{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:48:57Z","timestamp":1792601337084,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010096","name":"Southern Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C1034211"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C1034211"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010096","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>We identified abnormally methylated, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathogenic mechanisms in different immune cells of RA and SLE by comprehensive bioinformatics analysis. Six microarray data sets of each immune cell (CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells, CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells and CD14<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> monocytes) were integrated to screen DEGs and differentially methylated genes by using R package \u201climma.\u201d Gene ontology annotations and KEGG analysis of aberrant methylome of DEGs were done using DAVID online database. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was generated to detect the hub genes and their methylation levels were compared using DiseaseMeth 2.0 database. Aberrantly methylated DEGs in CD19<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> B cells (173 and 180), CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells (184 and 417) and CD14<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> monocytes (193 and 392) of RA and SLE patients were identified. We detected 30 hub genes in different immune cells of RA and SLE and confirmed their expression using FACS sorted immune cells by qPCR. Among them, 12 genes (BPTF, PHC2, JUN, KRAS, PTEN, FGFR2, ALB, SERB-1, SKP2, TUBA1A, IMP3, and SMAD4) of RA and 12 genes (OAS1, RSAD2, OASL, IFIT3, OAS2, IFIH1, CENPE, TOP2A, PBK, KIF11, IFIT1, and ISG15) of SLE are proposed as potential biomarker genes based on receiver operating curve analysis. Our study suggests that MAPK signaling pathway could potentially differentiate the mechanisms affecting T- and B- cells in RA, whereas PI3K pathway may be used for exploring common disease pathways between RA and SLE. Compared to individual data analyses, more dependable and precise filtering of results can be achieved by integrating several relevant data sets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.668007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T06:02:20Z","timestamp":1621231340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Comparative Analysis on Abnormal Methylome of Differentially Expressed Genes and Disease Pathways in the Immune Cells of RA and SLE"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Qinghua","family":"Fang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingyue","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiya","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuzhe","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kutty Selva","family":"Nandakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2015.10.003","article-title":"Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Unraveling the Conundrum","volume":"65","author":"Zampeli","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3830212","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3830212","article-title":"Molecular and Cellular Pathways Contributing to Joint Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"2020","author":"Fang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11568-008-9017-x","article-title":"Peripheral Blood Gene Expression Profiling for Cardiovascular Disease Assessment","volume":"1","author":"Aziz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genomic Med"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2010.12.004","article-title":"Gene Expression Profiles in Peripheral Blood for the Diagnosis of Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"17","author":"Mesko","year":"2011","journal-title":"Trends Mol Med"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38947","article-title":"Modular Analysis of Peripheral Blood Gene Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis Captures Reproducible Gene Expression Changes in Tumor Necrosis Factor Responders","volume":"67","author":"Oswald","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-73","article-title":"How do Autoimmune Diseases Cluster in Families? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Cardenas-Roldan","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2013.01.008","article-title":"Genetic Susceptibility to SLE: Recent Progress From GWAS","volume":"41","author":"Cui","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.237","article-title":"Genetics and Epigenetics of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Viatte","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.137174","article-title":"Study of the Common Genetic Background for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"70","author":"Orozco","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209436","article-title":"A Combined Large-Scale Meta-Analysis Identifies COG6 as a Novel Shared Risk Locus for Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"76","author":"Marquez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2011.150326","article-title":"Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Myositis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Scleroderma Share Activation of a Common Type I Interferon Pathway","volume":"70","author":"Higgs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.148.7.1633","article-title":"\u2018Rhupus\u2019 Syndrome","volume":"148","author":"Panush","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002406","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1002406","article-title":"A Comprehensive Analysis of Shared Loci Between Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Sixteen Autoimmune Diseases Reveals Limited Genetic Overlap","volume":"7","author":"Ramos","year":"2011","journal-title":"PloS Genet"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24748","article-title":"Rheumatoid Arthritis Does Not Share Most of the Newly Identified Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Genetic Factors","volume":"60","author":"Suarez-Gestal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/gm305","article-title":"Emerging Patterns of Genetic Overlap Across Autoimmune Disorders","volume":"4","author":"Richard-Miceli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19030677","article-title":"Targeting IgG in Arthritis: Disease Pathways and Therapeutic Avenues","author":"Nandakumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01606","article-title":"Expression and Function of Tetraspanins and Their Interacting Partners in B Cells","volume":"9","author":"Zou","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2019.09.004","article-title":"B Cell Targeted Therapies in Autoimmune Disease","volume":"61","author":"Barnas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Immunol"},{"key":"B19","article-title":"One Year in Review: The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"33","author":"Picerno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.12.004","article-title":"Th17 and Regulatory T Cell Balance in Autoimmune and Inflammatory Diseases","volume":"13","author":"Noack","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2015.00610","article-title":"Disturbed T Cell Signaling and Altered Th17 and Regulatory T Cell Subsets in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"6","author":"Rother","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2008.07.041","article-title":"Metabolic Control of T Cell Activation and Death in SLE","volume":"8","author":"Fernandez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-012-0307-y","article-title":"Cellular Targeting in Autoimmunity","volume":"12","author":"Rogers","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1475435","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1475435","article-title":"Monocyte Heterogeneity: Consequences for Monocyte-Derived Immune Cells","volume":"2016","author":"Sprangers","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2011.00052","article-title":"Macrophages in Synovial Inflammation","volume":"2","author":"Kennedy","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1004965","article-title":"The Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"365","author":"McInnes","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2016.91","article-title":"Macrophage Heterogeneity in the Context of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Udalova","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17950","article-title":"Noncanonical Autophagy Inhibits the Autoinflammatory, Lupus-Like Response to Dying Cells","volume":"533","author":"Martinez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intimm\/dxz036","article-title":"Monocyte Subsets Involved in the Development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"31","author":"Hirose","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int Immunol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-020-0470-9","article-title":"Clinical Value of DNA Methylation Markers in Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases","volume":"16","author":"Ballestar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40408","article-title":"Hypomethylation of CYP2E1 and DUSP22 Promoters Associated With Disease Activity and Erosive Disease Among Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients","volume":"70","author":"Mok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e219698","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219698","article-title":"Analysis of Gene Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Conditions Offers Insights Into Sex-Bias, Gene Biotypes and Co-Expression Patterns","volume":"14","author":"Platzer","year":"2019","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv007","article-title":"Limma Powers Differential Expression Analyses for RNA-sequencing and Microarray Studies","volume":"43","author":"Ritchie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx372","article-title":"Pathview Web: User Friendly Pathway Visualization and Data Integration","volume":"45","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-09234-6","article-title":"Metascape Provides a Biologist-Oriented Resource for the Analysis of Systems-Level Datasets","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1123","article-title":"DiseaseMeth Version 2.0: A Major Expansion and Update of the Human Disease Methylation Database","volume":"45","author":"Xiong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-77","article-title":"pROC: An Open-Source Package for R and S+ to Analyze and Compare ROC Curves","volume":"12","author":"Robin","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Bioinf"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302","article-title":"The American Rheumatism Association 1987 Revised Criteria for the Classification of Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"31","author":"Arnett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2019-216222","article-title":"New 2019 SLE EULAR\/ACR Classification Criteria are Valuable for Distinguishing Patients With SLE From Patients With pSS","volume":"78","author":"Assan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.56.7.481","article-title":"Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"56","author":"Mok","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0505018102","article-title":"Vitamin A and Immune Function: Retinoic Acid Modulates Population Dynamics in Antigen Receptor and CD38-stimulated Splenic B Cells","volume":"102","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20042321","article-title":"Impaired Early B Cell Tolerance in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"201","author":"Samuels","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681678","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/681678","article-title":"B Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis: From Pathogenic Players to Disease Biomarkers","volume":"2014","author":"Bugatti","year":"2014","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-006-0260-z","article-title":"Could 2\u20195\u2019-Oligoadenylate Synthetase Isoforms be Biomarkers to Differentiate Between Disease Flare and Infection in Lupus Patients? A Pilot Study","volume":"26","author":"Ye","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R112","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2771","article-title":"Type I Interferon Receptor Controls B-cell Expression of Nucleic Acid-Sensing Toll-like Receptors and Autoantibody Production in a Murine Model of Lupus","volume":"11","author":"Thibault","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2412","article-title":"T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"10","author":"Cope","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"B47","first-page":"22","article-title":"An Immunohistological Analysis of Lymphocyte Subpopulations and Their Microenvironment in the Synovial Membranes of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Monoclonal Antibodies","volume":"49","author":"Duke","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2009.228","article-title":"Monocytes in Atherosclerosis: Subsets and Functions","volume":"7","author":"Woollard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2018.10.016","article-title":"Monocytes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Circulating Precursors of Macrophages and Osteoclasts and, Their Heterogeneity and Plasticity Role in RA Pathogenesis","volume":"65","author":"Rana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12521","article-title":"Impaired Akt Phosphorylation in Monocytes of Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"85","author":"Kuuliala","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Immunol"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem297","article-title":"Mapks and Their Relevance to Arthritis and Inflammation","volume":"47","author":"Thalhamer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatol (Oxford)"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00799","article-title":"Increased Risk of Thyroid Dysfunction Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3551","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003551","article-title":"Association of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Hepatitis B Infection: A Nationwide Nested Case-Control Study From 1999 to 2009 in Taiwan","volume":"95","author":"Hsu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med (Baltimore)"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2020.102468","article-title":"Estrogen, Estrogen-Like Molecules and Autoimmune Diseases","volume":"19","author":"Merrheim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2007.074278","article-title":"The p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway in Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"67","author":"Schett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.12.7.795","article-title":"MAPK Phosphatases as Novel Targets for Rheumatoid Arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Ralph","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Opin Ther Targets"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-019-00229-3","article-title":"Immunological Pathogenesis and Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"16","author":"Pan","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2015.05.017","article-title":"PI3K Inhibitors in Inflammation, Autoimmunity and Cancer","volume":"23","author":"Stark","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pharmacol"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1600642","article-title":"Bptf Is Essential for T Cell Homeostasis and Function","volume":"197","author":"Wu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.5302","article-title":"BPTF Promotes Tumor Growth and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinomas","volume":"6","author":"Dai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14045","article-title":"Inhibition of miR-148a-3p Resists Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progress of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Through Suppressing c-Jun and MAPK Pathway","volume":"23","author":"Deng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34617","DOI":"10.1038\/srep34617","article-title":"PTEN Ameliorates Autoimmune Arthritis Through Down-Regulating STAT3 Activation With Reciprocal Balance of Th17 and Tregs","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402511","article-title":"Loss of Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog in APCs Impedes Th17-Mediated Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis","volume":"195","author":"Sahin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26890","article-title":"Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Tyrosine Kinase Fusions Define a Unique Molecular Subtype of Cholangiocarcinoma","volume":"59","author":"Arai","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.2945","article-title":"SKP2 Cooperates With N-Ras or AKT to Induce Liver Tumor Development in Mice","volume":"6","author":"Delogu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.178012","article-title":"Insulin Growth Factor-2 Binding Protein 3 (IGF2BP3) is a Glioblastoma-Specific Marker That Activates Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase\/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (PI3K\/MAPK) Pathways by Modulating IGF-2","volume":"286","author":"Suvasini","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"B67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-09-3269","article-title":"Smad4 Inactivation Promotes Malignancy and Drug Resistance of Colon Cancer","volume":"71","author":"Papageorgis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"B68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jsre.2000.5928","article-title":"Immune Suppression in Polymicrobial Sepsis: Differential Regulation of Th1 and Th2 Responses by p38 Mapk","volume":"91","author":"Song","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"B69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-018-1097-5","article-title":"Azithromycin Promotes Alternatively Activated Macrophage Phenotype in Systematic Lupus Erythematosus via PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis"},{"key":"B70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22044","article-title":"Association of Increased Interferon-Inducible Gene Expression With Disease Activity and Lupus Nephritis in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"54","author":"Feng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e156234","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156234","article-title":"Common Marker Genes Identified From Various Sample Types for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"11","author":"Bing","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"B72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26296","article-title":"JAK3 and PI3K Mediate Bovine Interferon-tau Stimulated Gene Expression in the Blood Neutrophils","volume":"233","author":"Sheikh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"B73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2018.09.007","article-title":"Epigenome-wide Association Study of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Identifying DNA Methylation Signatures Associated With Interferon-Related Genes Based on Ethnicity and SLEDAI","volume":"96","author":"Joseph","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40576","article-title":"Association of Abnormal Elevations in IFIT3 With Overactive Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase\/Stimulator of Interferon Genes Signaling in Human Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Monocytes","volume":"70","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"B75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41388-018-0662-9","article-title":"IFIT1 and IFIT3 Promote Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastasis and Contribute to the Anti-Tumor Effect of Gefitinib via enhancing p-EGFR recycling","volume":"38","author":"Pidugu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"B76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S240577","article-title":"TOP2A Promotes Cell Migration, Invasion and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cervical Cancer via Activating the PI3K\/AKT Signaling","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Manag Res"},{"key":"B77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12492","article-title":"Death Receptor 6 Promotes Ovarian Cancer Cell Migration Through KIF11","volume":"8","author":"Shi","year":"2018","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"key":"B78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/cmi.2015.61","article-title":"Ligation of CD180 Inhibits IFN-alpha Signaling in a Lyn-PI3K-BTK-dependent Manner in B Cells","volume":"14","author":"You","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Mol Immunol"},{"key":"B79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18308-8","article-title":"A Central Role for PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway in Linking SAMHD1-deficiency to the Type I Interferon Signature","volume":"8","author":"Oh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"B80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10234","article-title":"Demethylation of ITGAL (CD11a) Regulatory Sequences in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"46","author":"Lu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20255","article-title":"Overexpression of CD70 and Overstimulation of IgG Synthesis by Lupus T Cells and T Cells Treated With DNA Methylation Inhibitors","volume":"50","author":"Oelke","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"B82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.9.6352","article-title":"Demethylation of CD40LG on the Inactive X in T Cells From Women With Lupus","volume":"179","author":"Lu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1909687116","article-title":"TNF Receptor 2 Signaling Prevents DNA Methylation at the Foxp3 Promoter and Prevents Pathogenic Conversion of Regulatory T Cells","volume":"116","author":"Tseng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"B84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2010.02.002","article-title":"Epigenetics and SLE: RFX1 Downregulation Causes CD11a and CD70 Overexpression by Altering Epigenetic Modifications in Lupus CD4+ T Cells","volume":"35","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Autoimmun"},{"key":"B85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-016-0294-2","article-title":"Increased Set1 Binding at the Promoter Induces Aberrant Epigenetic Alterations and Up-Regulates Cyclic Adenosine 5\u2019-Monophosphate Response Element Modulator Alpha in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Epigenet"},{"key":"B86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddx177","article-title":"Epigenome-wide Association Study of Rheumatoid Arthritis Identifies Differentially Methylated Loci in B Cells","volume":"26","author":"Julia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"B87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003678","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003678","article-title":"Genome-wide DNA Methylation Analysis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Reveals Persistent Hypomethylation of Interferon Genes and Compositional Changes to CD4+ T-Cell Populations","volume":"9","author":"Absher","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS Genet"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.668007\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T06:02:25Z","timestamp":1621231345000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.668007\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"references-count":87,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2021.668007"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.668007","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"article-number":"668007"}}