{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T01:09:27Z","timestamp":1773018567409,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Immunol."],"abstract":"<jats:p>CD8+ T cells recognize non-self antigen by MHC class I molecules and kill the target cells by the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-\u03b3) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1). Our group previously reported an increase of CD8+ T\u2010cell trafficking in the placenta with exposure to Lipopolysaccharides (LPS). CD8+ cytotoxic T cells have been classified into distinct subsets based upon cytokine production: Tc1 cells produce IFN-\u03b3, Tc2 cells produce interleukin 4 (IL-4). Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to analyze the subsets of placenta CD8+ T cells. We hypothesized that LPS injection would induce a change of properties of CD8+ T cell and Tc1\/Tc2 ratio. We investigated the subsets of CD8+ T cell infiltration to placenta and their specific function in response to LPS-induced inflammation in a mouse model. At embryonic (E) day 17, pregnant CD-1 dams received an intrauterine injection of 25 \u00b5g LPS in100\u2009\u03bcl PBS or 100\u2009\u03bcl of PBS only. Flow cytometry was used to quantify CD8+ T cells, evaluate the phenotype and subtypes, and detect markers of Tc1 and Tc2 cells in placenta, at 6 hours and 24 hours post injection (hpi). Intracellular staining and flow cytometry were performed to characterize cytokines produced by CD8+ T cells. Standard statistical analysis were employed. After 6 and 24 hours of LPS injection, total CD8 T cells increased (P&amp;lt;0.05). Tc1 cells expanded (P&amp;lt;0.05) in LPS-treated dams compared with the PBS group. The Tc1\/Tc2 ratio was significantly higher in the LPS group than the PBS group (P&amp;lt;0.05). The expression of TNF-\u03b1 and IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> were increased in LPS group both at 6hpi and 24 hpi (P&amp;lt;0.05). We identified functional placental CD8+ T cell subtypes and found a significant increase ratio of Tc1\/Tc2. Following IUI, CD8+ T cells induced inflammatory response in the placenta primarily <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic> the production of Type 1 cytokines such as IFN-\u03b3 and TNF-\u03b1. We have provided evidence of a Tc1-bias response and cytokines in the mouse model of IUI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.718563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T05:32:12Z","timestamp":1631079132000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Type 1 Cytotoxic T Cells Increase in Placenta after Intrauterine 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