{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T02:14:48Z","timestamp":1793412888606,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]],"date-time":"2021-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633996800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/14115-0, 2016\/20045-7, 2020\/06409-1, 2010\/50025-1, 2012\/15165-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/14115-0, 2016\/20045-7, 2020\/06409-1, 2010\/50025-1, 2012\/15165-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a trigger factor for the development of immunosenescence and negatively impacts the immune response to influenza virus vaccination (IVV) in older adults. However, the role of physical exercise training in this context is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the regular practice of combined exercise training can improve the specific antibody response to IVV in CMV-seropositive older adults. Eighty older adults were distributed into two groups\u2014non-practitioners (NP, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 31, age = 74.06 \u00b1 6.4 years) and practitioners of combined exercise training (CET, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 49, age = 71.7 \u00b1 5.8 years)\u2014for at least 12 months. Both volunteer groups were submitted to IVV and blood samples were collected before (pre) and 30 days after (post) the vaccination. Concerning the specific antibody response to IVV, higher serum levels of specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) were found in the CET group post- than pre-vaccination (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01), whereas higher levels of specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) were observed both in the NP (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) and CET (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001) groups post-vaccination as compared to the pre-vaccination values. Serum levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) for IVV and CMV, as well as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-10, were similar between the time points evaluated. However, the IL-10\/IL-6 ratio post-vaccination was higher (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) in the CET group than that before vaccination. Negative correlations were observed between the specific IgG levels for IVV and CMV only in the CET group, both pre- and post-vaccination. In addition, negative correlations were found between IL-10 and specific IgG for CMV in all volunteer groups pre- and post-vaccination, whereas a positive correlation between IL-10 and specific-IgG for IVV pre- and post-vaccination was observed in the CET group. In addition, with the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay, it was found that 32.2% of the NP group and 32.6% of the CET group were responders to IVV and displayed reductions in the CMV serostatus (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05 and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001, respectively) and increases in naive and effector CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells post-vaccination (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.01). However, only the responders from the CET group showed significant reductions in the ratio of effector to naive CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.05) and increased IL-10 levels post-vaccination (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &amp;lt; 0.001). In summary, this study demonstrates that the improvement in the response to IVV in CMV-seropositive older adults was related to an anti-inflammatory status and enhancement of naive CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, particularly associated with regular practice of CET.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.713763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T17:57:09Z","timestamp":1634147829000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Better Response to Influenza Virus Vaccination in Physically Trained Older Adults Is Associated With Reductions of Cytomegalovirus-Specific Immunoglobulins as Well as Improvements in the Inflammatory and CD8+ T-Cell Profiles"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Eduardo S.","family":"Felismino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana M. B.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos A. F.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edison L.","family":"Durigon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle B. L.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luciano M.","family":"Thomazelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernanda R.","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriane","family":"Sperandio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana S.","family":"Apost\u00f3lico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina N.","family":"Fran\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonatas B.","family":"Amaral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gislene R.","family":"Amirato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodolfo P.","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Vaisberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 L. L.","family":"Bachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13485","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13485","article-title":"Sustaining Efficient Immune Functions With Regular Physical Exercise in the COVID-19 Era and Beyond","volume":"51","author":"Furtado","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu647","article-title":"Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in the United States During 2012-2013: Variable Protection by Age and Virus Type","volume":"211","author":"McLean","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2005.09.008","article-title":"Aging of the Immune System: A Risk Factor for Autoimmunity","volume":"5","author":"Prelog","year":"2006","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rinim.2013.01.001","article-title":"Increased Production of Autoantibodies and Specific Antibodies in Response to Influenza Virus Vaccination in Physically Active Older Individuals","volume":"3","author":"Bachi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Results Immunol"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06651.x","article-title":"Inflamm-Aging: An Evolutionary Perspective on Immunosenescence","volume":"908","author":"Franceschi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann New York Acad Sci"},{"key":"B6","first-page":"1960","article-title":"Cytomegaloviruses","volume-title":"Fields Virology","author":"Mocarski","year":"2013"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281ra43","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa2293","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus Infection Enhances the Immune Response to Influenza","volume":"7","author":"Furman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53250.x","article-title":"Chronic Cytomegalovirus Infection and Inflammation are Associated With Prevalent Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Women","volume":"53","author":"Schmaltz","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000053965","article-title":"Human Cytomegalovirus Reactivation in Bone-Marrow-Derived Granulocyte\/Monocyte Progenitor Cells and Mature Monocytes","volume":"42","author":"Pr\u00f6sch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000053966","article-title":"Human Cytomegalovirus Latency and Reactivation - a Delicate Balance Between the Virus and its Host's Immune System","volume":"42","author":"S\u00f6derberg-Naucl\u00e9r","year":"1999","journal-title":"Intervirology"},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv121","article-title":"Monocyte Phenotype and Polyfunctionality Are Associated With Elevated Soluble Inflammatory Markers, Cytomegalovirus Infection, and Functional and Cognitive Decline in Elderly Adults","volume":"71","author":"de Pablo-Bernal","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00309-8","article-title":"Association Between Cytomegalovirus Infection, Enhanced Proinflammatory Response and Low Level of Anti-Hemagglutinins During the Anti-Influenza Vaccination\u2013an Impact of Immunosenescence","volume":"21","author":"Trzonkowski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1105413","article-title":"Aging, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Influenza Vaccine Responses","volume":"12","author":"Frasca","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2006.10.019","article-title":"Healthy Aging and Latent Infection With CMV Lead to Distinct Changes in CD8+ and CD4+ T-Cell Subsets in the Elderly","volume":"68","author":"Weinberger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.6.3675-3683.2005","article-title":"Long-Term Cytomegalovirus Infection Leads to Significant Changes in the Composition of the CD8+ T-Cell Repertoire, Which may be the Basis for an Imbalance in the Cytokine Production Profile in Elderly Persons","volume":"79","author":"Almanzar","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0402-379","article-title":"Memory CD8+ T Cells Vary in Differentiation Phenotype in Different Persistent Virus Infections","volume":"8","author":"Appay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clim.1998.4638","article-title":"Role of Cytomegalovirus in the T Cell Changes Seen in Elderly Individuals","volume":"90","author":"Looney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.170.8.4342","article-title":"Frequencies of Circulating Cytolytic, CD45RA+CD27-, CD8+ T Lymphocytes Depend on Infection With CMV","volume":"170","author":"Kuijpers","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.4.1984","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus Seropositivity Drives the CD8 T Cell Repertoire Toward Greater Clonality in Healthy Elderly Individuals","volume":"169","author":"Khan","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.175.12.8218","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-Specific CD4+ T Cells in Healthy Carriers are Continuously Driven to Replicative Exhaustion","volume":"175","author":"Fletcher","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2019.19.e37","article-title":"Aging and the Immune System: The Impact of Immunosenescence on Viral Infection, Immunity and Vaccine Immunogenicity","volume":"19","author":"Oh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immune Netw"},{"key":"B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines8040685","article-title":"Combined Exercise Training and L-Glutamine Supplementation Enhances Both Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses After Influenza Virus Vaccination in Elderly Subjects","volume":"8","author":"Monteiro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9020107","article-title":"Elderly Subjects Supplemented With L-Glutamine Shows an Improvement of Mucosal Immunity in the Upper Airways in Response to Influenza Virus Vaccination","volume":"9","author":"Paix\u00e3o","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"B24","article-title":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects","volume":"81","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Am Coll Dent"},{"key":"B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","article-title":"International Physical Activity Questionnaire: 12-Country Reliability and Validity","volume":"35","author":"Craig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-86922007000100004","article-title":"Reprodutibilidade E Validade do Question\u00e1rio Internacional De Atividade F\u00edsica (IPAQ) Em Homens Idosos","volume":"13","author":"Benedetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Bras Medicina do Esporte"},{"key":"B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6469213","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6469213","article-title":"Combined Exercise Training Performed by Elderly Women Reduces Redox Indexes and Proinflammatory Cytokines Related to Atherogenesis","volume":"2019","author":"Bachi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-019-00602-z","article-title":"Effect of Latent Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Antibody Response to Influenza Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"208","author":"van den Berg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.598","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus and Human Immunosenescence","volume":"19","author":"Pawelec","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Med Virol"},{"key":"B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.1143","article-title":"Stimulation of the Human Cytomegalovirus IE Enhancer\/Promoter in HL-60 Cells by TNFalpha is Mediated via Induction of NF-Kappab","volume":"208","author":"Pr\u00f6sch","year":"1995","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199609150-00020","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus Modulates Interleukin-6 Gene Expression","volume":"62","author":"Geist","year":"1996","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4933-10-33","article-title":"Seropositivity for CMV and IL-6 Levels are Associated With Grip Strength and Muscle Size in the Elderly","volume":"10","author":"Kilgour","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immun Ageing"},{"key":"B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.16.25.19896-en","article-title":"Seroprevalence to Cytomegalovirus in the Portuguese Population, 2002-2003","volume":"16","author":"Lopo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/508173","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Cytomegalovirus Infection in the United States, 1988-1994","volume":"43","author":"Staras","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12979-015-0056-6","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus Viral Load Within Blood Increases Markedly in Healthy People Over the Age of 70 Years","volume":"13","author":"Parry","year":"2016","journal-title":"Immun Ageing"},{"key":"B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.11.041","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus-Associated Accumulation of Late-Differentiated CD4 T-Cells Correlates With Poor Humoral Response to Influenza Vaccination","volume":"31","author":"Derhovanessian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.01.071","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Seropositivity Decreases B Cell Responses to the Influenza Vaccine","volume":"33","author":"Frasca","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1303361","article-title":"Latent Infection With Cytomegalovirus is Associated With Poor Memory CD4 Responses to Influenza A Core Proteins in the Elderly","volume":"193","author":"Derhovanessian","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.03.086","article-title":"Cytomegalovirus Infection and Responsiveness to Influenza Vaccination in Elderly Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities","volume":"29","author":"den Elzen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2019.1642056","article-title":"Impact of Age and Pre-Existing Immunity on the Induction of Human Antibody Responses Against Influenza B Viruses","volume":"15","author":"Carlock","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1315727","article-title":"Efficacy of High-Dose Versus Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults","volume":"371","author":"DiazGranados","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2017.03.092","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Elderly Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"35","author":"Wilkinson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.09.004","article-title":"Efficacy and Effectiveness of High-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults by Circulating Strain and Antigenic Match: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2013.54.3.560","article-title":"Tools to Detect Influenza Virus","volume":"54","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.10.003","article-title":"The Effects of Exercise on Vaccination Responses: A Review of Chronic and Acute Exercise Interventions in Humans","volume":"39","author":"Pascoe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"B46","first-page":"6","article-title":"Position Statement. Part One: Immune Function and Exercise","volume":"17","author":"Walsh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exerc Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B47","first-page":"8","article-title":"Human Cytomegalovirus Infection and the Immune Response to Exercise","volume":"22","author":"Simpson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exerc Immunol Rev"},{"key":"B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2014.03.006","article-title":"Special Issue on Exercise Immunology: Current Perspectives on Aging, Health and Extreme Performance","volume":"39","author":"Simpson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-016-9879-0","article-title":"Moderate and Intense Exercise Lifestyles Attenuate the Effects of Aging on Telomere Length and the Survival and Composition of T Cell Subpopulations","volume":"38","author":"Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Age (Dordr)"},{"key":"B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-016-9642-z","article-title":"Is Immunosenescence Influenced by Our Lifetime \"Dose\" of Exercise","volume":"17","author":"Turner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e318201f39d","article-title":"Aging, Persistent Viral Infections, and Immunosenescence: Can Exercise \"Make Space\"","volume":"39","author":"Simpson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exerc Sport Sci Rev"},{"key":"B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.24.11495-11503.2000","article-title":"Enrichment of Immediate-Early 1 (M123\/Pp89) Peptide-Specific CD8 T Cells in a Pulmonary CD62L(lo) Memory-Effector Cell Pool During Latent Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection of the Lungs","volume":"74","author":"Holtappels","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-019-00608-7","article-title":"The Hallmarks of CMV-Specific CD8 T-Cell Differentiation","volume":"208","author":"van den Berg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1519\/JSC.0b013e3181fc5e67","article-title":"Monocyte and T-Cell Responses to Exercise Training in Elderly Subjects","volume":"25","author":"Shimizu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2013.11.015","article-title":"Aging and Immunity - Impact of Behavioral Intervention","volume":"39","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"B56","first-page":"9","article-title":"L-Glutamine Supplementation Improves the Inflammatory Profile of Exercised Obese Elderly","volume":"1","author":"Sperandio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Bras Sa\u00fade Global"},{"key":"B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000128186.09416.18","article-title":"Influence of Physical Activity on Serum IL-6 and IL-10 Levels in Healthy Older Men","volume":"36","author":"Jankord","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.18.1722","article-title":"Long-Term Exercise and Atherogenic Activity of Blood Mononuclear Cells in Persons at Risk of Developing Ischemic Heart Disease","volume":"281","author":"Smith","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellimm.2012.01.001","article-title":"Aging is Associated With Circulating Cytokine Dysregulation","volume":"273","author":"Alvarez-Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.19.1.683","article-title":"Interleukin-10 and the Interleukin-10 Receptor","volume":"19","author":"Moore","year":"2001","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199307000-00011","article-title":"Physical Activity and Immune Function in Elderly Women","volume":"25","author":"Nieman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583951","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1583951","article-title":"Plasma IL-6\/IL-10 Ratio and IL-8, LDH, and HBDH Level Predict the Severity and the Risk of Death in AIDS Patients With Pneumocystis Pneumonia","volume":"2016","author":"Sun","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"key":"B63","first-page":"37","article-title":"Pattern of Cytokine (IL-6 and IL-10) Level as Inflammation and Anti-Inflammation Mediator of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) in Polytrauma","volume":"6","author":"Sapan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Burns Trauma"},{"key":"B64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-018-1007-9","article-title":"Study on Relationship Between Elderly Sarcopenia and Inflammatory Cytokine IL-6, Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine IL-10","volume":"18","author":"Rong","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"B65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu573","article-title":"Prolonged Proinflammatory Cytokine Production in Monocytes Modulated by Interleukin 10 After Influenza Vaccination in Older Adults","volume":"211","author":"Mohanty","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"B66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.00784","article-title":"Impact of Aging and Cytomegalovirus on Immunological Response to Influenza Vaccination and Infection","volume":"8","author":"Merani","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Immunology"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.713763\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T17:57:18Z","timestamp":1634147838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.713763\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fimmu.2021.713763"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fimmu.2021.713763","relation":{},"ISSN":["1664-3224"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1664-3224","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,12]]},"article-number":"713763"}}