{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T17:08:46Z","timestamp":1782752926810,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by infiltration of IgG4+ plasma cells that can simulate a tumor manifesting as a tumor-like mass. This disease involves the pancreas, biliary tract, kidneys, salivary glands, lymph nodes, aorta, and retroperitoneum amongst other organs. However, testicular involvement is a rare entity in this disease. The treatment of testicular involvement in IgG4-RD is currently controversial. We present the case of a 65-year-old man with swelling and pain in his right scrotum three months ago. On examination, a mobile mass of approximately 2\u00a0cm in diameter was found in the right scrotum. Serological tests showed elevated levels of IgG4 and negative for tumor markers. Enhanced computed tomography of the scrotum showed a nodular hyperdense shadow with a diameter of approximately 23\u00a0mm on the right epididymis. Pathological biopsy of the right epididymis showed infiltration of plasma cells, lymphocytes, and a few neutrophils. IgG4+ plasma cells stained positive, with an IgG4\/IgG ratio of more than 40% and more than 30 IgG4+ plasma cells per high-power field. A diagnosis of IgG4-RD involving the testicles was made. Prednisone 30 mg\/d was given for three weeks. No scrotum swelling or pain was observed at the follow-up after six months. IgG4-related disease should be considered whenever a mass-like lesion with typical histomorphologic features involving multiple organs\/anatomical sites is encountered. The testicles are an important male reproductive organ, especially for young male patients with fertility requirements. For patients with IgG4-RD testicular involvement, surgical or medical treatment requires further study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.717902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,10]],"date-time":"2021-08-10T06:43:56Z","timestamp":1628577836000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["IgG4-Related Disease With Testicular Involvement: A Case Report and Review of 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