{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T15:56:04Z","timestamp":1753890964611,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>A convalescent, non-severe, patient with COVID-19 was enrolled as a hyper-immune plasma voluntary donor by the Immuno-Hematology and Transfusion Unit of the Regina Elena National Cancer Institute in Rome, under the TSUNAMI national study criteria. During a nearly 6-month period (May\u2013October 2020), the patient was closely monitored and underwent four hyperimmune plasma collections. Serum SARS-CoV-2 (anti-S + anti-N) IgG and IgM, anti-S1 IgA, and neutralizing titers (NTs) were measured. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels steadily decreased. No correlation was found between anti-S\/anti-N IgG and IgM levels and viral NT, measured by either a microneutralization test or the surrogate RBD\/ACE2-binding inhibition test. Conversely, NTs directly correlated with anti-S1 IgA levels. Hyperimmune donor plasma, administered to five SARS-CoV-2 patients with persistent, severe COVID-19 symptoms, induced short-term clinical and pathological improvement. Reported data suggest that high NTs can persist longer than expected, thus widening hyperimmune plasma source, availability, and potential use. <jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic> RBD\/ACE2-binding inhibition test is confirmed as a convenient surrogate index for neutralizing activity and patients\u2019 follow-up, suitable for clinical settings where biosafety level 3 facilities are not available. IgA levels may correlate with serum neutralizing activity and represent a further independent index for patient evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.690322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T11:47:42Z","timestamp":1629719262000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Long-Term Persistence and Relevant Therapeutic Impact of High-Titer Viral-Neutralizing Antibody in a Convalescent COVID-19 Plasma Super-Donor: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mafalda","family":"De Rienzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria 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