{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T02:37:49Z","timestamp":1768703869208,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":173,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a curative treatment for hematologic malignancies, bone marrow failure syndromes, and inherited immunodeficiencies and metabolic diseases. Graft-<jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>-host disease (GVHD) is the major life-threatening complication after allogeneic HCT. New insights into the pathophysiology of GVHD garnered from our understanding of the immunological pathways within animal models have been pivotal in driving new therapeutic paradigms in the clinic. Successful clinical translations include histocompatibility matching, GVHD prophylaxis using cyclosporine and methotrexate, posttransplant cyclophosphamide, and the use of broad kinase inhibitors that inhibit cytokine signaling (e.g. ruxolitinib). New approaches focus on na\u00efve T cell depletion, targeted cytokine modulation and the inhibition of co-stimulation. This review highlights the use of animal transplantation models to guide new therapeutic principles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.715424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]],"date-time":"2021-08-19T14:27:01Z","timestamp":1629383221000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The Pathophysiology and Treatment of Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Lessons Learnt From Animal Models"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Takanori","family":"Teshima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geoffrey R.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"Evidence for the Cellular Hypothesis in Radiation Protection by Bone Marrow Cells","volume":"4","author":"Vos","year":"1956","journal-title":"Acta Physiol Pharmacol Neerl"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4993.626","article-title":"Treatment of Murine Leukaemia With X Rays and Homologous Bone Marrow; Preliminary Communication","volume":"2","author":"Barnes","year":"1956","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1957.tb05793.x","article-title":"Treatment of Murine Leukaemia With X-Rays and Homologous Bone Marrow. 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