":"Severe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell."},{"key":"B151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E6","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1394-x","article-title":"Author Correction: the bone marrow microenvironment at single-cell resolution","volume":"572","author":"Tikhonova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"B152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-019-0447-6","article-title":"Unraveling bone marrow architecture","volume":"22","author":"Lucas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Cell Biol."},{"key":"B153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13095","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms13095","article-title":"Identification of a common mesenchymal stromal progenitor for the adult haematopoietic niche","volume":"7","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Commun."},{"key":"B154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2017.01.004","article-title":"Regulation of inflammation- and infection-driven hematopoiesis","volume":"38","author":"Boettcher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"B155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12414","article-title":"Dendritic cells in remodeling of lymph nodes during immune responses","volume":"271","author":"Acton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immunol Rev."},{"key":"B156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2016.08.013","article-title":"Regulation of lymph node vascular-stromal compartment by dendritic cells","volume":"37","author":"Dasoveanu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.631279\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T09:37:20Z","timestamp":1615801040000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.631279\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"references-count":156,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2021.631279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.631279","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]]},"article-number":"631279"}}